4216. Engine UMZ-4216. makhalidwe luso

Tsopano wotchuka ndi wamba magalimoto malonda GAZ injini okonzeka ndi UMP, osabala pa Ulyanovsk Njinga Bzalani.

A mbiri pang'ono

Magwero a Ulyanovsk Njinga Ntchito amatenga lakutali 1944, ndipo kokha mu 1969 woyamba injini kampani mtundu UFG linatulutsidwa. Kwa chaka sikisite naini, fakitare chinkhoswe kupanga injini yaing'ono UMZ-451 ndi zigawo zawo. mokhulupirika Popeza kutulutsidwa kwa galimoto choyamba ntchito magalimoto, magalimoto ndi mtanda pamwamba pa mabasi yaing'ono. Mu 1997, ogula waukulu injini LPG anakhala amene n'zochititsatu mayunitsi UMP ambiri a zanyengo "Mbawala" mzere.

mbali Design

Pa nthawi, pali osiyanasiyana a mkati kuyaka injini masanjidwe UMP, unsembe ikuchitika pa zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za "Sobol" magalimoto UAZ, "Mbawala." injini wokwera ali zingapo zochititsa wamba, koma amasiyana zina ndi mfundo za ntchito:

• Carbureted ndi mafuta jekeseni.
• Zinayi yamphamvu mu mzere dongosolo.
• Mphamvu malita 89-120. a.
• mfundo Environmental "Yuro-0", "Yuro-3", "Yuro-4".

injini zonse opepuka, yaying'ono ndi odalirika. Iwo yodziwika ndi mtengo wololera.

Mmodzi mwa makhalidwe a injini angatchedwe pulani yoyambirira ya chipika injini kuponyedwa ku zotayidwa, ndi kumkanikiza mu mikono ya chitsulo chosungunula. Crankshafts Motors zosintha zonse kupanga mayesedwe othetsa m'dzikoli komanso crankpins mkulu-pafupipafupi mafunde. Samopodzhimnoy mphira stuffing bokosi zisindikizo kumbuyo kwa crankshaft lapansi.

zosintha masanjidwe

Motors UMP awiri powertrain masanjidwe, cholinga chake ndi magalimoto osiyana.

Cars "Mbawala" banja anamaliza zitsanzo zotsatirazi: UMZ-4215; UMZ-4216; UMZ-42161; UMP-42164 "Yuro-4"; UMP-421647 "Yuro-4"; UMZ-42167.

Mbali yaikulu ya injini akufalitsidwa mu yofanana angapo amene amasiyana mtolo awo, moshchnostnymi ndi zizindikiro ndalama. Pa nthawi, zinatha mayunitsi kupanga akuthamanga petulo ndi octeni mlingo wa 80.

Motors onse anaikira 92 ndi 95 mafuta, komanso kutha kugwira ntchito mpweya.

Mwachidule odzipereka mphamvu wagawo UMP-4216 adzakhala zofunikila mu makhalidwe ake ndi katundu.

zitumbuwa

Ndi ubwino mota pa ufulu kuchitira makokedwe pazipita imathamanga otsika, makhalidwe kwambiri luso, komanso chomasuka zigawo yokonza ndiponso ikuluikulu. Engine 4216 anakhala munthu woyamba m'banja chipangizo chamagetsi lomwe lili ndi nthawi chitsimikizo cha unsembe zida mafuta pa izo.

wamakono

wagawo ndi okonzeka ndi microprocessor ulamuliro dongosolo ntchito jekeseni wa mafuta osakaniza ndi dongosolo poyatsira. Detonation ndi injini mpweya masensa 4216 chimakhudza machitidwe a dongosolo zovuta pakompyuta-kulamulira ndi wagawo wonse. Kusintha ntchito zachuma ndi mpikisano mu amagetsi zotsatirazi kuwonjezapo structural zinalengedwa:

• mlingo wa psinjika mu zonenepa wakhala kuchuluka kusintha ntchito ntchito.
• Pofuna kuchepetsa mafuta, akweza crankcase kuda.
• Kudalirika kwa galimoto zilipo pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zapamwamba ndi mbali.

Pa nthawi yomweyo unit ndi sanasinthe mawu a magawo ooneka enieni ndi makhalidwe a muyezo (ntchito buku - 2,89 L, sitiroko, yamphamvu kukula).

Choyamba GAZ-4216 injini anamukwiyira m'chinyumba ichi ndi mbali kunja, amene adakula khalidwe ndi durability ntchito kokha. Mphamvu wagawo anaika mphanvu igniter ndi mafuta injectors umatulutsa "Siemens" komanso fulumizitsa malo kachipangizo anapanga Germany "Bosch".

The malfunctions yaikulu ya UMP ndi

Poyamba, ambiri injini kusokonezeka akhoza kusokoneza zakudya zobwezedwa. Monga kutukula, ndi injini 4216 anaika wokhometsa opangidwa ndi nsalu wosalimba. Koma mu 2010, vuto limeneli anakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu bwino khalidwe.

Dongosolo yozizira komanso anali wapezeka chilema. Imathamanga sing'anga injini ndipo pamene galimoto pa 60 Km / h coolant kutentha zambiri, koma anangobatizidwa kuchepetsa liwiro kapena kulowa magalimoto kupanikizana, injini 4216 mofulumira kupeza kutentha kwa otentha coolant. chifukwa anali zowalamulira atomu, zomwe zinali kukakamizidwa yozizira fani.

mankhwala mfundo

Engine kuthamanga mafuta AI ndi octeni nambala 92 ndi 95. The zinayi yamphamvu, mu mzere mayikidwe a yamphamvu vosmiklapanny. zonenepa ndi zotsatirazi ndondomeko ntchito - 1243. awiri zake zana millimeters ndi kusamuka kwa pisitoni ndi - 92 millimeters. Kusamutsidwa ndi wofanana ndi malita 2,89, akufotokozera mphamvu 123 "kavalo" pamene zikwi zinayi akutembenukira. Psinjika injini - 8,8. The makokedwe pazipita 235,7 pa kusintha 2000-2500 pa mphindi.

"Mbawala" ndi injini UMZ-4216 angafikire liwiro pazipita makilomita 140 pa ola limodzi, limene kwa kalasi magalimoto ndi chizindikiro chabwino. mafuta zimadalira katundu galimoto, galimoto lingo ndi galimoto zinthu, koma ambiri ali motere: liwiro la makilomita 90 pa ola - 10,4 malita. Pamene galimoto pa liwiro la 120 Km / h - 14,9 malita.

dongosolo kotunga

Amakhala ndi chipangizo mafuta okwanira ndi osiyana mizere mafuta, injectors, mafuta ndi mpweya Zosefera, mapaipi mpweya okwanira ndi wolandirayo, kusakhala ndi chochita yang'anira.

mafuta okwanira ulamuliro imagwiridwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyana masensa: kutentha mchitidwe mlandu mpweya, ndi kachipangizo crankshaft malo ndi camshaft item kuthamanga mtheradi, fulumizitsa vavu malo. dongosolo kotunga Amasamala komanso zida ndi chizindikiro oxygen. Last anaika mu dongosolo utsi pamaso pa Converter othandizira. The injini 4216 (injector) kuti kudalirika wamkulu ndi durability ntchito kokha pa mafuta apamwamba ndi m'malo zonse Zosefera mafuta ndi mafuta zodziwitsa matenda zida. Ziziyenda kuti ntchito phokoso la chuma okwana unit mphamvu kungakhale makilomita mpaka 500 zikwi. Mbali imeneyi chimasiyanitsa injector ndi unsembe Zavolzhsky injini mbewu (kutanthauza injini ZMZ 405 ndi 406).

limagwirira mpweya kufalitsidwa

Mu 2010, Ulyanovsk mbewu petulo injini kakusintha ndondomeko wamakono wa nthawi ya. Ambiri, kusintha bwanji kamera mbiri za kamera, amene anathandiza ndi kuwonjezeka vavu kuyenda millimeter wina. kusintha zimenezi n'zofunika kusintha ntchito azilandira wagawo ndi kusakhala ndi chochita, ndi kukwaniritsa mfundo ndi zofuna za "Yuro-3" muyeso.

Vavu akasupe nthawi yomweyo sizinasinthe, ndipo zimenezi zinachititsa chakuti mphamvu pa mlingo masika anawoloka, ndipo tsopano wofanana makilogalamu 180. Pamene khazikitsa ochiritsira ya ndodo kuti boma lotsatira mpaka injini analimbikitsa mmwamba injini amapatutsidwa knockings kuuza.

Pofuna kupewa vuto limeneli, kusintha mphamvu ya akasupe ndi kuchotsa kwa mkati vavu masika.

Ubwino ndodo ndi hydrojacks

Engine UMZ-4216 ndi hydrojacks sikutanthauza kukonza zina chifukwa pakalibe zosayembekezereka wa backlashes kuli nthambi mu nthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, kwambiri yafupika milingo phokoso. Mkulu injini liwiro salinso kunyamula khalidwe loipa, monga pomanga kuuza anaika chinthu cha olimba wa zosayembekezereka ya katundu yovuta. Mlingo wa avale wa pamalo mating a mbali ya limagwirira ndi yafupika kwambiri. Chifukwa konza mpweya kufalitsidwa gawo Mankhwala oipitsa utsi mpweya stably otsika lonse nthawi ya opaleshoni.

Nsombazi

galimoto ali okonzeka ndi dongosolo mpweya wabwino chatsekedwa mtundu M'mimbamo nyumba. Part mpweya kuyenda mumphete psinjika amachoka mu zakudya zobwezedwa mu njira kuphatikiza. opareshoni dongosolo ikuchitika ndi kusiyana kuthamanga pakati pa crankcase ndi kapepala zakudya. Pa nthawi imene injini 4216 ikugwira ntchito mwa maganizo mkulu, mipweya amachotsedwa kudzera wapadera nthambi zikuluzikulu.

Pa otsika flue mpweya kumaliseche nthambi kumachitika pa nthawi ya mbewu pa ulesi ndi pa katundu osachepera.

The chikuto wagawo pushrods anaika damper mpweya dongosolo, amene amachita ntchito ya kulekanitsa microparticles mafuta ndi gasi akutumikira kupewa fumbi kulowa crankcase pa nthawi ya kukula adaponya dongosolo zakudya.

mafuta

Engine kondomu dongosolo - mtundu kuphatikiza (kuwaza ndi opanikizika). The mafuta mpope limene lili mafuta sump chimadutsa ndime mafuta mafuta fyuluta nyumba. Izo ndiye akulowa M'mimbamo wa chipika yachiwiri jumpers, ndiyeno - mu thunthu. Pa magazini yaikulu ya crankshaft ndi camshaft mafuta amaperekedwa pa mzere mafuta.

Zikhomo tiyipukuse ali afewetsedwa likuvutika revenues mafuta kupyolera mu njira ya mayendedwe waukulu. Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi pali mafuta nthawi zambiri.

Voliyumu ya mafuta anazitsanulira mwa crankcase ndi 5,8 malita.

dongosolo kuzirala

chatsekedwa dongosolo yozizira, madzi. Amakhala ndi mpope madzi (mpope), ndi njira imodzi jekete madzi mu yamphamvu chipika ndi mutu coolant Redieta thanki extender, fani amakakamizidwa kuzirala, mapaipi kulumikiza ndi chotenthetsera Redieta mkati.

"Mbawala" Engine 4216 malingana kusinthidwa mwina Mbali malinga ndi kugwirizana ndondomeko thanki patsogolo ndi chotenthetsera Redieta.

Pa nthawi imeneyi, mtengo injini zingasiyane malingana ndi chaka lachitsanzo pa kukometsa ake. Mwachitsanzo, zida woyamba ndi pamaso pa jenereta sitata, ndi mtundu zowalamulira zakulera, ndi planar akuthandiza m'mabokosi pansi chimango kusinthidwa ndalama za zikwi 130.

Ngati inu kugula injini 4216 dzanja, mtengo adzakhala kwambiri yafupika (malingana ndi mtunda wa magalimoto).

Choncho, tidadzatulukira amene ali ndi makhalidwe luso makina Ulyanovsk mbewu UMZ-4216.