Matenda a mafupa: Mitundu, Zizindikiro ndi Chithandizo

Monga mukudziwa, mafupa ndi kuthandiza thupi lonse. Popanda dongosolo chigoba, ife sangathe osati kuchita zosiyanasiyana kayendedwe, koma ngakhale kuima. Choncho, kuchirikiza ntchito ya mafupa a ndi wina wa luso zofunika kwambiri zofunika moyo.

Mwatsoka, matenda a mafupa sizachilendo. Nthawi zambiri iwo ali oyanjana ndi kuvutika zimfundo. Nthawi zambiri, mavuto ndi dongosolo la minofu ndi mafupa ayamba kuonekera mu ukalamba. Nthawi zambiri kukhala ndi akazi amene kusamba. Komabe, matenda a mafupa opezeka anthu a mibadwo yonse. Nazonso - ana ndi makanda.

Kudwala a dongosolo chigoba: Kufotokozera

Matenda a mafupa ndiponso mfundo yodziwika ndi makutu locomotor ntchito, zomwe zikugwirizananso ndi zizindikiro monga kusintha gait, kusakhoza kupanga munthu kuweramira kapena kasinthasintha, mapindikidwe wa miyendo kapena msana. Pathologies akhoza kukhala mwina kobadwa nako (majini primed) ndipo anaphunziranso pa moyo wawo. Matenda anawagawa isanafalikire (kuphimba chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa mafupa) ndi wamba zokhudza lonse minofu ndi mafupa dongosolo. Yotupa kudwala angakhale majini (kobadwa nako kuvutika), chotupa chikhalidwe. Komanso akugonjetsa dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa monga fractures, dislocations zimfundo, mapindikidwe ndi contractures mu pathologies zokhudza zonse za chamoyo. Matenda a mafupa a anthu ndi kuchuluka chomwecho mu dziko. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka pakati pa anthu wamkazi. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa anthu amene ali ndi matenda a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa ndi lalikulu.

The matenda a mafupa ndi zimfundo: mitundu

The etiology mafupa ndi pathologies olowa osiyana. Izo zimatengera mtundu wanji wa matenda limapezeka pa nkhani zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, matenda zimagawidwa m'magulu awa:

1. Osachiritsika zotupa. Zikuphatikizapo rickets ana ndi kufooka kwa mafupa amenewa amapezeka akuluakulu. Nyamuka chifukwa cha kusowa kufufuza zinthu (calcium, phosphorous). Kusowa zinthu izi angachokere zakudya zosayenera, komanso chifukwa wonongeka ya chithokomiro England, mazira.
2. Yotupa matenda - osteomyelitis. Matendawa akufotokozera chifukwa cha kumayambiriro wothandizila tating'onoting'ono mu minofu fupa. Izi limodzi ndi kwe - necrosis.
3. zotupa Mantha a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa. Zikuphatikizapo ming'alu ndi fractures. Komanso mgulu lino mfundo kuonongeka ndi Mitsemphayi (sprain motsatizana). Zimayambitsa matenda fupa zoopsa - izo iwombela, psinjika ndi zinthu zina makina.
4. Osachiritsika (dysplastic) kudwala. Kuti monga nyamakazi, ankylosing spondylitis. Etiologic chinthu cha pathologies izi si yeniyeni kudziwika. Akukhulupirira kuti ndi cholowa (majini) chikhalidwe ndi ikukhudzana kwa zotupa autoimmune fupa.
5. zotupa Neoplastic a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa.
6. Osowa majini syndromes. Zikuphatikizapo matenda Paget a, osteogenesis imperfecta, ndi zina zotero D..

Zimayambitsa pathologies fupa

Ngakhale kuti matenda onse fupa ndi etiologies osiyana, pali zinthu zimene zimachititsa kuti aliyense wa pathologies pamwambapa. Zikuphatikizapo zotsatira izi:

1. Kusagwiritsa zakudya. Osakwanira kumwa zakudya zokhala ndi calcium, akutitsogolera kuti kuchepa kwa mafupa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, akulu kukhala kufooka kwa mafupa.
2. Kusowa kwa dzuwa. chifukwa zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti matenda monga rickets. kudwala Izi wamba ana.
3. matenda m'thupi. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka kwa chithokomiro England. Thupi ili ndi udindo kukhala bwino pakati kashiamu ndi phosphorous zofunika fupa. Komanso, kwa pathologies a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa zingachititse kusokonezeka kwa zopangitsa parathyroid, thumba losunga mazira.
4. Kugwiritsa katundu pa mafupa a. Mwa njira imeneyi chifukwa cha zonse kuvala zolemera, yaitali thupi ntchito, kunenepa.
5. Matenda foci matenda. M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo ya chiwalo chilichonse kungachititse kuti malowedwe a tizilombo ting'onoting'ono dongosolo chigoba.
6. Zokhudza zonse kudwala.
7. Majini chingawapangitse kukhala zidakwa matenda a mafupa ndiponso mfundo. Mwachitsanzo, nyamakazi ndi makolo gout.

The matenda chithunzi pathologies fupa

Zizindikiro za matenda fupa zimadalira matenda palokha, komanso pa mlingo wa ukulu wake. Komabe, chithunzi matenda a matenda a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa ali ndi makhalidwe ofanana. Zikuphatikizapo kusapeza pamene ukuyenda, fupa mapindikidwe, kapena olowa kutupa ndi wachifundo pa malo a chotupa cha. zizindikiro izi zikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi onse pathologies. Yotupa fupa matenda kuposa zizindikiro zatchulidwa ali kuwonetseredwa ndi malungo, kufooka ambiri, kusowa chilakolako.

kudwala, monga kufooka kwa mafupa, simungathe kukhala aliyense wa chithunzi matenda. matenda akuganiza mukhoza kukhala chifukwa zoopsa kawirikawiri mtima, zikubweretsa fractures fupa.

kudwala wina, pokhala dystrophic m'chilengedwe osteomalacia. Akuluakulu, izo zikhoza kuganiziridwa matenda osiyana ana - kusonyeza rickets. The chizindikiro chachikulu cha osteomalacia - ululu pa olimbikitsa mafupa, kusapeza poyenda.

Matenda mawonetseredwe a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa a khansa zimadalira siteji ya ndondomekoyi. Childs, chotupa cha amakhala ndi maonekedwe a gawo chidindo (okwera) pamodzi fupa, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuonjezera. Mu masiteji choopsa cha kuwonjezeka mu lymph mfundo, otsika kalasi malungo, kufooka.

Matenda a pathologies a dongosolo locomotor

Kuti tipeze zomwe fupa matenda zingaoneke mu mtima, m'pofunika kuchita kafukufuku osati a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa, komanso lonse chamoyo. Chifukwa chachikulu chithandizo kuchipatala ndi madandaulo a ululu, malire a kayendedwe, mapindikidwe. The katswiri ayenera kudziwa zinthu zotsatirazi: kaya zoipa kapena kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri. Pambuyo kuona mafupa ndi mafupa. adokotala anafunsa mtima kuchita izikhala ndi amaweruza ntchito yawo. Zina deta zasayansi ndi zizindikiro zofunika monga leukocytes ndi ESR, asidi uric, calcium ndi phosphorous. Komanso, ngati wodwalayo anadandaula ululu kapena stiffness wa malo, m'pofunika kuchita kusanthula ndi kuzindikira rheumatoid china. Komanso, X-ray zachitika mafupa. Ngati ndi kotheka, ndi CT jambulani.

Masiyanidwe matenda a matenda a mafupa

Pofuna kusiyanitsa wina ndi mzake matenda a mafupa, muyenera bwinobwino mtima. Pa chiphaso cha kuvulala yomweyo radiography, ndi matenda sikovuta. The ndondomeko yotupa akupambana akuganiza chifukwa yoyendera nthambi (pamaso mabala ndi purulent okhutira, hyperemia ndi edema), kuchulukitsidwa kwa thupi kutentha, deta zasayansi (leukocytosis, inapita erythrocyte sedimentation mlingo). kusintha fupa osachiritsika anapezeka ndi x-ray. Ngati mukukayikira kuti chotupa kapena chotupa ikuchitika kompyuta tomography. matenda monga nyamakazi kapena ankylosing spondylitis amadziŵika (makamaka) chifukwa chithunzi matenda. Iwo kusiyana ndi mapindikidwe kutchulidwa a dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa ndi kusintha gait.

matenda a mafupa: chithandizo cha pathologies

Ngakhale ndi ululu pang'ono kapena kuletsa magulu ayenera kufunsa dokotala. Pa chiphaso cha kuvulala n'kofunika kuti nthawi x-ray ndi osewera, kuyambira fupa mwina zikulire pamodzi, pambuyo omwe amafunika yaitali mankhwala. Komanso, chithandizo zofunikira kuti akonze maonekedwe a zilonda. Zimenezi ndi zoona makamaka kwa odwala ndi shuga ndi varicose mitsempha. Ngakhale kuti matenda amenewa si mbale dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa, zilonda trophic kungachititse kuti chitukuko cha osteomyelitis. Pamene kupindika msana, mapazi mosabisa ndi zipolowe gait muyenera kuona podiatrist. Vutoli ndi udindo fractures ndi dislocations zimfundo. Rheumatologist imakhazikika yotupa anachita chifukwa cha ndondomeko autoimmune.

Zakudya amalimbikitsa pathologies fupa

matenda alionse fupa kumasonyeza kuti kudya pang'ono. kudya chakudya chabwino osati kulimbitsa mafupa, komanso kupewa pofuna kukwaniritsa kudwala lapansi. Koposa zonse izo nkhawa matenda zoopsa ndi osachiritsika. Kuonetsetsa mulingo woyenera kashiamu mu thupi, muyenera kudya mkaka. The zili chapamwamba chinthu ichi zimawonedwa mu zovuta tchizi, kanyumba tchizi, yogurt. magwero kashiamu monga chiwindi, zikumera ndi mtedza. Sitikudziwa kulengeza ntchito shuga, mphesa, nyemba, ndi mowa.

Medical ndi opaleshoni chithandizo

Mu matenda yotupa mafupa ndi zimfundo ntchito mankhwala NSAIDs gulu. Zikuphatikizapo mankhwala "Diclofenac", "Artoksan", "Aertal". Komanso kulandira mankhwala othetsa ululu bwino. Mwachitsanzo, "Ketonal" mankhwala. mankhwala Izi ndi zofunika komanso zoopsa zotupa fupa. Akazi kusamba kawirikawiri kukhala kufooka kwa mafupa. Kuchepetsa fupa fragility estrogensoderzhaschih akulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mu mapindikidwe choopsa cha dongosolo minofu ndi mafupa opaleshoni. Komanso, opaleshoni akuonetsedwa ngati kudziwika chitukuko chotupa ndi osteomyelitis.

Kupewa matenda a mafupa

Kuti asapanikize kapena chitukuko cha kuvutika fupa, m'pofunika kutsatira zakudya, kuonda. Izo analimbikitsanso kuchita thupi, koma chinthu chachikulu apa - musati overdo izo. Prophylaxis mikhalidwe yotupa ndi ukhondo foci kachilombo ndi mankhwala opha tizilombo pa exacerbation la matenda aakulu (sinusitis, zilonda zapakhosi).