African mlamba: kulima ndi kuswana

Ndithudi onse m'zimene magolosale mu nsomba owerengera nsangalabwi mlamba. Ndipo kwambiri monga mtundu uwu wa nsomba, chifukwa nyama yake ndi yowutsa mudyo ndithu, zofewa ndi chokoma. Koma si aliyense amadziwa kuti nsomba zimenezi zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kukula paokha kapena famu yaing'ono nsomba. M'nkhaniyi tiona malamulo a kuswana ndi kulera nsomba pa munda, koma njira yomweyo iwe ukhoza kukula mlamba kudya munthu.

mlamba

Nthawi zambiri, anthu "mlamba nsangalabwi" - osati ndithu dzina yoyenera nsomba. Ndipotu, dzina - (. Latin Clarias gariepinus) Clarias gariepinus. nsomba ndi a ku Africa. Ngakhale madzi a Sahara aigwire Nile klariasa. Maonekedwe ndi wamba kwambiri mlamba, thupi lake yaitali bulauni mawanga ali ndi pamimba yowala. Chinthu chapadera wa mlamba onse - yaitali masharubu. Mu Klarius ndevu monga mmene 4 mabanja. mtundu wa nsomba akhoza pokonza mpweya mpweya ntchito nadzhaberny kupuma limba. Chifukwa chaichi, mlamba akubwera pamwamba ndi ladzala ndi mpweya. Ndi mbali zimenezi Klarius mophweka mu kulima. Palibe kufunika ndi madzi abwino. Komanso, mmodzi mita kiyubiki wa madzi zingabzalidwe za makilogalamu 300 a nsomba. Ndithudi, izi ndi zotheka ndi kuchotsa zonse ndowe.

Pakuti wambirimbiri nsomba muyenera kapena kugula maiwe wapadera kapena mwayi wokhala ndi thupi mokwanira waukulu wa madzi. Imodzi mwa mbali njira - kuthekera ntchito zina za madzi ofunda a Zoutamira ndi, imbaenda kuna bwino.

opanga

Ambiri mwa obereketsa - nsomba amakula msanga kuposa ena. mlamba African mungathe kuchita kuswana kwa 1.5 - 2 zaka. Akazi akhwime kugonana miyezi 6, koma zotsatira zabwino analandira pa zaka 2.

Childs, pamene kuswana kholo katundu kusungidwa akasinja payekha, imene madzi analimbikitsa kuti 23-25 madigiri Celsius. opanga chakudya pamafunika moyenera. Mapuloteni okhutira chakudya ayenera kukhala osachepera 38%. Anthu opanga tsiku amafunika kudya chakudya osachepera 1.5% ya kulemera kwake.

The mulingo woyenera kwambiri angapo opanga mu rybopriemnike wina - 100 payekha.

Kubalana lolamulidwa

Nthawi zambiri zopangidwa kugonana high quality, alimi yotithandiza jakisoni timadzi. Isanayambe utsogoleli wa timadzi kuti anagawira akazi mu m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera zosiyanasiyana kapena m'madamu.

masiku 2-3 asanayambe ndondomeko spawning n'kofunika nsomba pa njala zakudya. Single mlingo jekeseni ntchito pituitary, pa 4.5 mg wa pa kilogalamu thupi la nsomba.

African kuswana mlamba omwe anaganiza kuti apange jekeseni, mwangwiro kuyankha «Ovopel». Iwo kutumikiridwa kamodzi, ntchito mkanda umodzi pa kilogalamu nsomba. kukonzekera amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mawonekedwe a osakaniza thupi. Pamaso spawning amuna anali mu dziwe.

spawning

Pakuti bwino kusasitsa mazira azisunga ndi zazikazi spawning mu madzi ndi kutentha pafupifupi 26 madigiri. Full ovulation amapezeka mkati 12 HR. Pambuyo jekeseni wa pituitary lapansi.

African mlamba - ndithu nsomba mantha, kotero kuti mazira a akazi ayenera kuikidwa kugona. Izi zachitika ndi kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala mankhwala ochititsa. Nthawi zambiri ntchito «Propiscin».

Mazira amapangidwa ndi wina wamkazi payokha. Chidzapatsidwa anaona Sikoyenera ngati misa mazira ndi osachepera 20% mwa kulemera kwa munthu makamaka. Pambuyo ndondomeko wamkazi anaika mu njira KMnO4na nthawi ola. mankhwala ayenera kuchepetsedwa pa mlingo wa 0,5 ga pa malita 100 madzi.

Milt kwakukulukulu otengedwa gonads akhala anagwira amuna. umuna Efficacy kusungidwa maola 24 pa kutentha - madigiri 4.

umuna

The mazira chifukwa munalekanitsidwa patatu. Mazira a akazi osiyana ndi bwino kusakaniza. Aliyense kutumikira ayenera kulemera pafupifupi 300 magalamu. Ndiye tengani 3 ml ya mkaka. Mwachangu adzakhala apamwamba ngati mkaka adzakhala kwa amuna osiyana - Zimathandiza ndondomeko ya umuna. Choncho, ndi bwino kutenga 1 ml ya 3 amuna. Milt ndi roe m'munsi horoshenechko mu madzi ndi kuyambitsa kwa pafupi maminiti asanu.

degumming

Kamodzi ikuchitika umuna, mazira ayenera bwino rinsed. Pakuti ichi ntchito utoto njira. Pamafunika za 10 magalamu pa malita 10 a madzi. Kuti kwathunthu mazira obeskleit ayenera bwinobwino osambitsidwa ndi yankho ku masekondi 30.

makulitsidwe

Pambuyo mazira obeskleena, chimayambira mu makulitsidwe thireyi ya zipangizo zapadera. Mafelemu makulitsidwe ayenera nakonza mauna ndi mauna pafupifupi 0.5 mm. Caviar analigawa gululi wosanjikiza 1 mazira. Pamene madzi kutentha si madigiri apamwamba kuposa 27 kumachitika zikamera wa mphutsi. Popeza umuna mpaka mphutsi chimafikira pafupifupi 25 maola. The madzi mu thireyi chimadyedwa pa mlingo wa malita 10 pa mphindi.

Kusunga mphutsi

Mphutsi ayenera anakhalabe mu trays kapena m'madamu ang'onoang'ono resorption wa yolk sac. Kodi kukhala pa masiku awiri oyambirira kuika larva mu thamandalo, pite ku trays lapansi.

Clarias gariepinus, mphutsi asungike mu mdima. Patapita masiku atatu pambuyo resorption yomaliza ya yolk sac m'pofunika kuchotsa filimu, yokutidwa ndi nkhungu, kuchokera pansi thireyi. Ngati mphutsi timagwira ntchito - choncho ndi yolk sac ndi kwathunthu kusungunuka.

masiteji larval kulera

Gawo loyamba kumatenga za 3 masabata. kutha kumachitika pamene kupuma mlamba African akuyamba mpweya wa mumlengalenga.

Kudzala mphutsi mu nyengo imeneyi wofanana 100 mayunitsi pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Madzi ayenera kudzazidwa ndi mpweya mu dziwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa kuwombola ake. Kudyetsa mphutsi kufunika decapsulated Artemia kapena Tubifex. Patapita mlungu umodzi mu zakudya ndi kutumikiridwa kuyambira chakudya. kuyatsa ayenera kuponderezedwa kapena madzulo kuli kachisisira.

Mphutsi amasiyana kudya, kotero ndi kumapeto kwa gawo loyamba mwachibadwa zili mwachangu utachepa magawo 25-50 pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Mtundu nsomba kufunika tsogolo Msabata lachitatu. kusokonezedwa amenewa akhoza kumvutitsa mphutsi, kotero kusanja zizichitidwa mosamala kwambiri. Pambuyo pake, nsomba ola anachoka mu njira mankhwala.

Gawo lachiwiri kumatenga za 5 masabata. Kawirikawiri, mkombero limayamba ndi dziwe wodzazidwa bwino zosankhidwa mphutsi. chiwerengero chawo akhale bwino. 300-500 mg. Mphutsi ayenera zosankhidwa m'magulu 2 pa kukula.

Nthawi zambiri mwachangu mlamba African pansi kutenga nkhani kulemera yeniyeni ya nsomba ndi buku la dziwe. The zakudya tsiku, ogaŵikana 3 chakudya, ayenera kukhala pafupifupi 5% mwa kulemera kwa nsomba.

Gawo lotsatira ndi pafupi miyezi iwiri. Nsomba mu nthawi 130-200 GR ayenera kulemera. fingerling kukula kugunda zimadalira kachulukidwe wa kubzala. Pakuti maiwe 5 zikwi. Malita kubzala kachulukidwe ndi zidutswa 2.5 pa lita. Madzi kutentha osiyanasiyana madigiri 27.

Pa gawo lachitatu la chakudya chachikulu kwa mlamba African - akuyandama. Kudyetsa ndondomeko - makina kapena Buku. Madzi ayenera kusinthidwa pambuyo 2 h.

kulima

Kukula mlamba African pamaso ulaliki amatenga pafupifupi 50 masiku kuchokera tsiku akamaliza wachitatu siteji mphutsi kulera. Kulemera pafupifupi nsomba kuti mapeto a dongosolo lonse zingatenge mpaka makilogalamu 2. Pa gawo lino, mlamba African ili mu mabeseni a mphamvu za 10 masentimita kiyubiki. Pa malita awiri a madzi zingabzalidwe zosaposa nsomba 3. Njira imeneyi amapereka 400 makilogalamu a nsomba pa mita kiyubiki madzi.

Ambiri zambiri kudyetsedwa nsomba panthawi imeneyi akuyandama chakudya. Voliyumu ya chakudya ndi za 3% ya kulemera kwa nsomba. Kumudyetsa muyenera za maulendo 5 pa tsiku.

zotsatira zabwino chingapezeke ntchito wodyetsa "reflex". A wodyetsa mtundu umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mabwalo 10 m'dera dziwe.

Buku kudya umaonetsera kwambiri ngakhale yogawa chakudya. Apa tikutengegeredwa ku zosiyanasiyana za Unyinji wa nsomba. African kuswana mlamba kuti kumachitika m'njira ankalamulira, amasonyeza kwambiri kunenepa m'kanthawi kocepa.

Nditamaliza magawo onse a nsomba ali zosankhidwa. Anawonetsa mlingo yabwino ya kunenepa ndi kukula kwa anthu zotsala kwa kuswana zina, ena nsomba anatumiza kukhazikitsa. Pools ndi trays atasankha nsomba kutsukidwa ndi kuyeretsa mpaka m'badwo wotsatira. Musanagwiritse ntchito yatsopano ankachitira ndi njira antiseptic.

Popeza ndi mkulu pafupifupi kutentha kwa madzi kawetedwe mlamba African n'chotheka kum'mwera kwa Russia. Panopa zikugwira kuswana wa mlamba mu chigawo cha Krasnodar Gawo Temryuk.