Galimoto mphamvu dera khalidwe kozizira achipululu; embodiments, ndi zofunika

Nthawi zambiri maphunziro a mbiri zachilengedwe anapatsidwa ntchito imeneyi: ". Mangani magulidwe akatundu chiwembu" Sukulu kudziwa angachite izi ophunzira sukulu kale chachikulu. mtundu wa ntchito amathandiza kuonanso mmene wophunzirayo ali zokhudza nyama ndi zomera za m'dera makamaka. Popeza mukufuna kuti mudziwe mokwanira bwino, ntchitoyi si kuwala kumaliseche. Nkhani adzapatsidwa mphamvu dera chithunzi, khalidwe la chipululu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, kupereka tanthauzo ndipo fotokozani mfundo za zomangamanga.

Magulidwe akatundu: ndichiyani?

Kodi unyolo chakudya? Si chinsinsi kuti moyo padziko lapansili ndi makina: ena zamoyo amabadwa kupereka zipangizo organic pa chitukuko ndi kukula kwa ena. zinthu zamoyo zambiri - zomera ndi kudya, ena (kuphatikizapo anthu) - adani.

Kumayambiriro kwa wina kayang'aniridwe ndi zomera (zomera kapena, mu nkhani ya chilengedwe m'madzi), hereinafter - tizilombo zamiyendo Inayi kapena nyama. Pamwamba - chilombo. N'zochititsa chidwi ngati chakumadzulo mchitidwe dera mmodzi, pali ikutha ndi enawo chifukwa kugwirizana kudulidwa. Tiyeni tione chitsanzo yeniyeni.

Kodi kupanga magulidwe akatundu chithunzi, mmene steppe woyendera nthambi? Kuyamba ndi kusankha zomera ndi nyama zokhala m'dera limeneli. Iwo chimakhala chogwidwa ndi udzu chilala zosagwira ndi maluwa, monga nthenga udzu kapena mbewu monga chimanga. Mwa nyama steppe ndi chimakhala chogwidwa ndi makoswe. Ogwirira - nkhandwe kapena mphungu, akadzidzi. Nazi zitsanzo za unyolo Grass - chiwala - chule - ndi steppe mphungu. Kapena izi: dzinthu - mbewa-vole - nkhandweyo.

Arctic achipululu; mbali nyengo

Tisanafotokoze kulankhula zimene magulidwe akatundu chithunzi, khalidwe la chipululu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi, ayenera kukhala ndi makhalidwe zone ichi nyengo. Dera limeneli ndi osauka kwambiri mu nyengo nkhanza pa nyama ndi zomera.

Dziko ataphimbidwa ndi wosanjikiza wa Madzi oundana, kotero pafupifupi zomera: yekha osowa udzu, ndere ndi lichens. Pafupifupi chimodzimodzi momwe zilili ndi nyama apadziko: lemmings yekha, nkhandwe Arctic ndi zimbalangondo. M'dziko akhoza zimachitika madera mbalame - m'miyezi yotentha, mbalame zisa zawo pa ovuta lapansi.

Mu madzi a Ocean Arctic anthu walruses ndi zisindikizo, ndi mitundu ina ya nsomba kozizira.

Zomera - nsomba - zisindikizo - kumalo ozizira chimbalangondo

Tiyeni tione mmene zamoyo kudya m'deralo. The wadera woyamba okwanira dera khalidwe kozizira chipululu akuyamba ndi zomera. Izi yaying'ono-zamoyo zokhala m'madzi. Iwo sangakhoze kukana otaya, kotero zimatengedwa ufulu mu ndime madzi. mitundu mazana awiri timayandama amene timapemphera mderali (ndi angathe dzuwa) ndipo mochuluka za zooplankton (protozoans zokhala ndi selo imodzi ndi nkhanu).

Kenako kugwirizana - nsomba. Ku Ocean Arctic anthu oposa 150 mitundu. Ena mwa iwo ndi nthumwi za m'nyanja zikuluzikulu Nsomba, fulonda, hering'i. Onse a iwo ndinazolowera mavuto a kumpoto.

Nsomba chakudya pa zomatira. Nyama zimenezi zipsepse chiwalocho kudzera amene kusuntha bwino pansi pa madzi. Front chiombankhanga.

Izi dera magetsi mu zone arkticherskih zipululu woyera umatha chimbalangondo. Ndi mdani yaikulu kwambiri ku Arctic si wokha, komanso pa dziko lonse lapansi. Zolemba malire kulemera kwa nyama - tani, mu anthu kutalika kufika mamita atatu. Iwo kudya zisindikizo. Kodi motere: amadikirira nyama, sitiroko ndi yoteroyo amphamvu kugunda pa mutu (stun) ndipo ankatulutsa pagombe.

Sedge - Lemming - nkhandweyo

Wina dera chithunzi cha mphamvu khalidwe la chipululu kozizira akuyamba ndi sedges. Izi therere okha amene amalima m'deralo. Ngakhale mbewu wodzichepetsa, ndipo dera lawo ndi laling'ono kwambiri.

Sedge kudya makoswe. Mu Arctic, kalasi ukufanizidwa ndi lemmings. Izi nyama zing'onozing'ono, otsatira a abale a hamsters akhoza kudya kangapo ake kulemera. A thupi waung'ono kufupi ndi makutu mutu ndi miyendo waufupi - izi ndi makhalidwe a rodent izi. Lemming ubweya mtundu zimasiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo pa chaka: kuchokera imvi bulauni kuyatsa m'chilimwe, pafupifupi woyera m'nyengo yozizira.

Pamwamba pa unyolo nkhandweyo kumalo ozizira - nkhandweyo. Kuyambira kalasi lake wachibale - nkhandweyo wamba - mdani ali ndi thupi wamfupi koma wojintcha, anamaliza ikhale pamphuno ndi zipolopolo sanali pachimake khutu, mwa wolemera fluffy ubweya pafupifupi zosaoneka. Nthawi zambiri, nkhandwe sakubwerera kwa palibe zomera, palibe nyama. Iye akhoza kudya, monga cloudberries, ndi makoswe. Fox sakubwerera ndi nsomba, chifukwa ena Shackleton.