Basil Rathbone ndi wojambula wa ku America, wochita zosasinthika pa udindo wa wotsogolera wamkulu Sherlock Holmes

Wojambula wa Chingerezi Basil Rathbone (akuyimira mu nkhaniyi) amadziwika bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha udindo wa wotsutsa Sherlock Holmes, khalidwe lachikale ndi Baker Street, 221. Chithunzi cha wapolisi wapadera ndi chubu chosasinthika m'mano mwake chinali chabwino kwa iye.

Basil Rathbone: Biography mwachidule

Wojambula uja anabadwa pa June 13, 1892 ku South Africa, mzinda wa Johannesburg. Bambo ake anali katswiri wa migodi, amayi ankachita nyimbo zoimba nyimbo. Atangomaliza zaka zitatu, banja lawo linachoka ku South Africa ndipo linabwerera ku England.

Mnyamata Rathbone anamaliza sukulu ya Raptonian Secondary School. Mu 1916 adalandira ubatizo wamoto pamphepete mwa Nkhondo Yoyamba Yadziko lonse, pokonzekera kulowa usilikali wosiyana wa Scottish. Pa gawoli adakumana ndi anzake ogwirizana nawo: Claude Raines, Ronald Coleman ndi Herbert Marshall. Wojambula mtsogolo mwadzidzidzi anali ndi mphamvu zogwira ntchito ya usilikali, adachita masewera angapo kuti asonkhanitse nzeru, zomwe zinathandiza kwambiri lamuloli. Pasanapite nthawi, Basil Rathbone anapatsidwa Chigamulo cha Mtsinje Wachigwirizano.

Ndiponso ku UK

Atabwerera ku London, kapitawo wamkulu wa asilikali a Royal Army anapanga malo ake ku Ispuichi Theatre. Anasewera khalidwe la Hortensio popanga sewero la Shakespearean The Taming of the Shrew. Zaka makumi awiri za m'ma 1900, Basil Rathbone ankachita nawo masewera otchuka kwambiri ku UK.

Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1923, wojambulayo akufuna kukhala ku San Francisco ndi New York. Iye akuyesera kupeza malo ake mu luso. Mu 1927, Basil Rathbone, omwe mafilimu ake sanawonetsere munthu amene akumuwona, adaganiza "kugula" wokondedwa wakeyo, akuwerengera chidwi cha omvera. Anayamba kuonekera pamsonkhanowu ndi katswiri wa zojambulajambula Ethel Barrymore, yemwe anali wotchuka kwambiri panthawiyo ndipo akhoza kuthandizira Basil. Iwo anapanga duet mu mawonedwe angapo a Broadway, koma sanabwerere furore.

Chikhalidwe choyipa monga chithunzi cha osewera

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, Basil Rathbone adapeza udindo wokhala mtsogoleri wa anthu. Anthu onse omwe anali nawo anali okhumudwa kwambiri: Wopweteka Bambo Mardstone, Karenin wodalirika wolemba mabuku a Tolstoy Anna Karenina, yemwe anali wankhanza Pontius Pilato wa Pompeii, Imene Captain Esteban Pasquale (Chizindikiro cha Zorro), mbuye wamkulu Guy Gisborne (The Adventures of Robin Hood ").

Wochita masewerowa adachitanso nawo mafilimu oopsya oyambirira, monga Tower of Death, kumene adasewera Richard III, Frankenstein (udindo wa Baron Frankenstein Woolf, mwana wa chilombo).

Rathbone ankaonedwa ngati wopanga nsomba zabwino ku Hollywood, zomwe zinamuthandiza "kutaya" kumenyana yekha ndi mdani, ngati zochitikazo zikufunika. Basil anayenera kutulutsa mafilimu "Zorro Sign", "Court Jester", "Tower of Death". Pa filimuyo "Romao ndi Juliet" adatha kugonjetsa Mercutio, amene adagwa kuchokera ku tsamba la Basil. Iyo inali duel yomwe woyimba ankasewera Tybalda.

Kusankhidwa koyamba kwa "Oscar"

Chifukwa cha udindo wa Tibald Basil Rathbone mu 1937 adasankhidwa kukhala Oscar, ndipo patatha zaka ziwiri adasankhidwa kuti adziwe chithunzi cha King Louis Wachitatu mu filimuyo "Ndidzakhala mfumu."

Mu 1938, mzimayi wina dzina lake Rathbone anali ndi ntchito yodabwitsa - wamkulu Brenda, yemwe anali mkulu wa asilikali oyendetsa ndege, ankada nkhawa ndi anthu wamba omwe anawatumiza ku imfa ina.

"Anathawa ndi Mphepo"

Pamene pulojekitiyi idakhazikitsidwa pa ntchito ya Margaret Mitchell, wolembayo anawerenga Rathbone ngati Rhett Butler. Komabe, kumbuyo kwake kunali njira yoipa, kuti wotsogolerayo sangathe kuzizindikira mosavuta. Udindo waukulu unavomerezedwa ndi Clark Gable wosavomerezeka.

Udindo wamagazi

Kutchuka kwenikweni kunafika kwa woimbayo atatha kuyang'ana pa mafilimu angapo ponena za woweruza wamkulu wotchedwa Sherlock Holmes. Pakati pa 1939 ndi 1946, Basil Rathbone, filimuyo Pa nthawiyi panalibe ntchito zodabwitsa, yomwe imasewera mafilimu ambirimbiri opangidwa ndi olemba mabuku a Chingerezi Conan Doyle, yemwe ali mtsogoleri wa gululi.

Sherlock Holmes, Dr. Watson, Akazi a Hudson - chifukwa cha trio izi, nkhani zambiri zochititsa chidwi zinalengedwa, pamene zovuta zovuta zinafufuzidwa. Mafilimu oyambirira ("The Hound of the Baskervilles" ndi "The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes") adayambitsa chiyambi chonse cha zojambula za wotsogolera wamkulu - mu mafilimu okwana khumi ndi anayi.

Kuwonjezera pa kupanga mafilimu, Rathbone, pamodzi ndi Nigel Bruce, adagwira nawo mapulogalamu apadera a wailesi omwe adaperekedwa kwa adziko la Sherlock Holmes.

Pamene filimu yomaliza ya mndandanda wokhudzana ndi woyang'anira wamkulu wotchedwa "Prelude of Murder" idawomberedwa, Basil anasiya kuwonekera pawindo. Kamodzi kokha, nkhani ya Arthur Conan Doyle ya "Adventure ndi Black Baronet" idasindikizidwa, Rathbone anawonekera pawonekedwe la filimuyi.

Moyo waumwini

Mu 1914, woimbayo anakwatira mtsikana wina dzina lake Ethel Foreman, yemwe anali wamkulu zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi kuposa mwamuna wake. Chaka chotsatira, banjali linakhala ndi mwana wamwamuna, yemwe anamutcha Rodion.

Banjali linakhala limodzi mpaka 1926, pambuyo pa chisudzulo. Chifukwa chake ndi kusakhulupirika kwa Basil, chigololo pambali ndi wojambula Eva Le Gallienne.

Mu 1927, Rathbone anakwatira kachiwiri. Panthawiyi, mwini wake anali Wida Berger. Ana awo analibe, koma awiriwa anatenga mtsikana wina dzina lake Cynthia. Basil ndi Weida adadzitamandira chifukwa chokhala nawo maphwando opambana ku Hollywood. Chakudya chamadzulo ndi champagne chinayitanidwa kwa anthu apamtima kwambiri kuchokera ku malo odziwa ntchito.

Kutha kwa woyimba

July 21, 1967 Basil Rathbone anadwala matenda a mtima. Zinachitika ku New York. Madokotala sangathe kuthandizira. Mawu omalizira amene adatero, akugwira dzanja la mkazi wake: "Sindimopa imfa, koma ndibwino ngati idutsa."

Basil Rathbone anaikidwa m'mabanja a crypt ku Faircliffe Manda.