WPA2-PSK - ndichiyani? Security Mtundu WPA2-PSK

Opanda zingwe LAN kugwirizana tsopano sitinganene kuti chinachake kuchokera wamba. Komabe, ambiri owerenga (makamaka eni zipangizo lamya) akukumana ndi vuto la mtundu wa dongosolo chitetezo ntchito: WEP, WPA, kapena WPA2-PSK. Kodi mtundu wa sayansi, tsopano tikuona. Komabe, chidwi kwambiri ilipiridwa kuti izo WPA2-PSK, kuyambira zothandizira mipingo yawo ili tsopano ndi otchuka.

WPA2-PSK: Ndi chiyani icho?

Tiyeni tinene yomweyo: dongosolo la chitetezo cha aliyense m'dera kulumikiza Intaneti opanda zingwe zochokera Wi-Fi. Kachitidwe yikidwa mawaya zochokera makadi maukonde kuti ntchito kugwirizana kudzera Efaneti, ndi ogwirizana.

WiFi-network chitetezo ntchito WPA2-PSK luso tsopano kwambiri "zotsogola". Ngakhale ena njira chakale kuti zimafunika kulowa ndi kufunsitsa achinsinsi, komanso yokhudza kubisa deta tcheru ku phwando ndi HIV, onani, kunena zoona, achibwana prattle. Apa pali chifukwa.

chitetezo mitundu

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti mpaka posachedwapa ndi otetezedwa kwambiri luso chitetezo kugwirizana imatengedwa WEP dongosolo. Izo ntchito ndi kiyi wokhulupirika ndi kulumikiza opanda zingwe ndi devaysa aliyense lamulo IEEE 802. 11i.

WiFi-network chitetezo WPA2-PSK ntchito mfundo ndi pafupi zofanana, koma limafufuza mwayi kiyi kukuchitika 802. 1X mlingo. M'mawu ena, dongosolo limafufuza mitundu n'kotheka.

Komabe, pali atsopano luso, wotchedwa WPA2 ogwira ntchito. Mosiyana WPA, lili osati munthu mwayi kiyi kupempha, komanso pamaso pa makina utali wozungulira kupereka mwayi. M'menemo ngati kutsimikizika aligorivimu akhoza kuthamanga imodzi mwa modes angapo (mwachitsanzo, ogwira ntchito ndi PSK, choncho mtsikana AES CCMP kubisa mlingo).

chitetezo Basic ndi ndondomeko chitetezo

Komanso kusiya m'mbuyomu, njira zamakono chitetezo ntchito protocol chomwecho. Iwo TKIP (dongosolo WEP chitetezo zochokera pomwe mapulogalamu ndi RC4 aligorivimu). Zonsezi zikusonyeza kanthawi kiyi athandizira kwa mwayi kwa maukonde.

Monga momwe ntchito yothandiza, pakokha aligorivimu wapadera kugwirizana otetezeka kwa maukonde opanda zingwe siyikuperekedwa. choyamba, WPA, WPA2 kenako, wodzilemekeza ndi PSK (kupeza munthu kiyi) ndi TKIP (zosatha nkhani): Ichi ndi chifukwa chake umisiri watsopano yapangidwa. Komanso, apa anali m'gulu kubisa deta pa phwando-HIV, lero kudziwika monga muyezo AES.

luso chakale

Security Mtundu WPA2-PSK zimakhalanso posachedwapa. Izi zisanachitike, monga zanenedwa pamwambapa, tingagwiritse ntchito dongosolo WEP molumikizana ndi TKIP. Protection TKIP kanthu kena, monga njira kukula pang'ono passkey. Panopa akukhulupirira kuti zofunika mode kiyi zimathandiza kuwonjezera ku Akamva 40 128 Akamva. Ndi zonse izi, mukhoza kusintha limodzi WEP kwambiri kwa yosiyanasiyana kwaiye ndipo anatumiza yapa polumikiza, kupoletsa wosuta kutsimikizika pa malowedwe.

Komanso, dongosolo zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ufumu okhwima yogawa chinsinsi, komanso njira ya kuchotsa otchedwa vuto la predictability. M'mawu ena, pamene Mwachitsanzo, kwa maukonde opanda zingwe kuti akugwiritsa ntchito chitetezo WPA2-PSK, achinsinsi ndi chinaneneratu ngati mtundu wa "123456789" ndondomeko, si zovuta ndikuganiza kuti mapulogalamu chomwecho, magudumu kiyi ndi mapasiwedi ankatchedwa keygen kapena chinachake chonga icho, pamene inu kulowa woyamba manambala anayi angathe kukuthandizani kupanga zinayi lotsatira. Pano, monga iwo amati, sayenera kukhala imodzi yokha ndikuganiza mtundu wa ndondomeko ntchito. Koma mwina kale bwino, chitsanzo losavuta.

Koma tsiku la kubadwa kwa wosuta mu achinsinsi, izo si takambirana. Inu mosavuta masamu malinga deta kulembetsa chomwecho pa Intaneti. Okha mapasiwedi M'ndandanda wa mtundu uwu ndi wosadalirika kwathunthu. Ndi bwino ntchito, pamodzi kanjedza, makalata ndi zizindikiro (n'zothekanso nonprinting anapereka maumboni ma "otentha" makiyi) ndi danga. Komabe, ngakhale ndi njira imeneyi, akulimbana WPA2-PSK akhoza kunyamula. Apa ndi bwino kufotokoza njira ntchito dongosolo.

Chitsanzo aligorivimu Access

mawu Tsopano pang'ono za WPA2-PSK System. Ndi chiyani icho mu mawu a tiligwiritse ntchito? Ndi mitundu ma aligorivimu angapo, titero, mu mode opaleshoni. Tiyeni kulongosola zinthu chitsanzo.

Choncho, ndi ndondomeko ya kayendetsedwe ka kuphedwa kuteteza kugwirizana ndi kubisa wa mudziwe opatsirana kapena kulandira chiri motere:

WPA2-PSK (WPA-PSK) + TKIP + AES.

Pankhaniyi, apa chachikulu ntchito za chinsinsi nawo (PSK) kuti ndi zilembo 8 kuti 63. Kodi mtundu wa ma aligorivimu zinayendera (ngati kubisa limapezeka koyamba, kapena pambuyo kulanda, kapena m'kati ntchito mwachisawawa intermediates kiyi, ndi zina zotero. D.) Kodi kukhala okhudzidwa, zilibe kanthu.

Koma ngakhale mu kukhalapo kwa chitetezo ndi dongosolo kubisa pa mlingo AES 256 (kunena za chinsinsi kubisa pang'ono) kuwakhadzula WPA2-PSK kwa hackers, waluso pankhani imeneyi, zidzakhala ntchito, ngakhale kovuta, koma n'kotheka.

kusatetezeka

Back mu 2008, pa msonkhano PacSec inali kuperekedwa njira kuti amalola kuthyolako kugwirizana opanda zingwe ndi kuwerenga deta kuchokera ku rauta kwa osachiritsika kasitomala. Tinayenda 12-15 Mphindi. Komabe, osokoneza postback (zikufuna rauta) ndipo analephera.

mfundo ndi yakuti pamene mode QoS rauta, mukhoza osati kuwerenga mfundo opatsirana, koma m'malo ndi yabodza a. Mu 2009, asayansi Japanese apereka luso chimene chimathandiza kuchepetsa nthawi kupuma yokha. Ndipo mu 2010 panali zokhudza Web ndi chophweka njira kuswa mu gawo 196 dzenje pano mu WPA2, ntchito payekha chinsinsi chake.

About kusokonezedwa aliyense mu mafungulo kwaiye si akulankhula. Choyamba otchedwa dictionary kuukira, pamodzi ndi "chakuthengo mphamvu", ndipo scanned malo opanda zingwe kukakumana ndi mapaketi kuti opatsirana ndi kujambula anayamba. Wokwanira wosuta kulumikiza, ngati izi zimachitika izo deauthorize kudutsana wa koyamba kufala paketi (chanza). Pambuyo pake, ngakhale kupeza pafupi ndi mwayi tanenazi chofunika. Mukhoza mwakachetechete ntchito yomwe muli osalumikizidwa. Komabe, kuchita zonse zimenezi adzafunika mapulogalamu.

Kodi osokoneza WPA2-PSK?

Zifukwa zoonekeratu, pali aligorivimu lathunthu kuswa kugwirizana superekedwa chifukwa angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mtundu wa mtsogoleri kanthu. Kuyang'ana pa mfundo zazikulu, kenako - yekha mu mawu ambiri.

Childs, ndi mwachindunji mwayi rauta akhoza n'kukhala otchedwa Airmon-ng mode chifukwa kutsatira magalimoto (airmon-ng kuyamba wlan0 - renaming ndi adaputala opanda zingwe). Kenako, kulanda ndi fixation zimachitika ndi lamulo magalimoto airdump-ng mon0 (deta njira kutsatira mlingo chabwino, liwiro ndi njira kubisa, kuchuluka kwa deta pogonana ndi zina zotero. D.).

Komanso adamulowetsa lamulo anasankha fixation njira, inatuluka lamulo ndi athandizira Aireplay-ng Deauth ndi makhalidwe ena okhudzidwa (iwo asonyeza pa zifukwa za zotuluka pa ntchito njira zimenezi).

Pambuyo (pamene wosuta ali kale kutsimikizika pamene polumikiza) wosuta akhoza kungoyankha kusagwirizana kwa maukonde. Pankhaniyi, pamene kachiwiri kulowa ku Mahaki mbali mu dongosolo kubwereza zolakwika chilolezo, kenako kudzakhala kotheka kukakumana mapasiwedi onse. Lotsatira zenera ndi "manja» (chanza). Ndiye mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito za kukhazikitsidwa kwa wapadera WPAcrack file zimene osokoneza achinsinsi iliyonse. Mwachibadwa, monga ake kuyamba-mmwamba, ndipo palibe munthu angawauze aliyense. Tingaonenso yekha kuti kukhalapo kwa kudziwa zina dongosolo lonse adzachotsa kwa mphindi zingapo kwa masiku angapo. Mwachitsanzo, Intel mlingo purosesa zikugwira ntchito pa mwadzina wotchi pafupipafupi GHz 2.8, angakwanitse kugwira zosaposa 500 mapasiwedi pa wachiwiri, kapena miliyoni 1.8 pa ola limodzi. Ambiri, zikuonekeratu, sitiyenera kupusitsa tokha.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Ndizo zonse izo zifika WPA2-PSK. Kodi, mwina, kuwerenga choyamba ndi zomveka bwino sadzapezekapo. Komabe, maziko a chitetezo deta ndi machitidwe kubisa ntchito, ine ndikuganiza, kumvetsa aliyense. Komanso, lero, anakumana ndi izi pafupifupi eni zonse zapamwamba yam'manja. Munaonapo kuti pamene munakonza kugwirizana zatsopano yemweyo dongosolo anzeru foni amapereka ntchito mtundu winawake wa chitetezo (WPA2-PSK)? anthu ambiri amangowerenga samapereka tcheru kwa izo, koma sizinathandize. Mu zoikamo patsogolo mungagwiritse ntchito ambiri a magawo zina kuti akhwimitse chitetezo.