Discretionary muyezo ngati wina wa malamulo zofunika malamulo

Pamaso Titakhazikika ndi mfundo "discretionary muyezo", muyenela kuzindikira kuti optionality ili yokha.

Chiphunzitso cha optionality

M'lingaliro lenileni ndi - kusankha. Ndi jurisprudence mawu limanenedwa ngati n'zotheka ena kusankha munthu kapena ena azitsamba procedural. Zimakhala:

• optionality la malamulo a mayikowo;
• optionality la chilamulo procedural yapachiweniweni ;
• optionality chigawenga adversarial ndondomeko;
• optionality kuthetsa malamulo;
• dispositive lamulo ladziko;
• optionality ngati njira kuthetsa malamulo.

Choncho, optionality - ambiri malamulo gulu, amene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magulu onse a payekha ndi lamulo la boma. A ponseponse dispositive - ndi ufulu mwalamulo kapena luso nzika wosonyeza wina ufulu m'maganizo, ndithudi, mwa lamulo.

ayenera kukhala optionality ndi malamulo discretionary wonse. "Optionality" - chiphunzitso cha kwambiri ambiri, onse kuposa "ulamuliro dispositive la chilamulo." Iwo discretionary malamulo ndi njira, njira ya Mawu, a lamanja la nazo.

malamulo Discretionary mu Zitsanzo

lamulo Civil Mwachitsanzo, muli zambiri malamulo imene maphwando chidwi ndi kusankha za malamulo awo. Mwachitsanzo, mwini chuma ali ndi nzeru kusankha amene mtima adapanga chifuniro ndi amene adzalandira anapeza zabwino. Wolowa nyumba akhoza kukhala munthu ku bwalo lamkati la testator, magazi kapena osakhala magazi abale ake, pafupi kapena kutali, abwenzi, anzawo, kapena ngakhale alendo, komanso mabungwe omwe si a boma, etc. Koma ngati Sipadzakhalanso, kapena yotsegulira kapena chikalata ina ya cholowa sichinayambe wasenza, lamulo adzaona ndi kukhazikitsa oloŵa yekha. Malamulo amenewo kuti ntchito mwapadera mu nthawi imene malamulo zogwirizana anapangidwa ndi dispositive, i.e. wothandiza, wodzilemekeza.

Discretionary muyezo chimathandiza nzika kulowa muchiyanjano malamulo, kukhazikitsa nokha ena malire ndi ukulu wa ufulu reciprocal ndi ntchito. Kumene, ntchito izi ndi ufulu samabwera kwa chimango ambiri. Koma ngati palibe mapangano amenewa, malamulo discretionary okha wodzazidwa ndi mabwenzi kulimbikitsana ndi amanena. Komabe, ngakhale ndiye iwo afanane ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi amafuna ntchito bwino.

Mwachitsanzo, mu chilekano, ngati banja ali ndi mwana, iye kholo limodzi. Kholo simungawagwiritse mwalamulo kwa alimony ngati mwamseri Chachiwiri Party ati kulipira iwo. Ngati palibe mgwirizano kukufika, pali kundipatsako kwa alimony ndi bwalo ndi kuvomerezedwa malamulo chipani Mwachitsanzo, bambo kulipira chithandizo mwana kuchuluka zafotokozeredwa chiweruzo. Kuzemba adzalangidwa.

Kapena, chilekano, akazi wakale amavomereza kuti bambo adzakhala kukaona mwana, nthawi yocheza naye nthawi zambiri ngati iye akufuna ndi mwana adzapitiriza kukhala kotheratu moyo wake. Ngati mayi wayamba kupewa zimenezi, bwalo adzateteza zofuna za bambo ndi kupanga Mkazi mu njira ya chibwenzi si atate ndi ana.

Discretionary malamulo - zili ngati malamulo awiri zokhudzana. Mmodzi wa iwo amapanga zotheka kuti nzika mabungwe kuchita pa nzeru zake, kulowa mgwirizano wa mtundu wina. Ndipo womuyenerera wachiwiri kapena kupanga loyamba ngati pangano sadzatero ndi zipani amalephera kulimbana ndi ufulu mwagwirizana ndi udindo. Ndiye iwo mankhwala ndi aliyense njira inayake yochitira zinthu ndi khalidwe, ndipo akuchita izo zinayenera kukhalira.