Katima UAZ 300: malingaliro

Galimoto yopanga chuma ndi ntchito zamagetsi UAZ 300 ndi galimoto yatsopano pambuyo pa nkhondo yopangidwa ndi Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant mu 1949 monga chitsanzo chodziŵika ndi chodalirika. Kuchokera kwa anthu ena a ku Soviet, iye ankadziwika ndi mawonekedwe osangalatsa ndi olondola a nyumbayo, mawonekedwe oyambirira ndi kusungidwa kwa mapiko ndi mapiko.

Zambiri zadzidzidzi

Mulimonsemo, galimotoyo inamalizidwa ndi zomwe zinalembedwa ndi makampani a Soviet panthawiyo. Chotsatira chake, galimoto ya mapangidwe atsopanowa anali ndi mafuta a magetsi anayi, mphamvu ya mahatchi 50 ndi bokosi lamagetsi anayi, omwe adalandira kuchokera ku GAZ.

Zochitika zakale

Nkhondoyo itatha, ntchito zamakampani zinkachitika mwakhama ku USSR, magalimoto ankafunika kuti azisamutsa katundu wambiri, zida zomangamanga, misewu ndi malo ogulitsa mafakitale. Kutenga katundu kuchokera ku 0.5 mpaka 1 tonne ya makina abwino oweta nyumba sizinali. Niche imeneyi inkayenera kuti ikhale ndi UAZ 300. Kukula kwa galimoto kunaphatikiza gulu lonse lopanga, momwe aliyense anali ndi udindo wa dongosolo linalake.

Pofuna kuthamanga njira yopanga galimoto yowunikira, idasankhidwa kuigula ndi mbali zina za magalimoto omwe alipo. Chifukwa chake, galimotoyo inali ndi injini ya galimoto "Kupambana", ndipo kuimitsidwa kunachokera ku galimoto ya Yaroslavl Yophatikiza Yaaz-200.

Chomera cha Ulyanovsk chinalibe zipangizo zozizwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa zana limodzi kuti lizindikire malingaliro okondweretsa a omangamanga a UAZ 300. Chifukwa cha ichi, bokosi lamasitomala linasonkhana pa chomera cha Gorky. Chotupitsa choyamba chinali mtanda, chifukwa chifukwa cha kufulumira kwa kubweretsa chinthucho pa nthawi, ngakhale opanga a checkpoint, kapena ogwira ntchito ku Ulyanovsk, sanapeze shavings mu boar gear. Zotsatira zake, zidawombera, ziyenera kuwombera ndi kutulutsa mfundozo. Kuyesedwa kachiwiri kunapambana, ndipo pa November 7, zaka zakubadwa zakubadwa zazaka 49 zinapita kuwonetseredwe.

Mfundo Zazikulu

UAZ 300, galimoto yomwe sinayambe kupanga zambiri. Gulu la mapangidwe linasweka, ndipo chomera chinayamba kupanga magalimoto ena. Galimotoyo inali ndi mapulogalamu oyendetsera mapulogalamu oyendetsa mapulogalamu a radiator, mapikowa ankagwirizanitsidwa bwino ndi nyumba yonse ya gAZ-51, yomwe inachokera ku GAZ-MM.

Zofunika zamakono:

• Mphamvu yamagetsi - injini ya mafuta yokhala ndi zitsulo zinayi, mu-line, carburetor.
• Mphamvu ya UAZ 300 (hp) - 50.
• Gearshift ndibox gearbox.
• Unit suspension - kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa kasupe mtundu.
• Kutenga mphamvu (t) - kufika pa 1,5.
• Kulemera (t) - 1.
• Mtundu wa mafuta - mafuta A-66.
• Magudumu ali kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo kwa mtundu womwewo.

Zonsezi, zitsanzo zisanu ndi chimodzi zinaperekedwa kuti ziwonedwe poyera, zomwe ziwiri zoyambirirazo zinaperekedwera pa zikondwerero za November revolution.

Kusintha

Mtsogoleri wa UAZ 300 amene adayambitsanso ntchitoyi, yemwe amavomereza kuti akhale magalimoto akuluakulu, angayesedwe kuti ndi chitsanzo choyesera UL'SIS NATI-253. Galimoto iyi inakhazikitsidwa mu 1944. Galimoto idalengedwa ndikukonzekera kumasulidwa malinga ndi mgwirizano wotsimikiziridwa ndi Plant Ulyanovsk Automobile ndi American Motors.

Galimotoyo inali ndi injini ya dizilo iwiri yokhala ndi mahatchi 83. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino chiyenera kukhala chodziwika bwino ndi kapangidwe ka cockpit, mapiko ndi mapiko, komanso ndi njira yatsopano yamakono. Ndipotu, magulu ambirimbiri ndi zigawo zinangobwereka kuzinthu zochokera kunja, gawo laling'ono la magawolo linapangidwa ku chomera cha NATI.

Posakhalitsa kutulutsidwa kwa UAZ 300 yoyamba, kusinthidwa kunapangidwa pansi pa ndondomeko 302. Kulemera kwake kunali 1.5 matani. Ndiponso, galimotoyo inali ndi chimango chokongoletsedwa ndi mawilo ambuyo. Ngakhale kuti mayesowa anali osiyana kwambiri, chomeracho sichinali ndi malo okwanira kuti apange magalimoto amenewa mndandanda.

Galimoto yoyesa

Kuyendetsa galimoto ku UAZ 300 kwa nthawi yoyamba kunachitikira chakumapeto kwa 1950, pamodzi ndi "m'bale" wake wolemera kwambiri pansi pa ndondomeko ya 302. Zitsanzo ziwirizo zinali zabwino kwambiri mu zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Sanagumire kuseri kwawo ndipo gawo lachitatu - GAZ-MM. Zosintha zonse za mayesero zatsutsana ndi ulemu. M'chaka chotsatira, makonzedwe akuluakulu amamangidwa kuti athe kukonzanso komaliza makinawo.

Koma malingaliro otalikirapo sanadakwaniritsidwe. Malinga ndi nambala 297 ya 03.07.1951 adanenedwa kuti dipatimenti yopanga mapulani iyenera kuchotsedwa. Bwalo la Atsogoleri a Soviet Union linapereka chigamulo, malinga ndi kuti chomera cha Ulyanovsk chinasinthidwanso bwanji pakupanga malo opangira radar (malo osokoneza bongo).

Sizinali zowonjezera kuti makina owerengedwera akhale gawo lalikulu. Ponena za chomerachokha, kenako patatha nthawi ina adabwereranso kupanga magalimoto (mu 1954). Koma tsopano zosiyana ndizochitika. Pakati pawo, malo apadera akukhala ndi oimira GAZ-69 mtundu.

Gulu lokonza

Gulu la omanga linatsogoleredwa ndi mkonzi wamkulu M. I. Kozakov. Wopanga injini iliyonse anali ndi udindo wopanga ndi kukonza mfundo kapena dera linalake. Mwachitsanzo, IF Safinov anali ndi udindo wopanga bungwe la braking, woyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kazitsulo. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, ojambula awiri pamodzi amagwira ntchito pamodzi: I. Kh Pakhter ndi V. S. Menchov.

Okonza UAZ 300, injini yomwe imachokera ku galimoto yoyamba "Kugonjetsa", inkafuna kupanga galimoto yapadera, yosiyana ndi zina zofanana. Pachifukwa ichi, chitsanzochi chinapangidwa ku Gorky Automobile Plant podziwa yekha. Komabe, mofananamo, iwo analandira mawonekedwe akunja operekedwa ndi oyang'anira a Ulyanovsk: Ermilov, Bogdanovich, Starostin ndi Khlipkov. Pambuyo pa kuvomerezedwa kwa polojekitiyi, gulu la mapangidwe ndi ogwira ntchito mmundawo linayang'anizana ndi ntchitoyi mu nthawi ya Soviet - kupanga galimoto kukondwerera tsiku la kusintha.

Kukwanitsa

Ngakhale kuti nkhondoyi yatha pambuyo pake, opanga magalimoto apeza njira ndi njira zopangira magalimoto atsopano. Ndipo, panthawi imeneyo, iwo anachita bwino. Chinthu china n'chakuti panalibe zokwanira zoyambirira zopangira zopangira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ntchito zambiri zatsekedwa kapena kuzizira.

Asanayambe anthu omwe ali ndi ntchitoyi akukonzekera ndikukweza ndondomeko ya "lorry", ndipo adalimbana ndi ntchito yawo bwino, atapatsidwa mwayi. Tikayerekezera mphamvu ya UAZ 300 (hp mu timagulu 50), tingadziŵe kuti pamtunda wotereyi zinali zotheka kutumiza katundu wa dongosolo la 1000-1200 kilogalamu, komanso pa UAZ 302 yomwe ili patsogolo - kufika pa matani ndi theka. Kujambula mwapadera kwa mafanizowa kungathandize kwambiri kuti pakhale chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko, koma izi sizinachitike.