Mbiri ya "Mercedes-Benz" ndi mfundo zosangalatsa

Mbiri ya "Mercedes", mmodzi wa automakers otchuka ndi akuluakulu, ndi bwino zoona chidwi. Ndi chuma chambiri ndi kunayamba m'ma XIX. Chabwino, tiyenera mwachidule amatiuza za mphindi chidwi kwambiri ndi kukuuzani, mmene panali mtunduwu lero n'chimodzimodzi ndi mawu akuti "kukoma", "kalembedwe" ndi "mwanaalirenji".

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Mbiri ya "Mercedes-Benz" ali ndi zambiri zoona chidwi. Ndipo wina wotchuka kuti ziziyenda ambiri. Ndipo ndi kuti mtundu zayamba chifukwa pophatikizana a zopangidwa ndi awiri. Woyamba amatchedwa "Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft", ndipo chachiwiri - ndi "Benz". Mu 1926 iye anapanga gulu limodzi. Concern anadzatchedwa "Daimler-Benz".

Zonsezi zinayamba ndi maonekedwe mu 1886, mawiro atatu kudziletsa injini magalimoto, zida ndi injini mafuta. Mlengi wake anali Karl Bents. Iye analandira setifiketi kwa Kutulukira ndi kuyamba kuŵeta. Mu 1891 iye analenga galimoto 4-matayala. Daimler umabala kufanana chitsanzo, "Mercedes-35PS" chomwenso ndi kukhala wotchuka. Koma Karl Benz adaganiza kuti kwanthawi kumbuyo kwake, pamodzi ndi gulu lake amangothamangira galimoto, amene ankatchedwa "Blitzen Benz". injini ake amabala zambiri monga 200 ndiyamphamvu. N'zosadabwitsa kuti galimoto wakhala zitsanzo wotchuka anagona pa nthawi imeneyo. Koma kodi mgwirizano wa iwiri ya mpikisano wamphamvu?

zochitika zina

Pambuyo 1926, mbiri ya mtundu "Mercedes" chinayamba mu njira yatsopano. Iwo ophatikizidwa, ndi gulu latsopanoli angathe kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru, zinachitikira ndi luso opanga makampani onse. Mtsogoleri anali munthu dzina lake Ferdinand Porsche. Uyamiko kwa Iye, pulogalamu kupanga wakhala kwathunthu kusinthidwa. Monga maziko magalimoto m'tsogolo, anatenga chitsanzo otsiriza "Daimler". A chitukuko woyamba anali otchedwa kompresa zino. Makina 6-tsilindovymi injini mphamvu 6.240 ^cm3 sakanakhoza kukhala otchuka. Galimoto ngakhale anapatsidwa dzina "imfa msampha". Ndipo mathokozo onse ndi yaikulu (nthawi) mphamvu ndi liwiro. Ndipotu chitsanzo akhoza imathandizira kwa 145 Km / h.

Koma mu 1928, Ferdinand anachoka kampaniyo. Iye m'malo mwa Hans Niebel. Motsogozedwa wake, kupangidwa makina 6 yamphamvu 3.7-lita injini, kenako anayamba injini ndi zonenepa 8. buku awo anali 4.9 malita kale.

Ndipo mu 1930, mbiri ya "Mercedes" walandira wozungulira latsopano. Ndithudi, kuwala kwa lofalitsidwa chitsanzo, limene tsopano lodziwika bwino! Ndipo kuti "Big Mercedes", zida ndi injini 8 yamphamvu ndi 200 HP, omwe analipo 7655 masentimita ^3. chitsanzo Izi zakhala wodziimira kuyimitsidwa ndi supercharger. Chotero kodi patsogolo zaonekeratu.

Logo ndi dzina

Iyi ndi chidwi kwambiri ndi zofunika mutu kuti muyenera ndithudi kudziŵika tcheru, akulankhula za gulu la "Mercedes". History dzina la yosavuta wopepuka. Mercedes-Benz - ndicho phokoso la Baibulo zake zonse. Mercedes - dzina la mwana wa mmodzi mwa anayambitsa gulu. Ndipotu, ngakhale pamaso pa pophatikizana pansi dzina makina. A Benz - dzina chachiwiri anayambitsa, Karl. Kuti "Mercedes" mutu nkhani.

Koma chizindikiro, chirichonse chiri chosiyana pang'ono. Apa kwambiri chidwi nkhani. "Mercedes-Benz" amadziwika nyenyezi ake atatu-mtengo. Kodi izo zinachokera kuti? Pali Mabaibulo angapo. Loyamba limati kuti aliyense mtengo - chizindikiro cha mpweya, madzi ndi malo. Pambuyo nkhawa zinalengedwa magalimoto osati kokha, komanso injini maboti galimoto ndi balloons. Kuti ali choyimira monga anafotokoza kuti tidaipanga anakwanitsa kulikonse, m'madera onse.

Baibulo lachiwiri ndi zambiri zachikondi. Ananena anayambitsa kampani, ndilo Wilhelm Maybach, Gottlieb Daimler ndi Emile Ellinek, sakanakhoza kubwera ndi chizindikiro a. Aliyense anali ndi maganizo awo, koma kukondera nkukhalabe sakwanitsa kubwera. Ndipo nthawi ina iwo anayamba kukangana, ndi zinthu pafupifupi anali kumenyana. Mwana wa mmodzi mwa oyambitsa ndi sanagwirizane nazo ndipo iye ananena kuti nthawi kuthetsa mkangano komanso chiyanjanitso kuwoloka nkhuni. Iwo anachita izo. Ndipo mwadzidzidzi aliyense anaona kuti chithunzi amayang'ana wabwino. Ndipo wotchuka nyenyezi zitatu mtengo anabadwa. A kwambiri nthano zosangalatsa za chizindikiro cha "Mercedes". Mbiri ya mtunduwu, ndi njira, silili amanena zomwe Baibulo ndi lolondola. Kale izi palibe ndendende amadziwa.

zaka nkhondo

Mbiri ya "Mercedes" mu 1940s anayamba pang'ono mosiyana. kampani sadaleka kubala magalimoto, ndi pa dzanja zina, akatswiri ayamba kutulutsa, kuwonjezera zitsanzo galimotolo ndipo ngakhale magalimoto. Ndipo onse anali bwino mpaka September 1944. Ndiye 2-sabata mlengalenga bombardment, amene anagwirizira Anglo-American mpweya mphamvu, kuwonongedwa gulu pafupifupi kwathunthu. Pa malo chomera, kusiya bwinja chabe.

M'holo yaikulu, yomwe inachokera mu Stuttgart, anawononga 70 peresenti. A thupi ndi injini chomera amene anali Sindelfingen, anavutika kwambiri. Pali aononga 85% ya okwana zilipo. Kodi munganene za galimoto shopu ili Gaggenau: iye ndi chiyani kanthu katsalira. Linanyeka, komanso ulimi wa mbewu injini dizilo. Fakitale osachepera anakhudzidwa otchedwa Benz und Cie (Mannheim): anawawononga 20%. zotsatira zake zinali zokhumudwitsa. The bodi analengeza kuti kampani "Daimler-Benz" thupi kulibenso. Ndi momwe nkhaniyo anatembenukira kwa "Mercedes".

nkhondo itatha,

Koma kuti sikuthetsa. History galimoto "Mercedes" chinayamba mu njira yatsopano. Sitepe yoyamba ndi kubwezeretsa kwa zomera zonse anawonongedwa. Panapita nthawi zina, akuti zaka ziwiri. Ndipo kupanga anayambiranso yekha mu Kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe cha 1946. Ndi kokha mapangidwe a zanyengo latsopano, panali kanthu: palibe luso wabwino m'munsi kapena ndalama. Choncho anayamba kuchita zinthu, pamene iwo amati mu mzere bajeti. Chitsanzo choyamba, anamasulidwa nkhondo itatha, anakhala sedani, lotchedwa W136 wa - ndizo 38 ndiyamphamvu runabout. Ndi anayamba nkhani yatsopano.

Mu 1949 tinachita msonkhano Mokweza lalikulu. Kukweza injini (mphamvu anali 52 HP), anayamba kubala sedans osati convertibles ndi siteshoni ngolo. Ngakhale Baibulo ndi injini dizilo anaonekera.

Ndi chiyambi cha anakonza Launch 1950 latsopano m'badwo wamakono, koma zinkafuna wabwino mafakitale maziko. Chifukwa anakonza anafunika kaye ndi kupitiriza kubala pang'ono makina chakale. Koma nkhani ya "Mercedes" zingakhale zosangalatsa popanda kuganizira nkhawa mavuto ambiri. Komabe mu 1951, panali zachilendo ndi 80 ndiyamphamvu wagawo 6 yamphamvu.

1940-50-ntchentche zinali zovuta mafakitale. Koma zaka zisanu ndi zinayi anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa zabwino, maziko olimba. Ndipo chifukwa khamu anadzakhala nkhawa kutsogolera kwa kupanga makina mu Ulaya.

Kodi chinachitika?

A zinthu zambiri munganene za "Mercedes". zitsanzo onse amene mbiri chidwi ndithu, tidasiya chizindikiro zina za kupita patsogolo luso kampani. mwapadera ndi kutchula otchedwa "Adenauer" ofunika. zitsanzo Flagship, omwe anasonkhana ndi dzanja. Ndipo ngakhale kapangidwe akale sanapange iwo zochepa otchuka.

W186 (mwanaalirenji limousine pa nthawi) chinaperekedwa kwa anthu mu 1951, mu November. makhalidwe ake anali tingachipeze powerenga Kamangidwe, 6-lita 3 yamphamvu injini ndi camshaft chapamwamba. chitsanzo ichi chikupezeka monga sedani ndi limousine. makina wakhala amazipanga wotchuka pakati pa anthu otchuka, anthu andale ndi amalonda. Ndipo chifukwa "Adenauer"? Chifukwa galimoto ili ndi kutikonda kwambiri Konrad Adenauer, ndi Chancellor loyamba la Germany. Mwa njira, galimoto akhale okonzeka ndi wailesi, telefoni ndi opanda pake winayo, amene anangobwera kuona mwini. Mkati anachita payekha, ndi pempho la makasitomala. Zinali wotchuka kwambiri "Mercedes".

History of chitsanzo limanena kuti galimoto nthawi zonse akweza (chifukwa anasonkhana pamanja kusintha kunali kosavuta). Pomaliza, galimoto inasanduka chitsanzo, wotchedwa W186 300b. More ndendende, zotchedwa mndandanda watsopano. Ndi awatulutsira kutsogolo, ng'oma ananyema ndi zinthu zina. Ndipo m'ma 50s anawonekera jekeseni mafuta - mmodzi wa zoyambitsidwa lalikulu la nthawi. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa pa chitsanzo W188 300Sc.

zitsanzo Sport

Mercedes-Benz gulu, ngakhale mu zaka 50 chinkhoswe mu kupanga, magalimoto osati kokha, komanso amangothamangira. Makina a nthawi, monga magalimoto amakono a m'zaka za zana XXI, wotchuka thupi kuuluka bwino potsatira njira. Makamaka otchuka anali W196 chitsanzo. Zinali wokwera wake ku Argentina dzina lake Juan Manuel Fangio kuti tipambane Championship, "chilinganizo 1" mu 1954 1955. Bright mbali chosiyana anali desmodromny makina actuator mavavu ndi jekeseni mafuta.

Mu 1952 anapita buku Model W 194, yomwe ikutchedwa. Ichi ndi kuloŵedwa m'malo mwa SLR wotchuka. Nayenso nawo mafuko ambiri. thupi lake amapangidwa chimango tubular, zomwe akatswiri kuphimba zotayidwa opepuka mapepala. Alongo galimoto zitseko kutsegula oposa (anthu "gull-phiko") ndi mawonekedwe a zashuga ndi.

Mu 1953, analenga Baibulo msewu wa chitsanzo. Choncho anabadwa W198. Chifukwa makhalidwe ake ndi mbali futuristic, galimoto wakhala wotchuka kwambiri, makamaka kwa anthu osankhika US. 215-ndiyamphamvu injini ndi liwiro pamwamba 250 Km / h ndi chidwi maonekedwe sangachoke aliyense osayanjanitsika. Ngakhale poyamba mphamvu anali malita 115 okha Komabe, wamakono wachita ntchito yake.

zaka 70

Mu makumi asanu, ndi mtundu anakhoza, monga iwo amati, zovuta kuyima. Mu zaka zao za sikisite oyambirira, iwo zinatchuka kenako anatchuka kwambiri padziko lonse. Mu zaka 70 mtundu zafika pamlingo latsopano. atsogoleri Gulu ayamba dongosolo latsopano gulu. Tsopano W kutonthoza watha kukhala yekha. rodsters kumeneko (R), m'chipinda (C), siteshoni ngolo (S) ndi chitsanzo yaitali m'munsi (V). Komanso anayamba kuoneka ena mfundo makongoletsedwe.

Ndipo chitsanzo loyamba la makumi asanu ndi awiri anali galimoto SL R107. Iwo tiyeni mu kuwala kwa zaka 18, 1989. Makina okonzeka ndi injini onse 6- ndi 8 yamphamvu. Kwenikweni, kumene, anthu ambiri V8. Mu America, makina awa Nditatsegula mmwamba monga hotcakes. A Baibulo 560SL si amagulitsidwa Europe.

Mbiri ya "Mercedes" S-Maphunziro anayamba pa nthawi yomweyi. Mu 1972, 108-TH chitsanzo alowa m'malo mwa galimoto W116 - nthumwi S-kalasi yoyamba dziko lapansi ndi odana ndi loko braking ndi kuyimitsidwa hydropneumatic. Ndipo ndithudi, wina luso - Makinawa Kufala, 3-Band. Ndiye panali flagship, amene wakhala wotchuka kwambiri - 450SEL. Izo zinali zoyenera ndi V8-injini ya 6,9 lita Volume.

Mu 1973, pa nkhawa kumalondolera vuto latsopano - mavuto mafuta. Chifukwa cha iye, kugulitsa "Mercedes" anagwera. Komabe, chifukwa W114 ndi / W115 zitsanzo ntchito atawalamula ngakhale nkhawa si uwonongedwe. Ndiyeno bajeti ndi W123 lodziwika bwino. Mmodzi wa mtengo kwambiri, wangwiro ndi odalirika magalimoto "Mercedes". Mbiri ya chilengedwe limanena kuti galimoto iyi - imodzi yabwino pakati pa onse kuti Mercedes anamasulidwa. Ndipo zimenezi n'zoona. 123 ukhoza kupereka osemphana ndi ena zaluso ano ku opanga ena.

Mapeto a XX atumwi

80s ndipo 90s andzesera ambiri otchuka a "Mercedes". Mbiri ya chilengedwe, komanso zenizeni chi zikusonyeza kuti ambiri a magalimoto amene anamasulidwa ku nthawi, ndipo tsopano otchuka. Mwina chitsanzo wotchuka "zisanu zana" kumbuyo kwa W124 kapena W201 thupi. makina Awa lero ndi maloto a ena connoisseurs wa magalimoto akale German.

Koma m'pofunika kubwerera ku mbiri. Mu zaka 80 tinapita kunja chitsanzo W126, V126, V126 Pullman (limousine) ndi C126. Onse a magalimoto awa zinalembedwa mpaka 1991.

Mu 1982, nduna yaikulu msonkhano sedani 190. W201 Yaying'ono, wokongola, masitayilo, ndi omasuka ndi yabwino mkati - mwamsanga anayamba kufala. Popanga madzi a gamma injini, poyamba, anali lonse (ku malita 1.8 kuti 2.6 mphamvu ranged ku 75 185 HP). 11 zokha m'kuunika zinachitika miliyoni 1.8 magalimoto. Icho chinali chithunzi zosaneneka.

Kumayambiriro '90s anabwera Geländewagen uthenga. Iwo anadziwika chitsanzo 463 ndi 461. Ndiponso, kuyamba kwa R129 SL. Galimoto anatuluka mu kuwala ndipo mpaka mu 2001. Mu 1991, panali S-kalasi luso - W140. makina zimaonetsa chachikulu kwambiri. Ndipo iye anali amene anayambitsa mtundu m'nyengo kompyuta. Ndipo uyu anali chitsanzo choyamba, amene anakhazikitsa injini V12. Nthawi zambiri, zaka 90 ndakhala ikuyenda bwino kwambiri.

modernity

Mu nthawi yathu, Mercedes-Benz gulu umabala basi zenizeni yaikulu chiwerengero cha magalimoto osiyana. Mbiri ya "Mercedes-Benz" kupitiriza kulemba. Pali A gulu - magalimoto ang'ono ndi yaying'ono. G-Maphunziro - ndi SUVs lalikulu ndi lamphamvu. E ndipo S-Maphunziro - odalirika, zooneka, mtengo magalimoto. Minivans, magalimoto, mathirakitala, convertibles, supercars - chimene palibe mu osiyanasiyana yaikulu German Mlengi. Ndipo zitsanzo zambiri ndi zazikulu, mwachitsanzo, Brabus roketi 900. Great kapangidwe kuchokera tuners yabwino dziko Brabus 900-ndiyamphamvu injini ndi liwiro pamwamba 350 Km / h - ndi ochepa paradaiso.

A GT S AMG 4-lita 510-HP mota? mtengo wake ndi za 135 000 mumauro. wotchuka kwambiri tsopano, "Mercedes" S65 AMG (W222). Iye ali pansi pa nyumba ndi 5.5-lita 585-HP engine. Ndipo chinthu china - 4MATIC dongosolo. Koma tsopano angapezeke pa ambiri a "Mercedes".

Funani ndi roadsters SL. Bajeti CLA (ngati mtengo wa rubles miliyoni 2 angatchedwe chotero) kupeza ogula awo. The peculiarity wa "Mercedes" galimoto chakuti aliyense wa iwo akhoza kusangalatsa pafupifupi aliyense. Ena ngati S-Maphunziro, ndi zina - chitsanzo cha C. mndandanda Koma mzere pansi ndi kuti kutukula wa gulu Stuttgart opangidwa makina amenewo kuti agonjetse mitima ya onse. Osati kanthu chifukwa Mercedes-Benz lili pa nambala wachiwiri kutchuka, khalidwe ndi kudalirika kwa makampani onse opanga mu dziko. Pa nthaka - "Toyota". Koma koposa zonse, chifukwa m'mayiko Asian anthu yaikulu komanso chifukwa chakuti chinthu.