Losungidwa zikalata. Kodi kupala zikalata?

Isanafike kujowina zolembedwa chofunika kudziwana kwambiri mokwanira ndi kuchuluka kwa malangizo zofunika za nkhani ya chikalata ndi mbiri kasamalidwe. malamulo awa - ndi ovuta ndiponso ali ambiri mfundo zosiyanasiyana ang'ono ndi zina zabwino. Kodi Betelehemu zikalata ngodya? Kuti muli mndandanda Ufumuyo? Ndingatani kusoka mlandu zikalata termoperepletnoy makina? Woyambitsa zachipembedzo ntchito nacho chinachake akumenyetsa mutu wake.

Pushover?

Koyamba, ndondomeko ya kulembetsa mlanduwo ndi kuika mu Archive wosavuta, koma mchitidwe limasonyeza zosiyana. Ngati kuphwanya ufulu wa malamulo a bungwe la ofesi adzakana kuvomereza malonda pepala, ndipo iwe umayenera kuyamba ntchito kachiwiri. Choncho ngati kwachitika mu moyo wanu, werengani nkhani - tidzayesetsa kuthetsa nkhani imeneyi.

zikalata chifukwa sutured? Kodi pali malangizo aliwonse umene njirayi ndi Lamulo? Inde, ndipo ali ambiri. Tikuyankhula makamaka za malangizo methodological pa kasamalidwe case, omwe anavomerezedwa mu December 2009, dongosolo la State Archive. Mu kukhota chachiwiri - pa GOST 51141, odzipatulira kwa Archive malonda ndi kasamalidwe ofesi ndipo munali matanthauzo zofunikira zonse ndi mawu. Komanso pali malamulo ena malamulo, chimene mtanda zogwirizana zolembedwa.

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi chivundikiro

Ngati zisudzo akuyamba ndi nyumba ya ndege, ndiye ndondomeko yathu - osati ndi chivundikirocho. Ndipo kusankha ndi makatoni "kutumphuka" - mmodzi wa ntchito koyamba mu ndondomeko ya "CD" kwa bukuli. Koyamba, inu sadzapeza kusiyana pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana alipo. Koma kuyang'ana kwambiri, inu mukumvetsa kuti chivundikiro ndi muyezo sanali muyezo, ndipo ntchito yosungirako yaitali.

Nthawi zambiri mukhoza kukumana muyezo chivundikiro mtundu 229h324 mm. Amanena milandu onse, nyemba kukula stapled mapepala. Ngati pazifukwa zina chikalata ali mwachilungamo yeniyeni ndi maonekedwe magawo, amafuna sanali muyezo kusintha chivundikirocho. Pitani asamathe maganizo anafotokoza zimene zikalata zasungidwa kwa zaka 25 kapena kuposa.

Chilamulo chimakwirira amenewa anapangidwa okha ku makatoni olimba chifukwa moyo kwambiri ntchito. Njira ayenera kumwedwa kusunga chikalata mtundu woyenera ndi woyeneradi ake ntchito pambuyo nthawi lalikulu la nthawi. Documents anafuna yoperekera mu State Archives, kusungidwa mu chivundikiro anapanga zinthu monga asidi-free makatoni.

Tiyeni tikambirane za chiwerengero cha mapepala

Musanayambe kupala olondola zikalata ulusi, zomwe zifunika zidzawonjezedwa mu ndondomeko yolondola. Ndiye analipo ndondomeko kuchitidwa ndi pensulo yosavuta ochiritsira. Ulamuliro waukulu ndi - ndi wowerengedwa mndandanda osati masamba chikalata. Arabic numeral affixed aliyense pepala mu ngodya chapamwamba bwino. Komanso, zizindikiro zathu safunika "kukwawa" pa lembalo. Ndi chiwerengero cha mapepala sizikhudza zikalata kulingalira.

Kodi subtleties kulili manambala a? Ngati chiwerengero cha zikalata lotayirira-tsamba monga kalata kapena ena otero, choyamba anafotokoza ndi envelopu, ndiyeno nkutembenuka - lililonse anapatsa mapepala ake. Ngati chiwerengero cha mayunitsi ukubwera - oposa 250, omwe anapangidwa kwa unagawanika mu mabuku angapo. Ndipo aliyense wa iwo ali ndi manambala yake.

Mkati zikalata malonda Archive mwina pano, amene yekha osiyana manambala awo tsamba Mwachitsanzo, buku la periodicals. Komabe, processing choncho yachokera, iwo anafotokoza Mwa ena, popanda kusokoneza ndondomeko.

Ngati mndandanda Mathithiŵa ndi mtundu waukulu, izo anaganiza kuti mukulitse ndi manambala mu ngodya pamwamba kumanja. Chidzapatsidwa kwaulere kupeza lembalo. Ngati aliyense mapepala ndi kuzilemba makombo a ndikosatheka alekane, onse a paketi ili analipo wina. Mu nkhani iyi, ndithu kulemba mndandanda wa aliyense zidutswa glued, ndiko kumbuyo kapena pa danga ufulu. Kumasonyeza chikalata kuzilemba wa chitsimikizo ayenera kulemba kapena mu zolemba za kufufuza okwana kusonyeza dzina. Nthawi zambiri ndalama awa macheke odzichitira pawokha, mawu kapena zithunzi.

Cholakwika kulewerana ndi mndandanda wa mapepala

Ngati pamene mu njira ya opaleshoni alola zolakwa si lalikulu kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, analilumpha awiri mapepala) mmalo mwa dongosolo lomenyera lonse kachiwiri renumbering akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito kalata chikhazikitso. Pankhaniyi, manambala pa mapepala ena sanasinthe. Kucotsa zolakwika ngati n'chotheka pa mgwirizano ndi ndodo Archive. Ngati kulakwa wapezeka aakulu, chikalata adzakhala owerengedwa kachiwiri. Manambala akale pamene kuwoloka monga mokoma monga zotheka ndi kukabweza atsopano. Mu nkhani iyi, kusinthidwa analipo kachiwiri ankati wa lolembedwa chitsimikizo.

Popanda kufufuza kwa inu mulibe archiving sadzailandira. mfundo izo, chifukwa cha dzina la bukuli, tsiku la zojambula, Zamkati ndi mwachindunji tebulo kusonyeza manambala siriyo mapepala, chiwerengero cha zolemba ndi (ngati n'koyenera). Anamaliza mfundo zonse za chiwerengero cha zikalata mu mawonekedwe a manambala, mawu lingafanane, ndiye onse countersigned ndi kalaliki ndi Dzina tsatanetsatane

Kodi kupala ndi zikalata ulusi

Popeza ndondomeko crosslinking awonetsetse kuti popanga zipangizo zonse ndi zipangizo mosavuta. Kuwonjezera malonda awo akusowa choboolera, singano, makatoni zolemba Kutengera ndi ulusi wapadera. Monga otsiriza kuwonjezera banki twayini, kwambiri kapena proshivnymi ulusi L-210. mtundu Last ntchito zosowa za ofesi zambiri.

Kumayambiriro kwa bukuli ndi kuchotsedwa tatifupi aliyense pepala kapena zinthu zina zitsulo, ndiye mapepala mlandu yosalala bwino okwana. Kumanzere m'munda danga atatu dzenje singano kapena choboolera. Kumene iwo pakati pa danga bwino ufulu anafuna kuti indentation kumanzere, mwachitsanzo, mtunda wa pafupifupi imodzi ndi theka masentimita. Ataona zimenezi n'kofunika - chifukwa mukatero pambuyo Kutengera zolembedwa iwo kudzakhala kovuta kuwerenga.

Nsonga mayiko

Ngati mabowo ali m'mphepete yosalala inu kwambiri, kutenga dzenje nkhonya. Koma kumbukirani kuti pepala kwambiri kuti "kwambiri amphamvu". Kuonetsetsa kuti mabowo onse atatu inali pa msinkhu uniformly ndi spaced padera pa mtunda wa pafupi 3 cm. Wapakati wa iwo atagwa pa pakati pa tsamba.

Pofuna kupewa kuwonongeka kwa pepala chivundikiro kugwa bizinesi kawirikawiri analimbikitsa kuika kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kung'anima kulimbikitsa makatoni n'kupanga. Kudzera adzakhululukidwa analilumpha ulusi. Normal kukula kwake - masentimita 70, koma pa nkhani iliyonse zimatengera pa makulidwe a okwana ya ..

Monga anamulasa dzenje 3

Pano pali nkhani za aligorivimu izi zikalata Kutengera. Choyamba, muvi ndi anadutsa pakati pa apertures, ndi kumbuyo mapeto a chingwe akhala. Adamtsata vdet pamwamba pa mabowo ake. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, onse malekezero a okwana ankaonetsa pa zolowa sewn mapepala. The singano ndi anakoka kupyolera pansi m'maenje ndi kujambula chingwe mbali yakutsogolo. Pamenepo sanatchule singano mu dzenje pakati. Choncho ulusi wathu kucheza kudzera mabowo zonse zofunikira, kenako malekezero onse ali yomatidwa kumbuyo kwa chikalata mfundo amphamvu. Anapitiriza malekezero kutalika za 5 cm.

Mwachindunji pa msonkhano ndi glued pepala ndi mawu a chitsimikizo. Pansipa ife tiyang'ana pa sayansi ya ulimi wake.

chikalata akhoza sewn ndi 4 mabowo. Kodi kuchita izo? Ndondomeko kumva. mabowo zinayi anakhomerera vertically symmetrically ndi makonzedwe pa olamulira wamba. Kusiya mchira ulusi kumbali kumbuyo kwa kutsegula choyamba, kuchititsa stitches fimuweya ndiye zingwe mfundo monga tafotokozazi. Fimuweya ayenera lingafanane kawiri pofuna durability ndi zoona.

wa lolembedwa chitsimikizo

Siteji yotsatira pambuyo manambala ndi fimuweya - yobweretsa zathu za lolembedwa chitsimikizo. Ndi chiyani icho? Izi mtengo kukula 4x6 masentimita ndi mawu akuti "kuziluka pamodzi ndi wowerengedwa mapepala ..." (chiwerengero chawo akusonyeza nambala, ndipo mawu). limapitiriza udindo wantchito, chonde kulembamo tsiku ndi siginecha munthu. Ngati mukufuna kuti asindikize chitsimikizo, ayenera kukumbukira. lolembedwa ndi glued pamwamba pa mfundo za womangidwa ife nsonga ya filaments yomwe mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala omasuka. Siginecha angabweretse kumapeto kwa ndondomeko, pamene guluu ndi wauma. Izi zachitika pofuna kuti kufalikira. Kusindikiza (ngati) mwamatapo mbali ya pepala gawo pa chizindikiro yokha.

Ndipo pokhapokha wamaliseche stitched, akwanira, losindikizidwa lalembedwa ndi chosindikizidwa, ungathe kutumizidwa kwa Archive lapansi.

Kumwa lolembedwa chitsimikizo ali ndi chibwana ndi tcheru. Zinali iye - zalembedwa umboni mlanduwo chitetezo chokwanira. Ngati kuphwanya umphumphu kapena kulembamo kukondera sangakhoze analandira ulamuliro matupi kapena vuto lake kukhoti.

Kodi ndi chifukwa angaŵile

Ndi kuvomerezedwa zikalata zonse stapled, chifukwa amaloledwa mu nkhokwe kapena chilichonse cha matupi anayendera umene akuluakulu msonkho, thumba penshioni ndi ambiri. Inu simungakhoze kutenga kumbuyo zikalata glued kapena stapled ntchito stapler. Monga tanenera kale, mu nkhani ya Kuthi sanali kuvomereza izo chabe sadzavomereza.

njira zimenezi ndi nkhani makamaka zikalata ndiwe wa anthu ogwira ntchito ndipo ndalama. Amene anamaliza processing wa chaka chimodzi tidzakwatulidwa waikamo mu nkhokwe ya gulu kapena ntchito. The wapadera mabungwe archival kufalitsa nkhani ndi nthawi yapita malamulo posungira. Amaonekera mwa lamulo, malingana ndi mtundu wa chikalata. Mwachitsanzo, zaka zosachepera 75 zifunika kusunga malipoti notarial, mabuku ndi makalata a nkhani zachuma a ogwira zambiri.

Alumali moyo zithunzi kapangidwe ndi laling'ono kwambiri - ndi zaka 20 zokha. Photo zolembedwa anapanga kusamalira zaka 5. mabungwe a archival tidzakwatulidwa anakaika pa nkhani ya mabizinezi onse a boma ndi ena. Ntchito zisudzo aliyense sanali boma - kuganiza ndi utumiki Federal archival ya mgwirizano uno.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti ufulu fimuweya chikalata ali wantchito mmodzi, amene ali ndi udindo uwu sizinatchulidwe ku malongosoledwe ntchito. Pankhani ya chikalata otsika kwambiri pawiri muli ziletso, makamaka pa nkhani ya kusintha kapena kupanda masamba ena ofunika.

Tiyeni tionenso luso binder

Pamwambapa anafotokoza mtanda yolumikiza njira yabwino kwa onse kubwerera ndipo anayendera msonkho. Koma Kutengera zolembedwa mlandu, kusungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali (zaka 10) akhale pacimake - zambiri pa 5 mabowo. Ya chitsimikizo lolembedwa amapangidwa pa pepala lapadera minofu, kuti kuoneka bwino mtengo ili pansi wagawo ndi palibe chikaiko kukhulupirika kwa bukuli.

Ngati zikhalidwe za ofesi dzenje nkhonya ochiritsira malo Punchers, ndiye, ngati n'koyenera, kuti apereke mabuku akuluakulu a zikalata pepala (mwachitsanzo, yosindikiza) ntchito zida akatswiri mu mawonekedwe a makina pobowola kapena makina kumangako. zimagwirira amenewa ndi mphamvu kwambiri ndipo angathe kapena dzanja opareshoni, ndipo akukonzani ndi galimoto magetsi.

limagwirira makina

Chifukwa cha kachitidwe kapena makina - njira tingachipeze powerenga za ntchito akasupe. Chotero makina yopanga mabuku ndi okonzeka ndi chipangizo kwa perforation lapansi. limagwirira wina wa chikalata pa skewer kasupe wa pulasitiki, pambuyo pake pamwamba ndi pansi pa wagawo anawonjezera makatoni kapena chimakwirira pulasitiki.

The mwayi kumanga Makina kuthekera ogwirizana zikalata lalikulu kwambiri. The makulidwe a chipika n'kutheka kuti tsamba 500. Komanso - luso kuchotsa kapena yothandiza masamba ndi mapepala kale womangidwa chikalata. The kuipa ali aakulu kwambiri, ndi zovuta si mkulu mphamvu.

Ngati yopanga mabuku makina zolemba Kutengera okonzeka ndi zitsulo akasupe, amene anapereka kwa sitepe zina ndi anakhomerera mabowo, motero, kwa iwo, pepala midadada ali wolema pa zitsulo kusintha masika, limene wothinikizidwa ndi zokhoma. Ubwino zida ndi zitsulo akasupe - zambiri zooneka komaliza mawonekedwe ndi bwino kudalirika poyerekeza ndi kumanga kwa akasupe pulasitiki. Koma nthawi yomweyo amaika kapena kuchotsa mapepala popanda kuwononga zosatheka.

Kuwonjezera pa masika, pali zipangizo zikugwira ntchito pa mfundo za kumangako ku chisa pulasitiki, amene mano azipiringa. Pali kulitsatira mwauzimu, ndi bwino kuti ife pa desiki kalendala, m'mabuku ndi zolemba. Pambuyo atangomva obowoka chilonda mwauzimu (3-4 akutembenukira pamanja, ndi zina basi).

Bwino Kodi chilili

Kodi matenthedwe kumangako? Ndi makina amakono zolemba Kutengera, zimenezi mwamsanga ndipo awo mogwirizana sanali detachable. Ndi makina termoperepletnyh kukwanitsa ambiri zipangizo, komanso akatunge makope. zosinthika Izi makamaka yabwino anatumizidwa malipoti zosiyanasiyana ndi zipangizo malonda.

Ntchito makina a mtundu uwu ntchito ya kumanga termokoreshkov ndi termooblozhek ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe. Malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa mapepala anasankha nkhani termooblozhka ndi makulidwe ena, ndiye tonse palimodzi anaikidwa makina. The mbali lamkati la chivundikiro mapeto kufwanyulira wosanjikiza zomatira polymeric. makina amaperekedwa ndi chinthu Kutentha ndi amene polima isungunuke ndi mapepala onse munasindikizidwa mu wosanjikiza otentha.