Kulanda Nkhani ya Code Wachifwamba

Kulanda (Nkhani zidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzochita phunziro) ndi lamulo la munthu kapena bungwe kuchita zinthu zina pangozi mwa mavuto thupi iwo, khalidwe la chuma kapena zonama zambiri kufalikira, yomwe INGATHE kuyambitsa kuvulaza, amene akaonekere ndi lamulo limeneli. Mu ambiri limati ndi upandu, atavala chikhalidwe chigawenga, koma dziko lili ndi milingo yake ya milandu chigawenga ndi chiphunzitso chake kuchita khalidwe odana ndi chikhalidwe.

Poganizira Russian malamulo a boma, tisaiwale kuti kulanda (Article 163 la Code Wachifwamba) adzalangidwa ndi Kulekezera ndi ufulu wa munthu chifukwa munthu pazipita zaka zinayi (Pankhaniyi akhoza kulipitsidwa kuchuluka kwa malipiro mkaidi) kapena ntchito pa maziko oumiriza ndi kwa nthawi ya zaka zinayi (nthawi yomweyo ufulu akhoza yoletsedwa kwa zaka ziwiri), kapena kumangidwa kwa miyezi sikisi.

Komanso, nkhani kulanda kumafuna kuletsa ufulu kwa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, pa nthawi yomweyo chidzankhalira pa mlingo malipiro munthu amalipira kwa zaka zitatu zapitazi, ngati mchitidwe chigawenga chidaperekedwa ndi gulu la anthu chiwembu isanafike okhaokha, ngati iyi inali ntchito chiwawa kapena zinachitika kulanda mwaunyinji.

Chilango cha upandu m'ndende kwa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chilango pa mtengo malipiro mkaidi pa zaka zisanu zapitazi imathandizanso mlandu kulanda kuti apeze chuma mwaunyinji, kapena pamene chinaperekedwa zoipa manda munthu, ufulu zathanzi akhala linaphwanya .

Palinso ayenera mwachindunji kuti kulanda (Article 156 la Code Wachifwamba), Malipilo oletsedwa ndi munthu dala zinthu chipinda pansi adutsepo ndalama zolowera oletsedwa pofuna kupewa zotsatira zoipa.

Tikumbukenso kuti kwa individualization zochita chigawenga ndi kulanda ayenera kulabadira magawo awiri: pa anthu, amene anatsagana ndi kuwaopseza, komanso kulanda katundu chogwirika ndi kukhwimitsa zonena za olanda. Mwachitsanzo, mu nkhani ya kupeza chuma m'tsogolo, tikhoza kunena kuti apa pali kulanda (Nkhani amene amathandiza mundende ya zaka zinayi), ndipo ngati pakufunika ntchito ziyenera kuperekedwa nthawi yomweyo, m'pofunika kulankhula za kuba kapena kuba.

Choncho ife anamanga dongosolo lokhazikika kudziwa kulanda. Ndi apa kuti payenera kukhala lamulo ndi kuphedwa kwake mwamsanga mwambo kuopseza m'tsogolo, ndi wovulalayo wopalamulayo kutsatira malangizo alionse, kapena chofunika kuopsezedwa ndi dongosolo la ntchito zake m'tsogolo.

Kuti adzimvera, ziyenera ananena kuti pali nkhani (kulanda ndi chilango cha izo) mu Code Wachifwamba, zomwe kwathunthu limasonyeza nkhani yokhudza chokhumudwitsa chigawenga ndipo ziletso ndi operekedwawo. Nthawi zonse muyenera kukumbukira kuti upandu uliwonse sakhala angawauze.