"Bryansk Forest" - ndi biosphere malo ndi UNESCO

Mbali yaikulu kwambiri ya m'dziko la Russia aphimbidwa ndi nkhalango, kotero ife kupuma mpweya wabwino, ife tingathe kuona mbalame zambiri kawirikawiri ndi nyama. Mmodzi wa awa ali malo "Bryansk Forest" ili Suzemskom ndi Trubchevsk m'maboma a m'dera Bryansk, Nerusso-Desna woodland ndi kumanzere banki ya Desna Mtsinje, umene ndi tributary wa Dnieper. M'dera la nkhalango - 12.186 ha. Mu 2001 iye analandira udindo wa biosphere a. Apa lili ambiri adziwe chikumbutso obelisk manda a partisans amene anafa apa m'masiku otsiriza nkhondo dziko.

Mwachidule za malo ndi chilengedwe "Bryansk Forest"

Chifukwa chakuti malo ili mu mabacteria osiyana Hrs: nkhalango, deciduous ndi nkhalango boreal - pali zambiri mu izo
zosiyanasiyana nyama ndi zomera. Last wolemera mitundu osowa. Mu malo awa, ambiri bogs Moss, wophuka zomera glacial: Scheuchzeria chithaphwi, bog mchisu, msondodzi Lapland. chidwi kwambiri m'nkhalango wakumpoto wa maluwa. Ali ndi zovuta chitukuko kwachilengedwenso pafupifupi yoyamba kuyankha kusintha kwa zinthu zachilengedwe mu mbali zoipa. Choncho, maluwa onse ndiotetezedwa. "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, likutionetsera ife ndi mitundu 19 maluwa. Ena m'gulu pangozi, ziri monga: Cephalanthera rubra, slipper weniweni, Dactylorhiza Baltic, epipogium leafless. Iwo mbali mitundu 769 ya zomera mtima. Awa, mitundu isanu ndi mndandanda wa mayina m'buku chitetezo: dactylorhiza traunsteineri, epipogium leafless, slipper weniweni, Cephalanthera rubra, yamunthu Dactylorhiza Baltic.

Nyama malo a

Iwo m'madera awa ndi ndithu kwambiri. Flora nyama, inakhala, ali 245 mitundu: 153 - mbalame, 50 - nyama, 11 - achule, 6 - zokwawa, wina cyclostomes mtundu ndi 24 - nsomba. mitundu osowa nyama zopezeka mu malo a
yopulumutsa pogona. Apa kudzilimbitsa ndekha moyo-zikuyendera akatumbu, Beaver katswiri derali ndi mitsinje zambiri otters mtsinje moyo Nerusso. mitundu isanu ya mbalame opezeka mu Bukhu la alamu, kuphatikizapo: imvi shrike, njoka mphungu, wakuda dokowe ndi ena. Paliponse, kupatula mu malo "Bryansk Forest", sikutheka kuti azindikire mitundu yonse khumi woodpeckers osowa European: zobiriwira, imvi, wakuda woodpecker, mabanga woodpecker yaing'ono, motley sing'anga wamkulu wamawangamawanga, woyera-amatidwa, Suriya, wryneck ndi atatu toed. Pena paliponse mu Europe inu iwo onse palimodzi sangapeze. Nthawi zambiri anapezeka ena mitundu ya mbalame kumpoto, monga grouse, boreal kadzidzi, wakuda woodpecker. Kenako ndithu pang'ono omasuka pa Remez ndi kakowa chachikulu - okhala kum'mwera. The Russian Alamu buku kutchulidwa mitundu 12 ya nyama zazikulu ndiponso wochepekedwa wamawangamawanga mphungu, wakuda dokowe, Chiyukireniya lamprey, Mnemosyne, Apollo Gulugufe, mbawala kachilomboka, noctule chimphona, muskrat, pakati mabanga woodpecker, imvi shrike, njoka mphungu.

Mpumulo wa malo ndi nyengo

Dera limene "Bryansky nkhalango" akuimira accumulative
mbalambanda, otsika kunama, mokoma mumbali. Palibe pamwamba kwambiri kapena M'malo mwake, nisin. Kutalika osachepera m'dera - 125 m, pamene pazipita - 210 lalikulu -. 140-170 mamita mawonekedwe lowe m'dera mbiri ndi lonse zigwa chigumula, pamwamba mokoma mtima wofunitsitsa ndi masitepe mosabisa. Mtsinje Valley m'kamwa malo ukufika makilomita 12-15, pambali pa izo chigumula m'lifupi makilomita mpaka zisanu. Floodplains yodziwika ndi matendawa, choopsa cha bwalo kuti kufika m'lifupi makilomita limodzi kapena awiri ndipo zatenga malo aakulu. Pali alipidwa matendawa, osaya ndi milu mamita 6-9 mkulu, sinkholes ndi chibowo. Nyengo ya malo awa subcontinental, pafupifupi pachaka kutentha ndi 5.4 ° ^C. The mpweya ndi 550-590 mamilimita pa chaka. Zima zambiri ozizira mwapang'ono. Kumbukirani nyimbo iyi: "Shumel kwambiri Bryansk nkhalango ..."? Izi ziri pafupi malo a. Chilimwe ndi ofunda. Matalikidwe kutentha pachaka - 25-27 ^° C kwambiri pachaka - masiku 136-154 - kutentha mpweya ndi madigiri ziro.

Madamu Bryansk nkhalango

Polesie mitsinje ndi makhwawa a pa Desna Mtsinje ndi a beseni wa Dnieper. Zina za madzi omwe amatuluka kudzera m'dera limeneli. M'kamwa njira ali pa malo a 90 Km, m'lifupi: Max - mamita 144, mwachizolowezi - 60-80 mamita Poyma - dambo, m'madambo, 4-5 Km lonse ..

mtsinje wina Nerussa kumanzere m'kamwa tributary, ali kutalika pa malo amene pafupifupi 110 Km, m'lifupi njira kungakhale kwa mamita 52, kawirikawiri - 25-30. Kachigawo floodplain - mamita 2-3, ndi chinyontho, nkhalango, dambo ndi nkhalango. Kuyambira Navlya Mtsinje, North ndi Usozha. Komanso kwambiri mitsinje yaing'ono, utali umene umasiyana makilomita asanu ndi 38 "Bryansk Forest" Reserve, yodziwika ndi ochepa nyanja, ndiwo mtsinje waukulu oxbows Navlya, Nerusso ndi m'kamwa. Wa Madamu floodplain kuima pamalo zomwe zili masitepe m'kamwa Zherenskie nyanja: Lake. Big Gérin, akuya mamita 0.3-0.4, ndi Lake. Small Gérin, za mamita awiri kwambiri. Palinso ochepa, mtundu wa sinkholes.

Kodi kupeza malo ku midzi yapafupi

Kuyambira Bryansk - kwa njanji "Bryansk-Kiev" kwa iwonso m'mudzi wa Log khwangwala a, etc. - The boma la Bee, Kholmech, Terebushka ndi ku mudzi wa Berezovka. Kumeneko, pakati ndi pali akutembenukira Manor chapakati. Kuyambira Trubchevsk - pa njanji "Trubchevsk-Suzemka" kwa watsopano, Century ndi Berezovka. Kuyambira Suzemka - pa njanji "Suzemka-Trubchevsk" kuti Kholmech, Berezovka. Sitima - njira "Bryansk-Suzemka" kuti Nerussa nsanja ndi makilomita theka wapansi kwa Manor chapakati. Amalowerera Reserve Bryansk nkhalango kasamalidwe ili pakati dera pa msewu Kalinina, nyumba nambala 34. ofesi Izi walandira chifukwa cha ntchito yake akutama World Wildlife Fund.