Kodi Gagarin ankathawa unatha? Tsatanetsatane Gagarin ndi danga ndege

Yuriya Gagarina ndege ku malo anakhala chochitika chachikulu cha anthu onse. Dzina la wokayenda pamwezi woyamba m'mbiri ya dziko wakhala. Mfundo za ulendo woyamba danga, zoopsa zimene adzakumane awononge munthu mu malo unexplored wa chilengedwe chonse, adzaphunzilanso pa nkhani imeneyi.

Cholinga cha ndege

Pa ndege yoyamba pa spacecraft ndi "Vostok" Gagarin amayenera kupanga zisinthe munthu padziko lapansi. Flight okwera akhale makilomita 180-230, nthawi - mphindi 80. Pa zakuthambo wokayenda pamwezi kuyenda kunali kofunika kudziwa mmene munthu akuona mu malo mwapadera sitima yake, kuunikira ntchito a machitidwe onse, ndege, onani kugwirizana kwa Earth. Gagarin amayenera kuonetsetsa kuti njira n'kupeza cosmonaut ndipo ngalawa ndi otetezeka ndi odalirika. Kodi Gagarin ankathawa unatha? Limeneli muphunzira ndi kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

kuopsa zotheka

USSR nawo malo mpikisano. Akuti mu 1961 (20 April), Achimereka kukonzekera kutumiza munthu mu mlengalenga. Choncho, kusankha amene adzakhala wokayenda pamwezi woyamba, anatengedwa mofulumira kwambiri. Pa msonkhano wa Civil Code anavomereza candidacy wa Yuri Gagarin, understudy wake anakhala German Titov. Sitimayo "East" ndipo analengedwa mu nthawi yochepa. zida ndege wakhala wosalira kwambiri. Okonza ayenera kupereka nsembe kachitidwe ngalawa ndi ndegeyo zofewa, ndi opulumutsa mwadzidzidzi poyamba. Komanso chombo chidali palibe kumbuyo mmwamba braking dongosolo. njira ankawalangiza chifukwa chakuti pa pang'onopang'ono kanjira spacecraft kutali ndi trajectories ndi kugwa ku Earth lokha chifukwa zifukwa zachilengedwe - pa braking wa m'mwamba. ndondomeko lino, monga kuwerengetsera a akatswiri, amayenera kutenga masiku khumi. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kachitidwe moyo thandizo anali masamu. Mmene malo ochuluka ndege Gagarin inatenga kwenikweni - pa.

poyambira

The Launch wa spacecraft "Vostok" chinapangidwa pa 09:07 Moscow nthawi, mu 1961, pa April 12, ndi ya Baikonur cosmodrome. Pa bolodi ndegeyo anali Gagarin - woyendetsa-cosmonaut, amene anaganiza kuti akagonjetse m'mlengalenga, ngakhale chiopsezo zotheka kuti moyo ndi thanzi. Isanayambe Yuri anati, wakhala lodziwika bwino akuti: "Tiyeni tipite!" "East" wagwira ntchito mogwira mtima, koma gawo lotsiriza la dongosolo wailesi kulamulira ali adakana, kotero wachitatu siteji injini shutdown zinachitika chombo chidali danga. Kutalika leni wa mpita umene anayamba kulimbikitsa spacecraft kuposa pafupifupi 100 Km. Malinga ndi kafukufuku declassified, magawo ake anali 327h180 Km. Ngati sitima braking dongosolo sichitha, ndiye mchikakamizo cha makina m'mlengalenga kubwerera ku Earth kwa masiku 20 mpaka 50. Izi chikanakhala kuphedwa wokayenda pamwezi. About angati inatenga Gagarin ankathawa panopa kudziwika kwa aliyense. Mwamwayi, Yuri ulendo inatha bwinobwino.

mu kanjira

Pa tsiku lomwelo, dziko lonse aphunzira mmene mphindi zambiri unatha ndege ya Gagarin - cosmonaut mkati mwa chombo "Vostok" mphindi 108. nthawi yonseyi, Yuri imachitika zatsopano losavuta: kumwa, kudya, anayesetsa kulemba. kuyesa Gagarin ndi kuika pensulo Womutsatira kwachititsa chakuti nthawi yomweyo m'chombo. Cosmonaut anapeza kuti zinthu zofunika danga muyenera kumumanga. kuzipenya ake onse Yuri olembedwa pa tepi. Popeza chisanadze ndege asayansi sanaidziwe mmene khola adzakhala psyche anthu danga, mphamvu ya kutali chombo watsekedwa. Achinsinsi ndi mu envelopu wapadera kuti Gagarin amayenera kutsegula mu kanjira. Malinga ndi nthano, wokondedwa kuphatikiza manambala (125) komanso anthu ena anauza Yura pamaso ndege.

chosayenerera iliyonse

Kodi Gagarin ankathawa unatha? Iye akanakhoza kukhala lalifupi kwambiri ndipo zinatha imfa ya cosmonaut poyamba, chifukwa ankafika Sitimayo chimodzimodzi oopsa kuposa akuthamanga. dongosolo braking anamanga Isayev, wakhala akuweta chilema yaing'ono. Makinawa kulekana makontena si unachitikira, umene kutsogolo kwa zigawo chapamwamba za m'mlengalenga spacecraft mosintha kuwinduka uku pa liwiro la 1 zisinthe pa mphindi. Gagarin sanataye kukakumana ndi anati kwa Earth pa nkhaniyi pangozi mawu makonzedwe. Mwamwayi, zingwe zipangizo ndi zosagwiritsa chipinda watentha zigawo lolemererapo wa mlengalenga, ndipo anasiya kuchokera m`chombo. Komanso ankafika zida unachitikira mu mode womasuka kwambiri. Zingati unatha ndege Yuriya Gagarina? mphindi 108, ndipo kodi zinthu zambiri zachitika izi nthawi yochepa!

zimamuchulukira

Zinafika "Vostok", komanso makina ena onse a m'kalasi lomwelo, anatenga malo pamodzi ndi njira yodutsamo ballistic. Zimenezi zinatanthauza kuti ndegeyo wokayenda pamwezi anamva tenfold zimamuchulukira. Yuri kukonzekera mayeso ino, ndipo anatsutsana izo. Mmene unatha ndege ya Gagarin, lomwe asayansi ndi akatswiri zokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa munthu woyamba danga, chifukwa chotsatira sitima pompopompo. Komabe, ndi chodziwikiratu kuti wokayenda pamwezi anatha amatsatira njira. Psychological nkhawa anali zambiri thupi. Utatha chombo mu sheathing m'mlengalenga zitsulo wayamba kusungunula atadziŵa kutentha, ukulu imene kuchuluka kwa madigiri 3-5 zikwi. Mitsinje achitsulo ikutuluka pa mawindo galasi. chombo kanyumba pena ankavuta kumva siteshoniyo tsoka. Kuchirikiza katundu pa psyche anali kovuta ngakhale okonzekera wokayenda pamwezi aliyense mapeto. N'zochititsa chidwi dzanja muchiwone Gagarin ndege ulemu amathandiza kuchulukana, ndipo nthawi ntchito pa ulendo wonse.

Mwakhama ankafika

Pambuyo "East" pansi pa mlingo wa makilomita asanu pamwamba pa Dziko Lapansi, Gagarin ejected. The kapisozi ndi wokayenda pamwezi anayamba kutsikira pansi payokha, aliyense parachuti wake. Mu spacesuit airtight mwamtheradi sizinayende anaulula breather. Cosmonaut pafupi kufa. Chiyeso chomaliza anali kuopseza kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu malire achisanu wa Volga. Mwaluso zikugwira gulaye, Gagarin anatha kupewa msampha umenewu. Anakapezeka ndi makilomita angapo kuchokera m'mphepete mwa mtsinjewo.

Kukwaniritsa pa Dziko Lapansi

Ndi angati inatenga Gagarin ankathawa mu mlengalenga, salinso chofunika. Zikomo mtima kwawo, kupirira zosaneneka ndi chifuniro cha kupambana wokayenda pamwezi muyaya okhala dzina lake mu masamba a mbiriyakale dziko. Ntchito chinakwaniritsidwa. Wofufuzayo loyamba danga anali compatriot wathu, Yuriy Alekseevich Gagarin. Ndipo chochitika sitingalephere kukambapo. Chifukwa malfunctioning ananyema zosagwiritsa ankafika zinachitika osati m'dera wopita, pafupi Stalingrad, ndi m'dera Saratov mu Chichewa mzinda pamalo. Malinga ndi Baibulo boma Poyamba chomenya Gagarin VG Sapeltsev ndi kukumana ndi kupulumutsa wokayenda pamwezi woyamba mu unit yapafupi asilikali Major A. N. Gassiev. Komabe, malinga ndi zina, oyamba ndinakonza Yuri pambuyo ankafika, anali Anna, mkazi wa nkhalango, ndipo mdzukulu wake Margarita. Pambuyo pake powonekera anafika okhala asilikali ndi makonsolo. Gagarin anam'tengera unit asilikali, kumene cosmonaut woyambayo anakauza mkulu wa mpweya chitetezo ntchito bwinobwino.

Ulemerero kwa ngwazi za!

Yuri Gagarin anakhala munthu chizindikiro kuti chinthu choyamba mu expanses uncharted wa chilengedwe chonse. Izo ziri zodziwika bwino kuti anatera danga mkulu woyamba, ndipo tidakocheza lalikulu. Pa Russian munthu wophweka anagwa mitundu yonse ya mphatso ndi mphoto. British Mfumukazi anamutcha palibe munthu lapansi, "kumwamba" ndipo mosemphana ulemu, kujambulidwa naye. Sunny kumwetulira Gagarin wakhala chizindikiro chenicheni. Yuri zidakali otchuka. ft wake yasonyeza dziko chomwe Russian munthu. Ndipo tsopano ife tiri onyada kuti compatriot wathu anapanga ndege yoyamba mu mlengalenga. Zikho Gold. Gagarin ndi amaitcha kuti chombo ndi opita, amene achititsa kuti kufufuza malo. Federal Space Agency wakhazikitsa wapadera mphoto - chizindikiro cha Gagarin. Dzina la cosmonaut choyamba wotchedwa ambiri m'madera zigawo, misewu, boulevards, njira. Gzhatsk, kumene ubwana Yuri a, anadzatchedwa Gagarin. Yaitali bwanji zinatha Gagarin a ndege, amadziwika pa dziko lonse lapansi. dzina wokayenda pamwezi a akubwerezedwa mu zinenero zosiyana ndi kunyada ndi kuzizwa.