Trunking kugwirizana: magwiridwe. Trunking dongosolo kulankhulana

Mophunzitsa Intaneti ma kungakhale trunked dongosolo kulankhulana. njira zamakono izi ankagwiritsa ntchito padziko lonse. Ambiri makampani Russian, awiri ndi anthu, amakonda chimodzimodzi trunking kulankhulana. kulunjika ake ndi chiyani? Kodi ubwino wa njira ziwalo patsogolo mfundo zina kulankhulana otchuka kuuzidwa mu Russia ndi kunja?

Kodi dongosolo trunking?

Trunking kulankhulana - mtundu wa lapadziko aya zomangamanga mafoni radially-zonal mtundu. Mozama ndi kugawa njira repeaters pakati olembetsa mu mode ndi zodziwikiratu. Komanso, mawu akuti "trunking kulankhulana" limafanana ndi njira mwayi wosuta kuti akonzedwa asankha njira, mkati limene gwero ufulu ndi allocated ndi wolembetsa yeniyeni nyengo ya intaneti.

zomangamanga Trunking nthawi zambiri:

- pansi zida;

- okwerera wolembetsa.

Kapangidwe ka chinthu choyamba trunked zomangamanga zikuphatikizapo okwerera m'munsi ndi opha. malingaliro amakono a mtundu chogwirizana zida kulola kupereka ntchito kulankhulana mu chimango cha munthu, gulu kapena foni mitundu ukufalitsidwa. Nthawi zina n'zotheka kugwirizana chimodzi wolembetsa siteshoni wina popanda kuwaika chuma siteshoni m'munsi.

Mtundu kulankhulana ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana chitetezo onse magulu mavuto. Nkofunika apa kutsatira machitidwe amafuna luso SORM trunked kulankhulana. Anthu kawirikawiri anakonza malangizo departmental.

trunking ntchito polankhulana:

Taganizirani mfundo kachitidwe kulankhulana trunked.

luso yoyenera zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mafunde kopitilira muyeso-yochepa, komanso mauthenga pafoni. Kuonjezera chizindikiro osiyanasiyana zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa trunked zomangamanga repeater. Pamwamba tinaona kuti mu kapangidwe kake panopa malo m'munsi. Iwo akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati munthu kapena zinthu zingapo - m'nkhani yoyamba maukonde adzakhala wachinsinsi monga malo umodzi lachiwiri - monga Mipikisano nthambi.

Woyamba maukonde trunking kulankhulana amalola bungwe mogwirizana kwa azilandira mazana angapo. Tsopano chifukwa mupezeke maukonde zomangamanga chiwerengero okwerera m'munsi angapereke kugwirizana pakati pa chiwerengero chilichonse cha olembetsa. Trunking woyendetsa akhoza kuonetsetsa zinthu kuitana kupereka kulankhulana modes osiyana - simplex, duplex. Modern zomangamanga yoyenera mtundu akhoza kupereka chitetezo wosaloleka kupeza njira kumvetsera, zimathandiza zipangizo linanena bungwe Intaneti. Trunking machitidwe kulankhulana ndi digito ndi analogi.

Amene amagwiritsa dongosolo trunking?

Trunking machitidwe amene, monga taonera pamwambapa, zinthu radially-zonal wa zomangamanga maukonde ndi chimene chimagwira ntchito mu kopitilira muyeso-yochepa osiyanasiyana n'kumaona makamaka pa makasitomala makampani, mabungwe yazamalamulo. Ngakhale makasitomala chachikulu cha ntchito mafoni - payekha. Trunking bwino yoti gulu la kulankhulana ntchito mwa magulu a akatswiri - mwachitsanzo, pamene kubala ntchito, ntchito, kuthandiza ena, pamene izo zifika ku ntchito mwadzidzidzi.

Pamwamba taonera kuti ankaona view la mauthenga Umafuna ntchito boma. Ndipotu nyumba zogwirizana ndi ogwiritsa chachikulu cha mtundu kulankhulana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chiwerengero kusiyana lofunika trunking aya, makamaka kwa chipinda - bwino kwa anthu wamba. akuti:

- kuthekera pafupifupi yomweyo - masekondi 0.5, ndi kugwirizana wolembetsa wina ndi mzake;

- kudziŵa patsogolo pa njira kulankhulana ;

- kuthekera kwa olembetsa wina ndi mnzake popanda kugwiritsa ntchito siteshoni m'munsi;

- kupezeka kwa chuma kwa kasinthidwe maukonde malingana ndi zofuna wosuta;

- n'zotheka kukonza gulu, kuulutsidwa, mwadzidzidzi, itanani akaidi;

- kupezeka kwa chuma chitetezo kulankhula, kukhoza kumva kukambirana wolembetsa.

Zosintha zimenezi sizionekaoneka ochiritsira ma. Ena kufanana ndi trunking luso ali muyezo Kankhani mafoni kulankhula. Koma ambiri a muyezo si oyenera mtchalitchi.

The ma aya bwino trunking? Choyamba, luso kusamutsa deta file pa liwiro mkulu - patsogolo mfundo 4G kulola index kufika makumi megabits pa mphindi. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti alembedwera TETRA muyezo kulankhulana trunking (ngati tikukamba za luso mu Baibulo R2), mfundo, komanso amatha kupatsira deta mkulu-liwiro.

TETRA - luso digito imatengedwa aya. Koma Dziwani kuti trunking kugwirizana "Tetra" mu Baibulo RI ndi pang'ono otsika R2 Standard - makamaka mlingo deta. Ngakhale zosankha zazikulu kuthekera umisiri onse ambiri ofanana. Iwo akhala akugwira kuyerekeza ndi mfundo zina wamba trunking kulankhulana.

kutsata mfundo zikuluzikulu trunking aya

Njira ambiri monga koposa zonse, amene ali m'magulu monga yadigito. Analogi trunking zomangamanga si zikufunika kwambiri. Mfundo wotchuka kulankhulana a mtundu uwu:

- EDACS.

- iDEN.

- TETRA.

- APCO.

Taganizirani mbali ya aliyense wa iwo mwatsatanetsatane.

muyezo EDACS

muyezo EDACS anayamba kupanga ndi wotchuka Swedish bungweli Ericsson. Iye zimagawidwa monga payekha. Muyezo kumaphatikizapo kusintha deta kupyolera mu njira ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafurikwense (koma mkati 870 MHz). Monga mbali ya maukonde trunked timatha inu kupereka kugwirizana pakati TH 16. Olembetsa.

Akuti muyezo mokwanira odalirika, koma amaona lotha, monga Ndipotu kumafuna kufala kwa chizindikiro analogi Komabe, ndi ntchito zomangamanga yadigito. Komanso, monga taonera pamwambapa, anatseka. trunking zida kulankhulana ndinazolowera izo, akhonza kumupatsa kokha kampani mapulogalamu.

muyezo iDEN

Muyezo - ali Anatseka. Iye analenga LG Corporation. Anthu ankafuna kwambiri ndi ku North America, mayiko ena a ku South America, ku Asia. Akuti luso akhoza akuyendera chimango cha alipidwa maukonde thunthu kuti azilandira wa ntchito ntchito mafoni - monga kutumiza SMS, fax, intaneti.

Mu Russia, muyezo zogwirizana kodi sinafalikire, akatswiri amanena, chifukwa chakuti, monga ntchito mu chimango cha pafupipafupi wake - 805-821 MHz kapena 855-866 MHz si mulingo woyenera malinga kuthetsa mavuto owerenga zofunika kachitidwe kulankhulana trunked kuti monga taonera pamwambapa, ndi mtchalitchi. Mwa njira, kampani LG ali anamasulidwa njira zingapo zimene yogwirizana ndi onse trunking kapena luso ma.

Tetrapol Pasi

Muyezo kulankhulana anayamba kupanga mu France ndi Matra Communication bungwe la ntchito chinsinsi French. Yodziwika ndi nkhani ya mafurikwense wotsika - kuchokera 70 520 MHz, ntchito yomwe si otchuka kwambiri ku mayiko ena. Komabe, zoyesayesa Russia ndi kuyesa zogwirizana aya muyezo trunking.

TETRA

Takambirana mbali zina za umisiri TETRA. Tidzaphunzira mfundo yake yeniyeni.

Trunking kugwirizana "Tetra" - uyu, nayenso lotseguka aya muyezo mwakuchita akatswiri European. Kunja kwa Ulaya kwa nthawi yaitali sizinali ofala kwambiri, koma tsopano ntchito ndi Russian, makampani ambiri ku Asia, Africa ndi South America makampani.

Omasukirana ankaona muyezo zimawathandiza kuonetsetsa ngakhale ndi opanga osiyanasiyana zipangizo trunking kulankhulana. Company akufuna kuti apange zipangizo zoyenerera, muyenera Komabe, kukhala membala wa MoU TETRA, mwakutero kutsimikizira kufunitsitsa ake kulimbikitsa chitukuko cha njira imeneyi. zopangidwa ambiri masiku ano popanga zipangizo trunking Intaneti, analowa m'gulu lake.

Pamwamba taonera kuti R2 muyezo amalola deta kufala pa liwilo. N'zotheka, makamaka chifukwa chakuti trunking kulankhulana zokhudza luso pamodzi ndi njira ma burodibandi.

The Russian muyezo "TETRA" amadziwika pansi pa chizindikiro dzina "TETRARUS". Kotero, icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito omanga zomangamanga kutumiza mauthenga pa Games Olympic ku Sochi.

APCO 25

Ena otchuka trunking kulankhulana luso - APCO 25. Kukhala ndi Association of Communication Services chitetezo nyumba. Likulu la nyumba ya zili mu US, mu madera a Virginia ndi Florida.

The ntchito mfundo imeneyi - kuti n'zotheka kupereka njira kulankhulana ndi mkulu mlingo wa chitetezo kukwaniritsa ntchito njira zamakono zosiyanasiyana kubisa. China mwapadera APCO ndi kuti amalola kuti ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafurikwense - kuchokera 139 mpaka 869 MHz. Mkulu mlingo wa chitetezo, yomwe yoyenera dongosolo trunking kulankhulana Mzimuyo mkulu kufunika zokwanira pakuti ndi ntchito Russian wapadera.

Dziwani kuti Russia akufalitsa miyezo yake kulankhulana, ntchito pa mfundo za trunking lapansi. ntchito yawo ndi chifukwa chosowa kulenga zomangamanga odalirika kwambiri ndi otetezeka aya. Ngati nkhani ya njira zimenezi umagwiritsidwa trunking dongosolo kulankhulana mu silahRF zida. Ambiri mwa njira zamakono zolankhulirana ntchito asilikali Russian, apangidwa makamaka kwa zosowa za chitetezo ndipo ali anaikira misa primnenie.

The ogulitsa waukulu trunked ntchito mauthenga ku Russia

Taganizirani zimene zopangidwa ku Russia kupulumutsa misonkhano pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono mu funso.

Wotchuka Russian woyendetsa trunking kulankhulana - kampani "RadioTel". Iwo ali zomangamanga kuti cigawo Intaneti mafoni ogulitsa m'tawuni. Iwo akukamba njira misonkhano mwadzidzidzi, mwadzidzidzi, makasitomala.

Mmodzi wa waukulu Russian trunking woyendetsa - "Tetrasvyaz". Iwo imakhazikika atsatire njira mkati muyezo TETRA m'madera osiyanasiyana pa Russia. Iwo akukamba osiyanasiyana ntchito - kuchokera pa pulani kwa trunking maukonde kwa opareshoni.

mtundu lina lalikulu mu njira ya trunking pa msika - "Regiontrank". Kampani ntchito makamaka m'dera Moscow, komanso m'madera ena a ku Russia Center. Brand pamalo yokha ngati WOPEREKA njira kusinthidwa kwa mfundo za malonda njira akuluakulu yeniyeni kuchepa.

Wina kampani odziwika bwino, amene umagwira ntchito mu gawo la sayansi trunking - "Center-Telco". Mwina anafotokoza kuti njira zomangamanga ake ntchito, ogwira ntchito mu chimango cha EDACS muyezo.

Ziyembekezo chitukuko njira trunking ku Russia

Choncho tinaphunzira kuti kulankhulana trunking, mfundo ya kumanga kulankhulana ndi miyezo yake. Tsopano tiyeni tione zimene akatswiri amanena za chiyembekezo chitukuko njira yoyenera mu Russia. Vuto limeneli mutu wa misonkhano yaikulu ndi akuluakulu a makampani Russian kutumiza mauthenga - mabungwe, utumiki wosamalira ndi makasitomala awo.

ammudzi ikufotokoza ubwino njira yoyenera trunking makamaka luso ma, komanso applicability wa mfundo alipo kwa deta aya latsopano la Russia. Choncho, mwa akatswiri a njira mu funso, wamba amazionera, chimene kwa Russia zingakhale bwino panobe TETRA luso - kulola kuti chitukuko cha ntchito telefoni latsopano la Russia.

Pamwamba tinaona kuti ndi "TETRA" muyezo asankhidwa kale omanga zomangamanga kulankhula za Games Olympic ku Sochi. Koma mu Russia, mwanjira ina, anaimira ambiri trunking umisiri kulankhulana anthu kuti ntchito kulikonse mu dziko - ndi yemwe sali kuwerenga zochitika zapadera asilikali. A ambiri mitundu zogwirizana njira zimene ophatikizidwa mu Russian Federation, chifukwa koposa zonse, kupanda yunifolomu anatengera pa mlingo la feduro, i Posankha luso nsanja yabwino kukumangirira trunking zomangamanga.

Kukula kwa mtundu chogwirizana la mauthenga mu Russia kungakhale kovuta osokoneza kuzindikira za ubwino zimenezi mitu m'madi-, amene ndi owerenga chachikulu cha luso takambirana. Chifukwa iwo si nthawi zonse zoonekeratu ukulu trunking zomangamanga pa Intaneti ma. Ichi ndi chifukwa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana.

Choyamba, chakuti zida kachitidwe analogi trunking kulankhulana, njira digito a mtundu yoyenera kutero, monga ulamuliro, kwambiri mtengo kuposa Msuzi ntchito luso ma. Pankhaniyi, mabungwe zambiri kuganizira ubwino zoonekeratu trunking kulankhulana - ndi koposa zonse, mu Mwachangu ndi chitetezo cha zokambirana ndi kupereka mfundo. Komanso, ndalama leni kugwirizana ndi patelefoni, pamene chinkhoswe trunking njira kungakhale kwambiri poyerekeza nkhani ya mauthenga ma - ndi kapangidwe moyenera mtundu wa zomangamanga kulankhulana.

Dziwani kuti trunking kulankhulana mfundo ntchito osati kuonetsetsa zokambirana ntchito pakati olembetsa. Pamaziko a umisiri zogwirizana akhoza akuyendera Positioning System chinthu - molumikizana ndi ake GPS-ndondomeko, komanso kutsatira ndi polojekiti ake malo. Pa nthawi yomweyo kumanga zomangamanga kira popanda oyamba ndi mtengo njira duplex - Mwina kutsimikizira zipangizo zokwanira ndi simplex. Njira imeneyi ntchito trunking kulankhulana - chinthu china chimene kukula chidwi ku makampani osiyanasiyana Russian ndi mabungwe.

chidule

Choncho tinaphunzira kuti luso trunking, tikambirana mfundo kulankhulana chachikulu, lolingana kwa iwo. The ogwiritsa chachikulu cha zochita zogwirizana - pa Russian misonkhano yapadera, nyumba nchito, mabizinesi chachikulu. The Russian asilikali mayunitsi ntchito dongosolo trunking kulankhulana, apangidwa makamaka kuti atumikre asilikali - gated.

Ubwino waukulu umene zimaonetsa umisiri ndi: deta kuwombola dzuwa, mudziwe chitetezo, liwilo deta HIV (mu nkhani ya mfundo zapamwamba digito), ndi mphamvu ya kumanga Intaneti mu mwaunyinji - anapereka ntchito yapamwamba ndipo anapereka okwanira kuchuluka kwa okwerera m'munsi.

Mu trunking Intaneti zambiri n'zofanana ndi ma - ntchito mu kopitilira muyeso-lalifupi osiyanasiyana, luso kutumiza mauthenga pakati pa chipangizo, ndi intaneti pamene ntchito zipangizo zogwirizana. Hardware zothetsera ntchito mkati zofunikira trunking, amakhala okwera mtengo kwambiri. Koma awo kukhazikitsa wokometsedwa kasitomala kampani angapulumutse kwambiri - makamaka magalimoto.

M'dziko anapanga ambiri a trunking mfundo kulankhulana. Mu Russia ndi Europe, luso otchuka amakhala ndi "TETRA" mu US - APCO. Ngakhale mu Russia ndi digiri zina pa utumiki zimafunika kwambiri mfundo trunking dziko.

Ziyembekezo mtundu yoyenera mogwirizana latsopano la Russia zimadalira yozungulira zotani luso nawonso adzakhala chitsogozo cha - osachepera m'madera ambiri m'dzikoli. Pali malo kunena kuti muyezo waukulu udzakhalabe "TETRA" - monga abwino kwambiri Russia zochokera chitukuko enieni msika kutumiza mauthenga ku dziko.

Other kwambiri chikhalidwe cha chitukuko bwino mbali za luso monga trunking aya latsopano la Russia - kulera mlingo wa chidziwitso ndi kasamalidwe yamtunduwu m'madipatimenti, ndiwo owerenga yeniyeni angathe zochita zogwirizana. Ngakhale zambiri ubwino wa nyumba ya mphamvu, pansi pa kuganizira mfundo zamakono - si zoonekeratu. Koma, ndithudi, ndi trunking njira latsopano la Russia - ali ogula yake, ndipo iwo ali kale mwakhama kwambiri ntchito. Mu Russia linavomereza malamulo lolamulira kugwiritsa ntchito zithandizozi yoyenera luso chitetezo. Choncho, pa msinkhu wa lamulo milandu la Russia analenga zinthu chitukuko cha trunking kulankhulana.

Kumene, kungakhale kofunika kukhala ndi kutsatira zinthu zina malamulo, zotsatira zake zidzakhala zimagwilanso nchito kwa dera yapachiweniweni - koma mu nkhani chidwi bizinesi komanso mabungwe akuluakulu, munthu akhoza kuyembekezera njira zogwirizana pa mlingo wa lolamulira nyumba mphamvu.

Development wa umisiri wa nkhani latsopano la Russia inachokera ku kukula kwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito, komanso kusintha kwa hardware ndi mapulogalamu actuated pofuna kugwira ntchito kwa zomangamanga trunking.