Glaciology - sayansi chiyani? Kuti kuphunzira glaciologist?

Glaciology - sayansi chiyani? Kodi Akatswiri kuti ntchito m'munda umenewu? Tiyeni kuyesa kupeza yankho izi ndi zina mafunso.

Glaciology akuphunzira?

Mawu akuti amachokera ku mawu Latin "glyatsies" - chisanu, "Logos" - chiphunzitso cha mawu. Glaciology - sayansi ayezi kuti anapanga mu chilengedwe padziko lapansili, mu lithosphere, m'mlengalenga ndi hydrosphere.

Ntchito anatumizidwa sayansi ndi monga:

• kuphunzira mbali ya mapangidwe chisanu, zikhalidwe za moyo wawo;
• Kuphunzira zikuchokera, ndi thupi katundu ayezi;
• kulingalira za zotsatira za miyala ya kuwundana padziko lathuli;
• Kuphunzira yogawa Hrs a dongosolo ayezi.

Glaciology - sayansi ayezi kuti inextricably zogwirizana ndi sayansi ya nthaka ndi miyala. Akatswiri mu munda ankagwiritsa ntchito njira zimango za Sciences Geographical.

Mbiri ya mapangidwe sayansi

Yambani chiphunzitso anaika wotchuka Swiss phiri climber, miyala ndi nthaka ndi zachilengedwe Oras Benedikt de Saussure. Zolinga ndi mutu wa mumaganiza latsopano kafukufuku iye anafukula mu dzanja olembedwa ntchito yake "Ulendo ku Alps." Ntchito amapanga asayansi pa 1779-TH kwa chaka 1796-TH.

mawu enieni mavuto amene anakumana ndi glaciologist, anafotokoza mu 19 m'ma TH. Komabe, pa nthawiyi, asayansi analibe zipangizo mwadongosolo za oundana. Sikokwanira aluso odziwa za thupi katundu ayezi, khalidwe lake. Choncho, yoyamba gawo la chitukuko cha sayansi ya glaciology anali yodziwika makamaka kudzikundikira chidziwitso, mapangidwe njira sayansi.

Chiyambi cha m'ma 20 zinali zodzaza ndi chiyambi cha sayansi angapo a Maulendo zikuluzikulu umalimbana kuphunzira glaciation, anaikira mu dera la Arctic Circle. Anathandiza disclosing akamanena za zochitika thupi komwe kumachitika mu kuwundana, ndi zikamera wa njira zimenezi enieni monga kujambula mlengalenga, photogrammetry, matenthedwe kuboola akufufuza mpata nthaka. Nthawi imeneyi, asayansi anakwanitsa kukhala gulu wamba ayezi, makamaka younikira kayendedwe, mapangidwe ndi kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana.

Pa atumwi wotsiriza asonkhanitsa deta yaikulu pa yogawa dera limene Madzi oundana. Asayansi anatha kupeza latsopano ndi oundana kupanga akalozera awo ndi nkhani.

kuchita glaciologists chiyani?

Glaciologist - chibvomerezo, akamanena za amene ali kuphunzira formations ayezi aumbike mwa chilengedwe. Akatswiri amenewa akuphunzira mbali ya maonekedwe a oundana, zochita zawo, njira chopatsa limatsogolera ayezi.

Glaciologist - ntchito yokhudza kuphunzira zigumukire, malo, zomwe zinapangidwa ndi limatsogolera ayezi. Ndiponso anthu aluso mu nkhani imeneyi gulu kwa maulendo oopsa pa mapu, pofuna pakutchulidwa ngozi ndi masoka achilengedwe.

yothandiza Kodi glaciology?

Glaciology - sayansi kuti maphunziro, poyamba pa zonse, ambiri glacier padziko lathuli. Malinga ndi asayansi, mabungwe oterowo zatenga 11% ya dziko okwana. Anaganiza dongosolo la 29 miliyoni makilomita lalikulu ³ madzi oyera. Chitukuko cha sayansi kumathandiza kuti ntchito zomveka ka madzi a mitsinje ndi nyanja, amene anapanga chifukwa limatsogolera madzi oundana.

Komanso, glaciology - nzeru za momwe mungapewere masoka achilengedwe, chifukwa cha zomwe ndi kusintha khalidwe la oundana. The mbali yeniyeni ya chiphunzitso ndi kuyang'anira malo mlandu, imatulutsidwa ndi kayendedwe ka madzi oundana, ndi cholinga kukwaniritsa ntchito zachuma.

mabungwe a sayansi

Phunziro madzi oundana lero analenga zopezera mabungwe apadera omwe Russia, USA, Switzerland, Italy, Canada, UK, mayiko ena kwambiri kuyambira. Kuyambira 1894, mozama mayiko glaciological komiti kuti amachita naye phunziro la chisanu ndi ayezi.

Pofuna kukhala sayansi bungwe mndandanda wa okwerera, amene lolunjika pa za kumalo ozizira Urals, Franz Josef Land, Altai, New Earth, mu North-East ndi ku Central Asia.

Zofunika maphunziro glaciological

Woyamba ulendo kwambiri umalimbana kuphunzira kuwundana waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse, anali mu nthawi kuchokera 1923 mpaka 1933, chaka asayansi Soviet. kuzipenya anali opangidwa ku Central Asia, ndi Urals, Novaya Zemlya. Cholinga makampeni zimakhala gulu mfundo zothandiza pa dongosolo ayezi.

Chidwi linapereka kuti chitukuko cha sayansi ulendo, unakonzedwa ndi kafukufuku Soviet G. A. Avsyukom mu nthawi kuchokera 1950 mpaka 1960, TH. Iwo anali umalimbana kuyan'anila oundana wa Tien-Shan. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, asayansi anatha kukhazikitsa mayendedwe ndi chitsanzo cha kayendedwe ka Madzi oundana.

Mu 1877, anthu padziko lonse, anaganiza kulinganiza misonkhano yapadera Azamlengalenga, amene ayenera kusunga kuyan'anila kusungunuka kwa chipale chofewa ndi matalala m'madera osiyanasiyana padzikoli. Cholinga cha chilengedwe chake anachita mapangidwe pa njira zotsogolera ku kubwezeretsa madzi abwino pa Dziko Lapansi. Kwa nthawi yoyamba kuzipenya amenewa ikuchitika ndi gulu la siteshoni danga "Salyut-6". Research atavala chikhalidwe zithunzi. Unyinji waukulu deta wapatali, asayansi anatha kusonkhanitsa pogwiritsa ntchito 12 khola ndi zoyang'anira 6 khola. Zithunzi za padziko lapansi zimene zinali kunja kwa kutalika pafupifupi 350 Km, anapereka gawo lonse la zithunzi apamwamba mothandizidwa ndi zimene zingakuthandizeni kuchita miyezo zolondola ndithu.

Mu 2012, m'banja glaciologist amene ankagwira ntchito ku Antarctica, analephera kugwira pobowola bwino ayezi chipewa, kakakulu umene uli pafupi 4 Km. Asayansi ankalowa madzi a mbiri isanayambe ayezi nyanja. Phunziro topezeka wapadera amene kusanduka pa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, kuwululidwa tizilomboto sankadziwika kuti sayansi. Apeza Kudali kofunikira kuti chitukuko osati wa glaciology, koma munda wa kafukufuku mlengalenga. Zotsatira wake zosayembekezereka akusonyeza kuti soups zakudya simuli pansi ayezi kapu ya Dziko Lapansi, komanso mapulaneti ena ndi makina awo.