Wolemba Ivan Makarov: yonena, zilandiridwenso ndi chidwi mfundo

mabuku Russian lili ndi mayina yowala. Koma umoyo ndale moyo wa dziko kwambiri moti atolankhani anali m'manja mwa apolisi. Ndipo maina a olemba ambiri, olemba ndakatulo, asayansi kwa zaka wawaiwala. Pakati pawo, ndi luso wolemba Ivan Ivanovich Makarov.

Zaka zoyambirira za Wolemba

Ivan Makarov anabadwa m'mudzi wa Saltykov October 30, 1900. Pa ubatizo analandira dzina John.

Titamaliza sukulu kumidzi wophunzira kwambiri wa Ivan anatenga kuphunzira mu Ryazhskaya zolimbitsa thupi pa maphunziro onse. Pamaso sukulu ku sekondale, wolemba tsogolo anaphunzira pa ndalama boma.

Mu 1918, ochitira masewera awiri akazi paokha ndiponso amuna, kumene anaphunzitsidwa pansi Makarov Ivan, anali amaphatikizidwa ndi anadzatchedwa. Mu June 1919, anamaliza monga "sukulu ya 2 siteji nambala 2".

zaka kuphunzira

Aphunzitsi a sukulu ya galamala anali ophunzira onse yunivesite. A matrasti zolimbitsa thupi anali atamva milandu Yermolov. Ophunzira nthawi zonse ankapita ku munda wake - anafufuza greenhouses, minda, greenhouses ndi kusiyidwa.

The zolimbitsa thupi ankaphunzira kwayala. Panali zeze, ndi cello, limba, viola, pawiri yoimba, chitoliro, oboe. Ophunzirawo analenga oimba balalaika. Gawo zisudzo, kuphatikizapo anthu a mzinda. Pakuti sekondale ophunzira bungwe kuwerenga Sunday ndi zithunzi kuwala ndi magawo filimu.

Unachitikira zolimbitsa thupi la masewera "Lamlungu mmawa" m'chaka - masewera, chilimwe - mpira ndipo Kuyenda, yomwe amalipira kochitira zolimbitsa thupi. Zima yosayenera sekondale mtanda dziko kutsetsereka ndi liwiro lapamatalala rink.

Enieni Sciences anapatsidwa wolemba tsogolo bwino. Ajebura, Masamu, iye anali zinayi, Chirasha ndi mabuku - patatu. Zaka maphunziro kusukulu ya sekondale akhala zofunika mapangidwe wolemba m'tsogolo. Iyi ndi nthawi ya zochitika epochal: Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, February utasintha, kenako October, chiyambi cha Civil nkhondo.

banja

The makolo a wolemba, osawuka Ivan Ivanovich Makarov ndi Maria Ivanovna Kon'kova, komanso anabadwa mu Saltykov. Iwo anali anthu odziŵa, umene panthawi imeneyo zinali zachilendo kwambiri. Onse anafika ku chuma amphamvu, kupulumutsa chikalata chotsimikizira kuti iwo lendi dziko pa Mfumukazi Troubetzkoy.

Zilandiridwenso Makarov Ivan Ivanovich ndi inextricably zogwirizana mbiri yake. Kunena wake ndi wolemba limasonyeza enieni kuchuluka kwa dziko ( "The Black shawl") a kalonga, ndi chiwerengero cha anthu a m'mudzi ( "Zitsulo nthiti"). bambo wolembayo anali m'mphawi popanda dziko, ndipo iye anali chabe makina osokera, iye mwini anati Makarov. bambo ake ankachita nawo shoemaking malonda.

dziko lonse linali m'gulu kwa agogo Makarov. Iwo ankakhala m'nyumba agogo ake. Banja anali ndi ana asanu, Ivan - mkulu kwambiri. ziwembu sankaloledwa kudyetsa banja lalikulu, ndipo bambo anga ankakonda kupita ntchito mu Moscow.

Mu zaka zoyambilira za boma latsopano, ndi atate ndi mwana Makarov analowa makonsolo. Bambo anali kuyang'anira polimbana Committee deserters, ndipo mwana wake membala wa bungwe m'mudzi. Makarov, Jr. anali membala wa komiti Township osauka, omwe amayenera mupewe "zotsala" mkate ndi kugawidwa pakati pa anthu osauka.

Palibe dziko mmene zawo pa dziko Makarova Senior. Iye anavomereza za pulogalamu ya "osauka" Socialist-Chiwukirano Party, funso waukulu umene unali pansi. Iwo anapatsidwa ndi mwana wake. Nkhani yaikulu ntchito yake idzakhala alimi, dziko ndi kusintha zomwe zinasintha miyoyo yawo.

Mu ntchito zake Ivan Makarov limatiuza za zochitika zenizeni mu 1917. Mu buku la "The Black shawl" limasonyeza mfundo kugonjetsedwa kwa osawuka ndi distillery pamene iwo opilis mowa, ndipo inapha anthu 70.

moyo

Mu ena a mafunso a Makarov ananena kuti sanakwatiwe. Mu 1921, chipanichi mafunso anati - "m'banja." dzina la mkazi wake linali Vera Valentinovna Vonlyarlyarskaya anavomera mwana - Jan. Mu 1941, iye anali usinkhu wa zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, mongodzipereka amapita kutsogolo. Kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World mu January psiti Konigsberg.

ntchito chosintha

Otchedwa zisinthe, zikwi achinyamata, Makarov anali pakati pawo. Mu mafunso, iye nthawi zonse maphunziro mu "zabwino" kapena "pafupifupi". Comrades ya Komsomol ankamuchitira nsanje, ambiri a iwo amaliza yekha sukulu.

Choyamba "masitepe chosintha" Makarov Ivan anapanga kumudzi kwawo pamene m'mudzimo kuti iwo anang'amba ndi zipupa ndi kutentha bwalo la mfumu zithunzi. Ndiye iye anali mwana wa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi. Nditamaliza maphunziro, iye anapita kumene analamula Party - anamenyera mu Red Army, anali msilikali ndale kukazonda mu Chone, anali mlembi wa komiti chigawo cha Komsomol.

Mu 1922, Makarov anali anakumbukira ku malo ake ndipo anatumizidwa ku chigawo mlangizi Komsomol Komiti. Iye ankakhala mu Ryazan, koma mzere wa ntchito zambiri anapita ku zigawo ndi. Monga kazembe wa chigawo cha Ryazan, Makarov anayenda mu January 1924 pa maliro mtsogoleri mu Moscow. Mwa nthumwi anali pa 6 Onse-Union Congress ya Komsomol.

Popeza m'dzinja 1923 Makarov Ivan Ivanovich - membala wa Party Communist. Milingo ndi chipani ntchito, ndi kulemba kulenga. Mu 1924, ndi kutengako mbali yake yogwira amalenga Ryazan nthambi ya "ndakatulo ya Union" ndi bwalo zolembalemba.

Popeza 1926, Makarov ntchito monga mlembi wa Party khungu mu dipatimenti ya maphunziro onse. Kumapeto kwa chaka chino, iye mwachidule kumanzere Ryazan kuona Siberia. Msonkhano wotsiriza Makarova mu Ryazan - superintendence Agronomy School.

buku loyamba

Ambiri a moyo wake waufupi Ivan Makarov anakhala m'dziko la Ryazan. Iye anakhala nawo mbali pa ntchito yomanga boma wamng'ono, woyamba monga mmisiri Komsomol, ndiye ngati phwando. Mu Ryazan, anafalitsa m'manyuzipepala m'deralo monga mtolankhani Kumudzi ndi mtsogoleri wa gulu la Komsomol.

Mu nthawi iyi anali cholembedwa. "Kulira Youth", "adzukulu Lenin," ndipo "Malingaliro a achinyamata Communards", "Ntchito kulira" Nkhani ya "Kuuka Koyamba", "Mishkin kuzembetsa", "nsapato ndi batala", "chinsinsi". "Grunkino temberero" ndi "Dzino kulipa dzino" Makarov kubweretsa mlingo Onse-Russian. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba ulendo wake mabuku otchuka.

zilandiridwenso Makarova

Mu 1929 buku loyamba, "The nthiti zitsulo" linatulutsidwa mu Moscow. Inasindikizidwa mu magazini "The Young Alonda", ndiye lofalitsidwa mu bukhu. Pambuyo kufalitsidwa Makarov anasamukira ku Moscow. Pakhala nkhani zolembedwa:

• 1930 - "Last muzhikan";
• 1933 - "The Mlanduwu 471";
• 1935 - "The Firebird", "Stepan mavuto a dziko."

Kale unali likulu la dziko novelist luso Makarov Ivan Ivanovich analemba nkhani:

• 1929 - "Reid wakuda kachilomboka";
• 1930 - 1931 zaka - "Mtendere pa dziko lapansi"
• 1931 - 1932 - "The Cossack famu";
• 1936 - "Gofmaler Nikita".

The Moscow mabuku nthawi zinalengedwa:

• 1929 - "The zitsulo nthiti";
• 1933 - 1934 zaka - "The Black shawl";
• 1936 - "Misha Kurbatov".

Kunena "India uli mmwazi" ndi "Plan Grand" silinakwaniritsidwe lofalitsidwa. Unknown tsoka ntchito, "Vecchio" ndi "Good Muscovite". Roman Makarov "Blue Field" anatsala yosatha.

Mu 1928 Ivan Makarov anatsogolera Ryazan nthambi ya Association ya Writers. Mu 1929, yochepa nkhani yake "kumayambiriro", analandira mphoto ya magazini "Pathfinder". Mu 1930 - mbiri ya "chete ng'oma" magazini mphoto "World Zopatsa Chidwi".

mmangeni

Mu buku la "Misha Kurbatov" Makarov apatuka pa mfundo chipani cha view. Mu February 1937, wolemba Makarov Ivan Ivanovich anamangidwa ngati abwana a wamba gulu la olemba, amati cholinga chake chinali kuphedwa kwa Stalin.

The Lubyanka Makarova yaitali adzazunzidwa ndi kuzunzidwa. Mu mtengo woipa mtima iye anavomereza kulakwa kwake. Patapita zaka zambiri, amaonekera kuti palibe chiwembu sanali sanathe. Makarova anawomberedwa mu mayenje a mdima a NKVD ya July 16, 1937.