Zambiri dosimeter manja: chiwembu. Cheza dosimeters ndi manja awo

Dosimeters amatchedwa zipangizo zimene zifunika mphamvu muyeso wa ionizing cheza. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti ena zitsanzo ali Komanso akhoza kuonanso mphamvu ya mlingo. Rentgenmetry ntchito kwa dosimetry. The mbali yaikulu ya chipangizo zosangalatsa kuganizira chowunikira. The chizindikiro tilinazo ndi yosiyana. Ambiri, zipangizozi akhoza kugawidwa mu zosintha akatswiri ndi kunyumba.

zitsanzo wapadera kuti anapangidwa kuti zinthu ntchito katundu ntchito asilikali. Nawonso kusinthidwa mafakitale anaikira polojekiti mosalekeza cheza. Sungani dosimeters cheza ndi manja awo ndi wosavuta. Komabe, izi amangonena za zipangizo ogula. Kuti chitsanzo akatswiri, muyenera kusanthula chiwembu cha zipangizozi.

Ogula lachitsanzo Mphindi 3

Anasonkhanitsa polojekiti ndi manja ake kwa mphindi 3 ndi wosavuta. Choyamba, tiyenera kutenga botolo ndi mphamvu osachepera malita 1.5. Pambuyo pake, chipangizo adzafunika lokhala ndi mtengo mtundu Tester. Choyamba, mabotolo pulasitiki ayenera kudulidwa. Ndi cholinga ichi bwino ntchito mpeni. Chotsatira amayikidwa mu mphamvu Tester. Kenako, kumanga yosavuta polojekiti manja awo, kuti chikugwirizana ndi wochititsa lapansi.

Capacitor Mwaichi ayenera kutsegula. Pamwamba pa inabala mabowo kwa masipoko lapansi. Ndi bwino kukatenga mkuwa, ndi m'mimba mwake ndi zosakwana 1.2 mm. Chifukwa cha kufunika kusindikiza botolo ndi ntchito tepi magetsi. Pamene Tester chizindikiro kwa masingano ndi kuwapereka kwa resistor lapansi. Chifukwa, mphamvu cheza ionizing chimaonetsedwa pa chipangizo.

The dosimeter malata

Kupanga dosimeter ndi manja awo kunja kwa akhoza, mungathe, ngati inu kukonzekera pasadakhale lumikiza capacitor ndi Tester umodzi-mtengo. Pankhaniyi, mabotolo pulasitiki chipangizo si chofunika. Pa pansi pa akhoza n'kofunika kuchita dzenje kakang'ono masipoko. Kenako, capacitor waikidwa mu chidebe. The resistor, nayenso, ayenera kukhala mwachindunji m'pamene Tester lapansi. Pambuyo pa zimenezi kokha kukonza una singano mu mabanki.

Chipangizo ndi chowunikira ziwiri waya

Ndi ziwiri waya chowunikira dosimeter m'mene tingamangire ndi manja awo? Ndipotu, ngati inu kukatenga zigawo zonse zofunikira, ntchito imeneyi ndi doable. Makamaka kukolola capacitance kwa chipangizo. Monga ulamuliro, iwo anasankha mtundu wa pulasitiki. kukula kwake zimadalira amadalira kukula kwa chowunikira lapansi. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti lumikiza capacitor chofunika kumanga chitsanzo. Zikatero, m'pofunika kukonzekera resistors atatu.

Komanso kuti dosimeter ndi manja ake, anatengedwa damper. Pakuti zitsanzo ndi chowunikira ziwiri waya, iye anasankha yekha njira umodzi. Muyenera kukhazikitsa mwachindunji ku condenser lapansi. Rectifiers kwa dosimeters wa mtundu uwu ali ngati kumveka yekha. Nawonso dilators ntchito ndi akatswiri m'malo osowa. Mwachindunji kuona dzuwa ndi kumwa mankhwala kudzera capacitor. Komanso tisaiwale kuti chipangizo damper iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kwa chowunikira lapansi.

Ntchito zoyesera atatu waya

Kodi kupanga dosimeter ndi manja ake atatu chikudutsa mtundu? Mwakucimbidza tisaiwale kuti izi ndi zovuta. Kodi atatu chikudutsa chipangizo kwa zosintha akatswiri ndi cholinga kuyeza osati mlingo-Poyankha, komanso mphamvu cheza. Kukhazikitsa ndi chowunikira n'kofunika pokhapokha zonse kudzera capacitors ali wokwera pa nyumba ya. Pankhaniyi, resistors akugwiritsidwa kokha gated.

Nawonso dampers ali oyenera osakwatiwa-njira. Extender mu nkhani iyi, muyenera pafupipafupi otsika. kokha rectifiers resonant ntchito kuyeza mphamvu cheza. Pakuti unsembe wawo chofunika ntchito chitsulo soldering. Zener diodes mu makina onga ntchito kawirikawiri ndithu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti zolakwa mu miyeso awo ndi mkulu. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti kuika mphamvu cheza zimadalira mtundu wa resistor linanena bungwe. Nthawi zambiri izo amasankhidwa electrolyte.

Kugwiritsa resistors vekitala

Kusonkhana ndi resistors ndi vekitala kuwunika manja awo (chiwembu pansipa) zitha wophatikizidwa ndi zoyesera kompyuta. Pakali pano, kugula iwo ku sitolo zovuta. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mankhwala mu nthawi yathu ndi ofunika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kawambidwe kena zoyesera. Ikani resistors zofunika pokhapokha Kupeza Ndime ya condenser lapansi. Mu ena zitsanzo za soldered mayunitsi awiri. Pankhaniyi, kulimbikira dera zoipa zina kufika 30 ohms. Yolondola muyeso ali kwambiri anakhudzidwa. Komanso pa lolondola chipangizo imene ingakhudze capacitance. Nthawi zambiri, iwo amasankhidwa ndi 20 PF. Zonsezi ndi kumupatsa kwambiri tilinazo chitsanzo.

Komanso kuti dosimeter ndi manja ake, anapereka rectifier. Iye ali mu nkhani iyi abwino mtundu resonant. Komabe, Pamalo chitsanzo amadziwikanso kuonedwa ndi akatswiri ambiri. Pa nthawi imeneyi n'kofunika kwambiri kuwerengera magawo a kulowelela mu atomu. Kuchepetsa chikoka cha chilengedwe, akatswiri ambiri amalangiza khazikitsa midadada electrostatic mu chipangizo. Muzigula sitolo kungakhale wosavuta. Ndi zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito otsika mphamvu choyambitsa. Komabe, zinthu zimenezi, kukana sizabwino dosimeter ndi angadwale kwambiri. Kuti pafupipafupi mosinthana sanalembedwepo pafupipafupi, izo m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito akapsa Integrated.

Ntchito resistors Integrated

Ndi resistors yofunika kuchita kumodzi polojekiti manja awo (chiwembu pansipa) kungakhale kudya. Choyamba kudzatenga kukatenga thupi. Pankhaniyi, mungagwiritse ntchito bokosi pulasitiki. Komanso kuti dosimeter ndi manja anu, muyenera kukhazikitsa damper. Nthawi zambiri izo amasankhidwa ndi mtundu Mipikisano njira. Nawonso chitsanzo osakwatiwa-njira kuwerenga mkulu molondola musataye.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti akatswiri ambiri kulengeza ntchito owerengera. Monga ulamuliro, iwo amasankhidwa bayinare mtundu. Muyenera kukhazikitsa iwo mwachindunji chowunikira lapansi. Pankhaniyi, pambuyo capacitors ndi soldered resistors. okwana awo dosimeter ndi Pakufunika mayunitsi atatu. The woyamba wayikidwa mwachindunji chowunikira lapansi. tilinazo ake kumadalira mtundu wa expander. The zina capacitors awiri wokwera pa mbali lakunja la rectifier lapansi. Adzakula ntchito ndi blowtorch.

A chitsanzo yosavuta ya transistor PP20

Kusonkhanitsa mtundu wa dosimeters cheza ndi manja awo n'kovuta, koma ayenera kumvetsa kuti chowunikira ndi Pankhaniyi kupsa kokhako zimachitika. Ikani ayenera transistor rectifier. Extenders Mwaichi osankhidwa mtundu makamaka analogi. Zonsezi ndi zofunika kuti molondola kwambiri kuyeza mphamvu cheza. Mwazina, n'kofunika kusankha kauntala khalidwe dosimeter lapansi. Nthawi zambiri izo ntchito ndi gawo chizindikiro. The zosintha ambiri amagulitsidwa ku masitolo ndi olemba K17. LEDs kwa mtundu uwu zipangizo ntchito kawirikawiri ndithu. Nawonso testers akhoza kukhazikitsa yekha mtundu otsika-pafupipafupi. Tilinazo ali otsika kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa transistor PP30

Transistors wa mtundu uwu amene anaika, zambiri pa chitsanzo cha akatswiri. Madutsidwe iwo wabwino, koma amatha kugwira ntchito ndi zoyesera ziwiri waya yekha lembani. Anasonkhanitsa polojekiti ndi manja ake mu malo oyamba kuti nyumba kwa chipangizo. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kusankha muyezo wa khalidwe dosimeter chikudutsa capacitor.

mphamvu ayenera kukhala osachepera mlingo wa 40 PF. Zonsezi ndi zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kukana zoipa dera la anakhalabe pa 20 ohms. Likusuntha pafupipafupi Pankhaniyi akhoza lizilamuliridwa ndi rectifier lapansi. Kuona mphamvu cheza ntchito ndi damper ochiritsira. Ikani transistor P30 n'chotheka pambuyo loko expander. Emiternye zener diodes ntchito zambiri Komabe, kudziwa mlingo-Poyankha, iwo kumveka ngati chinthu choipa.

Chitsanzo cha Kakhungu capacitor

zakulera zipangizo mtundu chibwenzi ndi zofala. Poyerekeza ndi capacitors kukwera, iwo amasiyana wotsikirapo tilinazo. Pamene izi kukana dera zoipa zambiri osati oposa 3 ohms. Zonsezi zikusonyeza kuti ndi lolondola cheza mphamvu ya zipangizo amenewa si mkulu. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mu nkhani iyi zoyesera ndi yekhayo woyenera ziwiri waya mtundu. Ambiri, chitsanzo ndi yaying'ono, koma makhalidwe ndi yosiyana. Enhancers kwa capacitors awa ali oyenera electrostatic mtundu. Nawonso rectifiers ntchito onse analogi ndi kumveka bwino.

Komabe, akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kuti asiye njira yachiwiri chikusintha molondola kuwerenga. Akapsa kwa dosimeters awa abwino pafupifupi mphamvu. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti zener diodes ntchito zipangizo kawirikawiri. Mu nkhani iyi, dampers kuwonjezera tilinazo ayenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi resistors awiri.

Kugwiritsa capacitors burodibandi

Burodibandi kusinthidwa tsiku n'zochepa. Tilinazo si bwino. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti iwo sangathe kudziwa mphamvu cheza. Zoyesera nthawi zambiri anasankhidwa ndi zipangizo atatu chikudutsa mtundu. Motero, kukula, lalikulu ndithu. dampers ndi anaika zosiyanasiyana dosimeters. Kuonjezera molondola kuwerenga zambiri ntchito zosintha Mipikisano njira. Pafupipafupi EMI mu nkhani anapatsidwa zimadalira kalasi ya rectifier lapansi. Ambiri a iwo kukhala akatswiri ndi bandiwifi otsika.

Nthawi zambiri angapezeke zaikidwa MP30. zosintha Komanso kudziwika kalasi MR40. Lowetsani ayankhe iwo si mkulu, koma kulimbikira iwowo angathe kupirira otsika. Ikani capacitors pa chipangizo ayenera pokhapokha fixation mwachindunji chowunikira. Tiyeneranso adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti resistors kwa madera amafuna atatu. The woyamba uyenera soldered pa chiyambi cha unyolo. Mu nkhani iyi, ena resistors ziwiri zofunika pa expander lapansi.

otsika tilinazo dosimeter ndi

Dosimeters otsika tilinazo nthawi zambiri ntchito ndi asilikali. Kusonkhana ndi chitsanzo cha mtundu uwu, muyenera kusankha kachipangizo khalidwe. Pa owerengera chomwecho ntchito zambiri ndi zizindikiro segmental. Nawonso capacitors kwa zosintha amenewa ndi abwino kwambiri kufala mtundu. Resistors, akatswiri ambiri amalangiza kuti analogi.

Zonsezi ndi zofunika kuti kuwonjezera tilinazo chipangizo mlingo ankafuna. Akapsa ku zitsanzo za mphamvu otsika ntchito nthawi zambiri. Zolemba malire kukana iwowo ayenera kukhala pa 4 ohms. Kuti zimenezi zitheke kachipangizo ayenera lakonzedwa 5 ohms. mlingo linanena bungwe kumadalira luso la capacitor lapansi. Dampers ku zipangizo za mtundu uwu ndi kwina.