Gustav Klimt: Painting, zilandiridwenso, mbiri. N'chiyani chimachititsa zojambula Gustava Klimta?

Mmodzi wa amisiri otchuka kwambiri m'mbuyomu ndi Gustav Klimt, amene zojambula ndi mu ankafuna kwambiri lero. Mwatsoka, sikuti kwambiri, ndipo iwo onse akhala anapeza malo awo mu zopereka kwambiri mu dziko. Koma pamene chozizwitsa chimachitika, ndi kuyika kwa yobetcherana zojambula wake, mtengo awo lowoneka.

Wambiri Gustava Klimta: poyambira

Munthuyu, yemwe dzina lake ndi bwino kuti aliyense lero, anzeru, anabadwa pafupi likulu Austria, m'tauni ya Baumgarten. Gustav, amene anabadwa July 14, 1862, anali mwana yachiwiri nkhaniyi. Bambo ake anali zojambulajambula, engraver ndi osula golidi, kotero kuti ana ake ambiri chinapangitsa yoyamba imene munaphunzira luso. Banja anakhala wosauka, koma ali ndi zaka achinyamata khumi talente akulowa luso ndi ntchito kusukulu. Pali Gustav Klimt, amene zojambula amenewo akukantha zonse, popanda yekha, anaphunzira ndi zounikira monga Ferdinand Laufberger ndi Julius Victor Berger. Patapita zaka zochepa pa bungwe mofanana ndi kulowa ziboliboli mng'ono - Ernest. Pamodzi iwo analemba zithunzi za nzika yodalirika ya zithunzi ndi anagulitsa guilders asanu. Izi zinali zasungidwa wawo woyamba palokha.

Njira yoyamba luso

Mu 1879, chithunzicho Gustav Klimt, m'bale wake Franz von Matsch azikongoletsa bwalo la Vienna Museum wa Art History, ndiyeno iwo wawo woyamba kuti chachikulu. Ndi kudenga utoto wa Stureny nyumba yachifumu ( «nthano anayi") ndi kusamba ku Carlsbad likuoneka kalembedwe wapadera, amene izikhala zojambula Gustava Klimta ku ntchito ya amisiri ena. Choncho, atatu aluso amathera ntchito palimodzi, ndipo iwo wotumidwa kwa aliyense ulendo wake kudzera moyo.

Pezani kalembedwe anu

Wojambula Klimt pasanapite nthawi litavomereza pouza anthu. Ndi dzanja Mfumu Frantsa Iosifa, iye walandira Golden Cross misonkhano kuti zaluso pambuyo akamaliza ntchito Burgtheater. Choncho, mbuye umayenda ku World Old, imene akuyendera kuti Munich ndi Venice. Ulendo anamupatsa zambiri zidindo ndi kudzoza kwa ntchito.

Pamene mwamaliza penti yaikulu staircase Metropolitan Museum wa Art History, Gustav imasiyana ulemu maphunziro zojambula. kalembedwe Wake wapadera wa ntchito chapeza kale mawonekedwe ake yotsirizidwa. Mu zaka wotsatira, chithunzicho Gustav Klimt, amene zojambula maloto pa wokhometsa aliyense, amakhala membala wa "Union of Wabwino Tirhana." Koma anakumana ndi zomvetsa waukulu 1892: bambo ake anamwalira, ndiyeno m'bale Ernst. Mu 1894, Klimt, pamodzi ndi yaitali bwenzi la France machesi kukongoletsa University of Vienna pamaso Gustav ntchito pa zipinda za Chihangare Esterhazy Castle.

Kuvomerezeka pa moyo wake

Ntchito mkati mwa malo a, makamaka kuphedwa kwa mafano chongoyerekezera, mikhalidwe atatu "Philosophy", "Jurisprudence" ndi "Medicine" chinachititsa chithunzicho kudzatunga zojambula. Iye anakhazikitsidwa mu Vienna "Secession" ndipo pulezidenti ake, analemba mitunda yake yoyamba, ndipo amasangalala expressionism. Zojambula Gustava Klimta kuti nthawi yodziwika ndi chikondi zithunzi, chosonyeza mitundu yokongola. Ichi ndi chizindikiro cha mbuye ndi m'tsogolo.

Gustav Klimt, amene zojambula anapatsidwa ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi pa chionetsero World ku Paris (penti "Philosophy"), Beethoven amalenga murals. Izo zinali ntchito chake chichitike mu 1902, momveka bwino akambirana anthu, ankasirira Rodin. Master amayendera Italy, chikunenera, kumvetsera kwa izo. Mu 1908 wojambula bungwe amasonyeza wake, pamene iye anapereka zojambula sikisitini. Awiri a iwo anali pomwepo yotengedwa ndi mabungwe odalirika - ndi Gallery wa Modern Art ku Rome ndi ku Austria National Gallery.

Mu Paris, Klimt amene anapita mu 1909, iye anadziwa ntchito za Toulouse Lautrec, Van Gogh, Gauguin, Matisse, Munch, Bonnarta. Patapita chaka anatenga gawo la chisanu ndi chinayi Venice Biennale, kupenta wake "Imfa ndi Moyo", umene wofunika kwambiri pa World Exhibition 1911 ku Rome. Pambuyo chithunzicho kamodzinso anayamba ulendo kudutsa Europe.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wa zojambulajambula kwambiri

Ngakhale chikondi cha anthu, ntchito Gustava Klimta kudzudzulidwa expressionists. Atamwalira mayi wake mu 1915, wojambula lisankha kunadetsa mdima mtundu phale. Iye anafotokozanso nawo fairs otchuka a dziko, amakhala membala aulemu a Academy of Art ku Munich ndipo Vienna, iye analemba mwaluso zojambula. Wojambula wamwalira mtima February 6, 1918, kusiya ambiri ntchito yosatha. Pambuyo pake kusiya moyo uno ndi ojambula zithunzi zina zazikulu za nthawi.

"The kumpsompsona" Gustava Klimta - wotchuka kupenta wa mmisiri

Ntchito imeneyi ndi chimodzi cha zabwino mwa ambuye ya cholowa cha. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa mu 1907 ndipo nthawi yomweyo pambuyo nkhani wogulidwa ndi boma la Austria-Hungary. Maganizo, zonyezimira "The kumpsompsona" Gustava Klimta chimatengedwa ngati njira kwambiri limaonetseratu za kupenta m'mbiri ya zaka mazana makumi awiri. Kodi wapadera za iwo?

Pa nsalu muli mitundu zosiyanasiyana: kubalalika zokongola maluwa, kuwanditsa mapini, checkerboard motif wa wakuda, woyera ndi wobiriwira mabokosi, tepi, arabesques, kupotoza mizere yozungulira. Abstraction wa makombo naturalistically anamasulira ndi kanjedza, zokongoletsera whimsical akungowoneka basi luxuriously pa maziko golide. The banja, amene akufotokozedwa pakati, kukumbatirana ndi ophatikizidwa mu mokhudza kukupsopsonani. Mose zovala okonda okha patsogolo zotsatira za zilakolako kuwala analengedwa ndi mfiti ndi mwatsatanetsatane kukongoletsa ndi kwambiri kusiyana ndi zinthu chilengedwe. mosapita kwambiri utoto mtsikana nkhope, manja ndi mapazi. Koma ziwalo paliponse, ndi m'madera ena yokutidwa kwathunthu, ndege ndi amajambulapo maluwa okongola umboni kuti agwirizane mtundu ndi kapangidwe pa nsalu pansi.

Chithunzi ndi wojambula ankakonda mtundu - lalikulu. Gustav anyalanyaza m'chizimezime ndi kuya munda, chimatsatira moyo ndi chenicheni cha nthawi yapano. Choncho, kukupsopsonani wokonda anyamata ndi atsikana amapeza lonse konsekonse.

Ikuimira "kumpsompsona"

Gustav Klimt, amene zojambula nthawi zonse tanthauzo, ndipo 'kumpsompsona "ntchito ophiphiritsa. Choncho, pa Koyamba, ndi rectangle kukopedwa pa zovala amuna okha ndi phindu yokongola. Koma izi zizindikiro za mpheto yachimuna, akuimira mfundo wamwamuna. Iwo kuphatikiza ndi chachikazi, encrypted mu motif pa zovala za akazi. Ndi mizere yozungulira, mabwalo ndi ovals chimene tinganene kuti zizindikiro luso maliseche wamkazi. Umodzi uwu ogwirizana ndiponso amphamvu Mitundu moyo ndipo akupitiriza ake.

Penti "The kumpsompsona" - zachilendo ndithu kakasi. Monga ndi ntchito zonse za mmbuyo, anali mafani ake ndi adani oopsa. Koma ndi akuimira chimbuzi cha otchedwa golide zaka chithunzicho. Kanemayo anakhala chizindikiro cha Viennese Secession, mesmerized ndi golide chowala, pritushennym eroticism (chifukwa maso otseguka anaonekera manja yekha, mapazi ndi nkhope ya nkhani), kuyera chenicheni.

Cherchez La femme, kapena kuyang'ana kwa mkazi

Favorite motif Gustava Klimta anali akazi ndi matupi awo. Iye ankakonda kujambula zithunzi za ku nthano otchulidwa m'Baibulo, ndi yaikazi Olympic, nymphs ndi atsikana wamba amene anakhala ethereal. Wazunguliridwa ndi kuwala golide (ntchito zambiri namatetule anali wotero maziko zokongola), ankaoneka yabwino kukongola, kukongola ndi okopa nthawi yomweyo. Ngati wojambula chenicheni amalambira kugonana chilungamo, mantha Umulungu wake, zimamvekera, zongoganiza ndi ukazi.

Pa nsalu zokha ayi wake iye anajambula akazi wamaliseche, ndi pamenepo pokha atavala mu matupi awo lowoneka zovala zamtengo wapatali. Bakuman kuphethira ngale, ukuyenda tsitsi, muli khungu ndi silky abwino madiresi gossamer analenga mayesero, kuphimba matupi amaliseche.

Dzitetezeni dona namatetule

Kwa zaka za m'ma chithunzicho odzipereka maganizo onse otsutsana a chi. Iye anali akuyembekezera yabwino ndi mkazi wamakono, ndipo anasonyeza mwa zojambula wake. Iye anajambula anthu enieni osati kokha, kumene Mwachitsanzo, anali Sonja Knips, amene chithunzi nthawi yomweyo akufotokoza lightness, kusalakwa, nkhawa ndi reverie. Aliyense fano Gustav dona - thanthwe. Mu "Chikondi," nkhope ya heroine wa chisanu mu chisangalalo lokoma, koma chapansipansi imene yatsala mthunzi. Ndipotu, anyamata ndi atsikana akuyembekezeka zaka ndiye akale ndi imfa. A chitsanzo chapadera cha kukongola koteroko ndi zojambula otsatirawa: "Mermaid," "Golden Nsomba", onse mabaibulo "Judith", "Madzi Nyoka". Full wa nzeru zakuya ndi ntchito ya "The Ages atatu la Mkazi", lomwe limasonyeza msungwana wamng'ono, mkazi mu unyamata ndi kukongola, komanso mkazi wachikulire.

Chinthu chidwi ndi mbuye wake sanakwatiwe, ngakhale anali ndi mabuku ambiri. Mwina sanapeze abwino wake ...