Kumene amagwiritsira ntchito galimoto yamagetsi - zitsanzo. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a magetsi

Magetsi amagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kukhala magetsi. Zimapangidwa ndi stator (kapena zida) ndi rotor. Chipangizo choterechi chafala kwambiri m'mbali zonse za moyo. Chifukwa cha magetsi ogwiritsira ntchito magetsi kunali kotheka kubwezeretsa m'malo ambiri ntchito ya munthu ndi ntchito ya makina. Tiyeni tiganizire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto ndikupeza komwe magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito (onani zitsanzo pansipa).

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Magetsi oyendetsa magetsi amakonzedwa mophweka. Zimachokera pa mfundo yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi. Kuikapo kumaphatikizapo gawo lokhazikika - stator yomwe imapangidwira motengera zamakono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga synchronous ndi mtundu wa asynchronous kapena inductor (wa DC motor), komanso rotor, mwachitsanzo, gawo loyendetsa ma synchronous ndi asynchronous types, kapena chida cha zipangizo za DC.

Ma rotors akhoza kukhala ochepa (monga ngwewegolo) ndi gawo ndi mphepo (njira ya contact mphete). Milandu yomwe mtundu wotsiriza wamagalimoto umagwiritsidwira ntchito umagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamtundu wofanana wa kuchepetsa ndi kuyendetsa msanga.

Gawo losunthira mu chipangizo cha DC kapena likugwiritsira ntchito mfundo imeneyi mu chilengedwe chonse chimatchedwa nanga. Chida choyendetsa dziko lonse lapansi ndipamtunda wamakono wamakono omwe ali ndi chisangalalo chochuluka, ndiko kuti, mndandanda wothandizira zankhondo ndi zowomba. Palibenso njira yothandizira kuchitapo kanthu pakali pano. Choncho, ngati mutachotsa magetsi kuchokera ku bulgark, idzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito, makamaka ngati magetsi amachepa ndi omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse.

AC Motors

Zida zomwe zili pansi pano ndi AC ndi DC. M'madera onse kumene magetsi amagwiritsiridwa ntchito, nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yotsatila. Galimotoyi ili ndi ntchito yosavuta komanso imakhala yosavuta kugwira ntchito. Vuto lokhalo lalikulu ndilo liwiro losalamulirika la kasinthasintha.

Magetsi a magetsi amatha kukhala ndi gawo limodzi kapena angapo. Zipangizo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi oyendetsa magetsi ndizo makina omwe sasowa kusintha mofulumira. Iwo akhoza kukhala ndi cholinga chosiyana (makina osokoneza, mapampu, makina opangira matabwa ndi zina zotero). Mphamvu zawo zimachokera ku magawo awiri a magawo khumi mpaka khumi ndi awiri ndi kilowatts.

Direct Current Motors

Magetsi a DC DC akhoza kukhala ndi mgwirizano wofanana ndi wosakanikirana wa stator ndi zitsulo zamagetsi. Ubwino wawo ndi chakuti sungatheke kwa mtundu wakalewu: ndi kukhoza kuyendetsa liwiro lozungulira. Komabe, kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu ndikofunikira pakugwira ntchito.

Magalimoto oterewa ndi osasamala komanso osonkhanitsa.

Ntchentche, kapena valavu - ndi magalimoto omwe amagwira ntchito yotsekedwa ndi sensa yomwe imayambitsa kayendedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.

Magalimoto osungira akhoza kukhala osangalala (kufanana, mndandanda ndi zosakaniza) ndi chisangalalo chodziimira.

Zipangizo zomwe amagwiritsira ntchito DC motors, mwachitsanzo, magalimoto amagetsi ndi makina osiyanasiyana omanga.

Mawonedwe osakanikirana

Galimoto yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito katatu. Pachifukwa ichi, maginito ozungulira amalowa m'mphepete mwawombera, yomwe imayambitsa pakali pano. Zimatchedwa kuti zowonongeka chifukwa kuyendayenda kwa rotor sikufanana ndi kuyendayenda kwa maginito stator.

Kugwiritsira ntchito magetsi a magetsi a mtundu wa asynchronous ndi wamba m'magulu ambiri a sayansi, zipangizo zam'nyumba (mafakitale, makina ochapa, ma air conditioners), m'makampani, mwachitsanzo, mu matabwa ndi zitsulo, komanso mu nsalu. Amagwira ntchito mwakhama kuposa mitundu ina, ndi yotchipa komanso yosavuta kugwira ntchito.

Mawonedwe ofanana

Magalimoto a synchronous ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri ozungulira, kumene gawo ili likuyimiridwa ndi magetsi kapena maginito osatha. Nthaŵi zambiri zowonongeka pankhaniyi ya maginito stator zimagwirizana ndifupipafupi.

Mitundu yamagetsi ya magetsi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popopera malo, ngati kuli kotheka, kubwezeretsa mphamvu zowonongeka, komanso nthawi zina.

Mitundu ya mibadwo ya torque

Malinga ndi momwe nyani imaonekera, magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhala hysteresis ndi magnetoelectric.

Ambiri mwa mafakitale achikhalidwe ndi magetsi a magetsi a mtundu wa magnetoelectric. Zingakhale zomangika nthawi zonse, komanso zotsatizana. Palinso injini zonse.

Koma malonda omwe amagwiritsira ntchito magetsi a magetsi a hysteresis, simungatchule kuti akufala. Kawirikawiri, zipangizo zoterezi ndizosavomerezeka ndipo sizimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani. Zambiri mwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzojambulajambula, zowerengera nthawi, komanso mu zipangizo zojambula ndi zithunzi.

Mitundu yonse ya mtundu wa osonkhanitsa

Kodi magalimoto opangira magetsi a mtundu wonse amagwiritsidwa ntchito pati? Popanda iwo, mafakitale ndi zipangizo zam'nyumba, monga mafani, juicers, akupera nyama, oyeretsa, mafiriji, ndi zina zotero, sizigwira ntchito. Zimagwira ntchito zonse kuchokera pa intaneti pakali pano ya zana limodzi ndi khumi ndi makumi awiri ndi makumi awiri volts, ndipo kuchokera ku makina opatsiranawo mpaka 127 ndi 220 volts.

Makonzedwe a magalimoto oterewa ali ofanana ndi magalimoto a bipolar DC okhala ndi mndandanda wamakono.

Pano, nangula amachokera ku chitsulo chamagetsi , komanso phokoso ndi goli, ndiko kuti, mbali imodzi ya maginito.

Kuthamanga kokondweretsa kungagwirizane ndi mbali imodzi kapena mbali inayo ya zida. Chifukwa cha ichi, chisokonezo cha wailesi chomwe chimayambitsidwa ndi magalimoto chikuchepetsedwa. Kuthamanga komweko kwa nthawi zonse ndi kusinthasintha pakali pano kumapindula poyambitsa kukondweretsa ndi nthambi. Kusiyana kokha ndiko kuti ndi makanema a DC, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwathunthu, ndipo pokhapokha pokhapokha kuchokera pakalipano.

Nthawi yoyendayenda imapezeka mwa kugwirizana kwa zamakono ndi maginito okhutira.

Magalimoto oterewa ali ndi mphamvu ya Watts asanu ndi asanu okha (koma nthawi zina, mwazida zamagetsi, kufika mazana asanu ndi atatu watts), komanso maulendo oyendayenda kuchokera pa zikwi ziwiri zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri mpaka makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu mphambu zisanu ndi ziwiri. Popeza mazira oyambira ndi ochepa, ndiye kuti kuyambira koyambirira sikufunika. Chiwerengero chocheperapo cha mapepala pa zochitika zonse zapadziko lonse ndi zinayi. Mwa izi, ziwiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kugwirizanitsa ku intaneti ya DC, ndipo ena awiri ndi AC. Ndipo pamapeto pake, mphamvu ya injini idzakhala yotsika chifukwa cha magetsi akuluakulu komanso maginito. Nthawi yotsatila idzawonongedwa kuposa nthawi zonse, popeza ilibe gawo lokhazikika, komanso lokhazikika.

Liwiro lingasinthidwe, mwachitsanzo, ndi kusintha kosinthika kapena rheostat.

Pezani mwamsanga njira yabwino

Zikuonekeratu kuti pali malo ambiri kumene magetsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

195 3730.12.40 ndi chitsanzo cha nambala kuti mudziwe njira inayake, komanso miyeso yake.

Poona kuti zitsanzo za zipangizozi ndi zazikulu, komanso zosiyana siyana, ndi zovuta kwambiri kupeza zofunika. Chigawo ichi chimachepetsa kwambiri kupeza njira yabwino yogwiritsira ntchito magetsi.