Baltic Nyanja: kuya, zimachititsa chilumbachi, kulongosola, malo Hrs

The Baltic Nyanja ndi gombe lake - malo osangalatsa, zinapatsira ndi ndimakumbukira Scandinavia, kuletsa malo awo a kumpoto. Kumasiyana ndi nyanja zina za chikhalidwe cha mpumulo, ndi makhalidwe kutentha kwa katundu wambiri. Baltika ali kwambiri mbiri ndi geopolitical kufunika kwa Russia.

malo Hrs

Baltic Nyanja pa mapu ndi kumpoto kwa Ulaya ndi wa Atlantic beseni. Limited 54 ° 46 'ndi 65 ° 56' kumpoto kumpoto ndi 9 ° 57 'ndi 30 ° 00' kum'mawa longitude. Mfundo yomaliza, imene ndi Baltic Nyanja pa mapu: Cha Arctic Circle kumpoto, pafupi Wismar kumwera, kum'mawa ali pafupi ndi St. Petersburg ndi kumadzulo mfundo kwambiri ili m'boma Flensburg.

Relief mozama ndi

Thandizo pansi ali kusiyana maganizo pang'ono kuchokera coastlines muzingochita ya Baltic Sea. Kuzama nawonso, komanso zimadalira chikhalidwe cha madera ozungulira. mbali South pa nyanja, wachokera ku Germany, Poland ndi Denmark, ndi mosabisa, mosabisa, magombe mchenga. Miyala ndi m'goli miyala pansi zili kumpoto. Kuya ndi zimachititsa chilumbachi nyanja ya Baltic zosiyana m'madera osiyana. Pansi ali ndi zovuta kuligaŵa pamwamba. Pali matendawa, kuti demarcate mapiri ndi zilumba maziko, zimene zimaphatikizapo Baltic Sea. Mozama kulikonse yaing'ono. Mwachitsanzo, pali malo anasonyeza mpumulo accumulative - ndi chochepa cha Finland, Riga ndi Bothnia.

Choncho, Baltic Nyanja ali akuya mamita osakwana 200. Depression ndi osiyana Landsortskaya. Kuya pazipita Nyanja Baltic ili m'dera limeneli ndi pafupifupi mamita 470. Landsortskaya beseni akutambasula m'njira kum'mwera kumadzulo. Ena - wamng'ono kuya: Gotland - 249 mamita ndi Gdańsk - 116 mamita m'chigawo chapakati pa nyanja Arkonskaya - 53 mamita ndi Bornholm - 105 mamita (kumadzulo).

Magombe ndi m'masautso

Zimatanthauza nyanja kumtunda. Cha kum'mwera kwa, pafupi ndi Nyanja North kudzera pamavuto Chidanishi (a Small ndi Great lamba, Mkokomo), Skagerrak ndi Kattegat.

Kum'mawa ndi Gulf wa Riga pakati Estonia ndi Latvia. Estonia Saaremaa mafupa pang'ono alekanitsa Bay ndi mbali yotsala ya nyanja. Koma pali lalikulu Chifinishi ndi Gulf wa Bothnia

Neva Bay - ndi kum'mawa gawo la Gulf wa Finland. Pa mtunda wa pafupifupi 50 kuchokera ku St. Petersburg, ndi chilumba cha Kotlin, amene anamanga mzinda wa Kronstadt. Damu zikugwirizana chilumbachi ndi mzinda wa St. Petersburg, khwalala chinaikidwa pa damu, kuti anthu amatha kupita kumtunda ndipo kumbuyo ndi galimoto.

Mu gawo kumpoto kum'mawa, kumene m'malire Russia ndi Finland, ndi Gulf wa Finland m'pamene kwa Vyborg Bay. Palinso zimachokera Saimaa Ngalande anausiya ndi Finland. Iwo amachita ntchito ya njira zoyendera ndi otchuka ndi alendo mu nyengo ofunda komanso. Alendo kuno ndi kukongola kwa malo, ndi udindo ufulu kugula.

kugombe

Baltic nyanja ndi osiyanasiyana. Mu Latvia gombe la mtundu kudzikundikira, popangidwa ndi kudzikundikira mchenga magombe. Lagoon popangidwa ndi nyanjayi ndipo ndi wosiyana nyanja ndi oblique chopapatiza yomwe ili ku Kaliningrad. Alimbane gombe ndi m'mphepete mwa mbali yaikulu ya nyanja, makamaka a Poland. Ndipo iwo anapanga mchikakamizo cha mphepo ofala ndi mafunde m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Fjords - lopapatiza kwambiri Magombe ndi phompho ndi ataliatali ovuta miyala yozungulira nyanja kuchokera kumpoto. Iwo anapanga ndi zolephera tectonic ndi madzi osefukira wa zigwa za mitsinje. kugombe Skerry anaonekera chifukwa cha madzi osefukira ndi ankawachotsera ndi oundana, apangidwe crystalline miyala. okwera awa polojekiti pamwamba pa nyanja ngati zilumba kupatula zilumba ndi kuda ntchito glacial.

Ndi mayiko Baltic Nyanja ndi linanena bungwe zotsatirazi - Russia, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Germany, Poland, Sweden, Denmark, Finland. Utatha la Soviet Union, Russia akhala gawo laling'ono la gombe, 7 kokha%, m'malo akale 25%, zomwe zimabweretsa boma zomvetsa pachaka. doko lina ku Primorsk Choncho anaika pafupi Vyborg, zomwe idzafotokoza khala ndi katundu youma. Doko wachiwiri ndi mu Luga Bay, zidzakhala mafuta potsegula.

njira tectonic

Mpaka lero, chikudziwikabe kusintha Baltic Sea. Iwo ali mozama wamng'ono poyerekeza ndi madera ena a ku Atlantic Ocean. Kwenikweni, thupi lalikulu madzi moyo wawo kangapo anakhala nyanja ndi nyanja kachiwiri chifukwa njira tectonic. Tsopano pali gawo lina la nyanja kupatukana nyanja ndi lisanduke madzi nyanja atsopano. Iwo amakhala ndi kuwuka kwa pansi pa Gulf wa Bothnia pachaka ndi masentimita angapo ndipo madzi anasefukira m'malire kum'mwera. njira zimenezi amapereka zofunika zokulitsa kumpoto doko m'madoko ankaba kuntchito kwawo. Chipulumutso cha mbali otsika a m'mbali mwa nyanja anapanga mulu.

zigawo kutentha

kuya, nayenso, zimadalira kutentha nyanja ya Baltic. Wochuluka wa mgodi waukulu wa madzi angathe kugawidwa pamwamba, Transitional ndiponso misa madzi.

Wosanjikiza pamwamba kuchokera mamita 0 20, kwanuko - kuchokera mamita 0 90 ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 0 kwa 20. Iwo aumbike mwa mogwirizana kwa nyanja ndi mlengalenga ndi madzi otsika kuchokera kumtunda. Baltic nyanja kutentha wosanjikiza izi mosiyanasiyana malingana ndi nyengo pa chaka. Chilimwe yaitali anasonyeza wapakatikati ozizira misa madzi, anapanga chifukwa Kutentha yofunika kwambiri pamwamba pa nyanja. Wosanjikiza kwambiri (pansi ndi mamita 50-60 pamwamba) ndi pa kutentha kwa madigiri 1 mpaka 15. wosanjikiza Izi aumbike mwa madzi kulowa mwa ndime Small ndi Large m'Galimoto ndi yogwira mtima.

Kutsatira kusintha wosanjikiza madzi kuchokera mamita 20-60 kuti 90-100 mozama. Iwo ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 2-6, popangidwa ndi kusakaniza madzi akuya ndi pamwamba zigawo.

NKHANI madzi kutentha Nyanja Baltic

Munthu Nyanja m'dera zimaonetsa nyumba osiyana madzi. Choncho, Bornholm m'dera ali wosanjikiza ofunda (7-11 madigiri) ndi chilimwe ndi chisanu. Iwo aumbike mwa madzi ofunda akubwera kuchokera kuno Arkonskogo mkangano dziwe. Ndi chifukwa kuya otsika madzi nyanja ndi kusuntha mu yopingasa ndege ozizira wosanjikiza wapakatikati palibe m'chilimwe.

Posintha kutentha nyengo

Zima poyera kutentha madzi nyanja ndi apamwamba kuposa gombe, ngakhale kuti ndi osiyana mu mphepete kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. Mu February kutentha ndi madigiri 0,7 pa Ventspilsa m'nyanja chomwecho kumpoto - pafupifupi 2 madigiri, kugombe la kumadzulo kwa - digiri 1.

M'chaka madzi pamwamba mu madera osiyana a nyanja amasiyana kutentha. Ofala mphepo nizitengedwa Western misa pamwamba madzi m'malire kumadzulo. The madzi chimapangitsa ozizira limatuluka pamwamba. Chifukwa cha zodabwitsazi m'madera kum'mwera ndi pakati, ndi kumadzulo amachepetsa m'malire kutentha. Komanso, kum'mwera m'mphepete mwa nyanja Sweden ndi panopa ozizira ku Gulf of Bothnia.

kusinthasintha nyengo mu madzi kutentha kutchulidwa okha chapamwamba mamita 50-60, mfundo zozama zosiyanasiyana pang'ono. Kusintha kutentha ozizira ndi kwina, koma ndi kuya zizindikiro kusiya pang'ono. Mu ofunda kutentha madzi limatuluka kuti mamita 20-30 M'maso mwa kusakaniza. Ngakhale m'chilimwe pamene mkangano madzi pamwamba wosanjikiza ndi thermocline umaonekera kwambiri kuposa kasupe, wosanjikiza wapakatikati awasungira ozizira.

Kuzama, zimachititsa chilumbachi ndi zina mwa nyanja ya Baltic zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Udindo Hrs, pokhala M'madera a zitunda kumpoto, komanso malawi mu mbale chokhala.