Kodi ndindalama Amber? Zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa Amber

Ngati akatswiri mu msika wa zodzikongoletsera kunena, Amber mtengo pa gram zisakuyenda chawonjezeka kangapo. Mwa zifukwa zofunika kwambiri nthawi otchedwa kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu kufunika kwa zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa "mwala dzuwa" mu China, okhoza "kuyamwa" zinthu zonse za mtundu limeneli likupezeka Europe ndi ku Russia. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ogula zoweta akhala kwambiri kusankha, ndipo nthawi zambiri amakonda mikanda kapena mphete, ndolo, pakhosi zosonyeza, zokometsera zomanga ndi zibangili zopangidwa pakati Amber yaiwisi kapena mkulu kalasi.

Funani ndi kuwonjezeka mitengo mankhwala amenewa kwachititsa chakuti msika anayamba kukumana chinyengo zoumba utomoni unayambira. Kupewa kukhala kapolo wa chinyengo, chonde kuwerenga nkhaniyi kuti mudziwe mtengo wa Amber mu msika ritelo pa mphindi.

mitundu

Ndiyeno, kodi ndizingati Amber, malingana ndi mtundu wake. Makamaka, pa mphindi yotsatira malasha imeneyi resins ntchito kupanga miyala yamtengo wapatali kachikumbutso:

• Batter - ndi mandala Amber ndi mtundu ku woderapo pafupifupi colorless.
• Translucent (wautsi) mpukutu malasha resins imene, pamodzi ndi lumen mandala, pano opepuka turbidity chifukwa kukhalapo kwa mpweya thovu. Iye kawirikawiri ali ndi mtundu mu mithunzi yosiyanasiyana ya chikasu. Ndi zina ofiira ndi ngakhale buluu.
• Chitsiru - sing'anga Amber mandala, inhomogeneous chikasu ndi mawanga mdima.

Ambroid

Kuwonjezera machitidwe Amber zachilengedwe, pali yokumba, akamagwira kukanikiza makombo ang'ono. Limatchedwanso ambroidom, ndi zambiri pa maalumali masitolo zodzikongoletsera mungapeze zodzikongoletsera opangidwa ndi nsalu yokumba yokongola. Pakuti tating'ono ting'ono mbamuikha Amber malasha resins ndi pansi mu ufa ndi mkangano popanda mwayi wa mpweya. Kenako, anawamvera ndi atolankhani wapadera ndi pa kutentha pansi kuthamanga ndi n'kukhala misa viscous. Ndiye unafalikira mu mawonekedwe ankafunila ndi kasinthidwe ambroid analandira amene pambuyo kupukuta angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga miyala yamtengo wapatali. Kusiyanitsa kwa zachilengedwe mbamuikha Amber ndi wosavuta. Kuti tichite zimenezi, muyenera kuika padziko dontho la efa, limene Amber zachilengedwe sati anakhudzidwa ndi lidzadzala ndi extruded zomatira filimu. Komanso akatswiri akhoza kudziwa chinyengo ngakhale kuyendera zithunzi komanso zitsanzo yokumba kuyang'ana ngati "patchwork zoyala." Musanapemphe wogulitsa mochuluka bwanji ndi ofunika Amber, kufunsa ngati kuli zachilengedwe kapena wakhala analandira kudzera yokumba.

copal

Pogula zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa Amber zosavuta kuti kukhala kapolo wa chinyengo. Mwachitsanzo, pansi pa amati ndi masoka kukumba mukhoza kugulitsa. Iye ndi utomoni, omwe ali ndi zaka zikwi zingapo, pamene zaka ichi - osachepera angapo miliyoni. Asankhe yabodza zokwanira adzagwa padziko Amber dontho la mowa. Ngati zili zoona, ndiye sakhala kuda aliyense, ndipo Kopal wodetsedwa, kapena padziko amakhala povutirapo.

Zingati Amber

Nthawi zambiri ntchito mu zidutswa miyala yamtengo wapatali ankachitira malasha resins kukula 11,5-16 mm. Ngati tikambirana ulemerero wa Amber yekha, mwachitsanzo kusalaza kapena faceted mikanda kapena zibangili, mtengo ritelo iwo ali pakati pa 10 ndi 30 madola US pa gram.

Amber yekha

Mitundu yaikulu zidutswa malasha utomoni ndi madontho, stalactites ndi incrustations wa mosiyanasiyana. Kwakukulu kukula, ndi apamwamba phindu, chito kuti ndi wofunika mawonekedwe olondola. Nthawi zambiri, Amber limeneli okhometsa. Pankhaniyi, mtengo malire chapamwamba kulibe, ndipo nthawi zambiri akagulitsa pa ena amagulitsa nsombazo.

kulolerana

Njira chidwi kwambiri ndi Amber kulolerana. Iwo akuyimira zidutswa utomoni malasha particles nyama ndi zomera mbiri isanayambe, ndipo chiwerengero chawo mu buku okwana Amber ndi 10 okha%. Monga inclusions akhoza kuchita monga zidutswa za masamba ndi maluwa, ndi tizilombo lonse kapena achule ngakhale kakang'ono ndi zokwawa za thupi mitundu yaitali zinatha pa dziko. Pa nkhani imeneyi, yankho lomveka ku funso mmene ndalama Amber mtundu wa kulolerana kulibe. Ngati tikambirana mtengo wa chidutswa wokwanira utomoni ndi tizilombo osowa mkati, chifukwa kupeza zosowa zake kulipira madola 350 mpaka 700 pa gram. Pankhani kulolerana, osati chidwi okhometsa, mtengo kuchita masamu mfundo zotsatirazi: Amber ndi kulolerana wa mtengo kasanu mtengo kuposa chidutswa ochiritsira kukula izi. Poganizira, tiyenera kusamala ndi kukhala osamala ngati mumapereka kulolerana gulugufe kapena Chikumbu mu pa khobiri. Ambiri mwina, ichi ndi wosazindikira chinyengo, ambiri alibe poyerekezera Amber izi.

Zodzikongoletsera zopangidwa Amber: mikanda

Ambiri zambiri ankachitira malasha utomoni ntchito popanga mikanda. Chotero mankhwala Amber akazi, komanso m'mayiko ena, ndi anthu anali ku nthawi ya mbiri isanayambe. More amafuna mikanda, amene 50 kapena kuposerapo. mfundo ndi yakuti yaitali malasha utomoni ndi mu dzuwa, owala kumakhaladi. Komanso, zimadalira njira ndi khalidwe la mankhwala, komanso kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mikanda.

Zamgululi siliva ndi golide-lathuli fakitale, zopangidwa ndi kuponyera

Kwambiri zodzikongoletsera otchuka zopangidwa Amber, pamene chimango wapangidwa wa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Anthu yotsika mtengo akuponyedwa siliva zodzikongoletsera kabashonami a utomoni unayambira. Iwo tating'ono ting'ono kwambiri Amber kupukutidwa kuti kutsogolo padziko amakhala otukukira kunja, ndi kukukuta kumbuyo kuti lathyathyathya preveraschaetsya. Mu kupanga zodzikongoletsera amenewa amagwiritsa osachepera ntchito yamanja. Iwo amatuluka mu magulu lalikulu la ndalama mazana angapo ali pakati zodzikongoletsera ndi wotchipa. Makamaka, mtengo ritelo ya zodzikometsera aloyi zopangidwa Amber ndi siliva pa nthawi ino ndi 4.5-7.5 yekha madola US pa gram.

m'nyumba zodzikongoletsera

chokha chachikulu Amber cabochons wabwino ntchito kupanga zodzikongoletsera amenewa. Pankhaniyi, ntchito zonse anagubuduza mpaka chitsulo chabwinocho kupukuta izo pamanja. Mtengo ritelo mankhwala ofanana kuchokera Amber, ngati m'mphepete ankagwiritsa ntchito siliva ranges ku madola 7.5-12 pa gram. Ngati tikulankhula mphete, zibangili, pakhosi zosonyeza kapena ndolo ndi inclusions, malingana m'chipani phindu zodzikongoletsera dzina lake mu nthawi zoposa 5-10.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe mtundu Amber. Price zokongoletsera kuchokera mu zaka zaposachedwapa ikukula, kotero lero amaonedwa yapamwamba namfunsa mphatso.