Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a maswiti. Topyari ya chokoleti ndi manja anu omwe. Mitundu ya zoweta

Mukuganiza bwanji, zomwe zingakhale zachilendo pakati pa zomera ndi maswiti? Tangoganizani kuti khalidwe loyambirira lidzachita ngati chipolopolo, ndipo chachiwiri chidzakhala chomwecho. Chotsatira chake, mungapeze chobwezera chophika chopangidwa ndi chokoleti - chikumbutso choyambirira ngati mtengo wokoma. Ndi chozizwitsa chotani ichi? Kodi n'zotheka ndi momwe mungapangire topiary ya chokoleti ndi manja anu? Malangizo othandiza ndi ndondomeko zidzakuthandizani kupanga chinthu chachilendo chonchi.

Kodi nsalu zofiira zamtundu ndi chiyani?

Malinga ndi akatswiri osiyanasiyana ofotokozera mabuku komanso mabuku ofotokozera mabuku, zomera zotchedwa zobiriwira zomwe zimakongoletsa mkati mwa msewu zimatchulidwa koyambirira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - timapangidwe mwaluso monga zitsamba zokongoletsa ndi mitengo. Mbiri ya chiyambi chawo chimabwerera kumbuyo zakale - nthawi ya Ufumu wa Roma. Pambuyo pake, chikhalidwe chatsopanocho chinafalikira ku Ulaya. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zokongoletsera zinayamba kukongoletsa ndi mitundu yawo yodabwitsa osati minda, madera komanso mapaki, komanso kukongoletsera mkati. Pambuyo pake, topiyara inayamba kutchedwa zinthu zoyambirira zopangidwa ndi anthu, zofanana mofanana ndi korona wa mitengo. Kulengedwa kwa zithunzi zobiriwira ndizojambula bwino. Pa nthawi yomweyo, zimatengera nthawi ndi chipiriro chapadera kumasulira malingaliro ndi mapulani. Pofuna kukula kwa topiary, wolima munda amafunika zoposa chaka chimodzi. Tiyeni tione njira ndi njira zopangira minda yamoyoyi.

Mitundu ya zoweta

Pangani chomera ndi chovuta kwambiri. Pangani korona yofunikira ikhoza kukhala njira yachidule - njira yokometsera ngati mbewu ili ndi nthambi zatsopano ndi mphukira. Ntchito yovuta imeneyi ingakhale yosavuta poika mawonekedwe apadera pamene ikufika. Kuwatsatira, kudula chomeracho ndi kophweka komanso kosavuta. Izi zimapanga maonekedwe a zojambulidwa zosavuta - lalikulu, sphere, cone. Pali china, chochepa chogwiritsa ntchito, njira yopezera njuchi. Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi kupindula ndi njira yapitayi ndiko kuyenda. Ngati ziboliboli zobiriwira zimakonda kuimirira, ndiye kuti zimakula pamtundu wapadera zimatha kusuntha malowa kuti zifike kumalo ofunira malinga ndi zomwe zasinthidwa. Izi zili choncho chifukwa chakuti topiyali imakula ndi njira yatsopano mwachindunji mkati mwa chimango cha nthaka ndi ulimi wothirira. Kawirikawiri, popanga zojambulajambula zoterezi, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, kumanga nsalu zapangidwe kwa milungu ingapo ndi mphukira zawo. Ndipo ngati kuwonjezera pa greenery mawonekedwe amakhala ndi maluwa, zotsatira zake ndi zodabwitsa.

Mini-topiary - choyambirira chokongoletsa mkati

Monga mukuonera, mukusowa nthawi kuti mupeze zojambula zobiriwira zamtundu wodabwitsa. Pofuna kudikira, mmodzi wa amisiri osapirira sanafune kupanga chifaniziro chopangidwa ndi munthu. Kotero panali zodzikongoletsera zamakono zamakono zamkati mwa malo. Zomwe zili m'minda yosungirako zikumbutso zazing'ono zamkati sizikudziŵikiratu. Chilichonse chimayendera limodzi: maluwa, mapepala, zinthu zakuthupi (mbewa, acorns, singano, etc.), mapepala, mbewu zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso. Chimodzi mwa zothandiza kwambiri ndi chosangalatsa ndi topiary ya chokoleti. Chinthu chachikulu pakupanga chikumbukiro choyenera ndikugwiritsa ntchito malingaliro anu ndi malingaliro anu. Tiyeni tione zosiyana siyana momwe tingapangire topiary kuchokera maswiti. Zithunzizi zikuwonetseratu zopanda malire za zosankha zokhala zodabwitsa. Yesani ndipo mudzipangire nokha mphatso yapachiyambi, mwachitsanzo, pa March 8 kapena tsiku la Valentine.

Kodi chiyenera kukhala maziko otani?

Zokoma zoterezi zikufanana kwambiri ndi maluwa a maswiti. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi maonekedwe ake akunja amabisa kapangidwe kake ka mawonekedwe. Kodi maziko ake ndi otani, nanga mungalimbikitse motani zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo maswiti? Choyamba, mungagule zinthu zabwino m'masitolo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogulitsa zipangizo zojambula. Mafomu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga topiary ya maswiti ndi mbale ndi cone. Zowonongeka zofunikira za thovu ndi floristic sipon, monga lamulo, zimatha kupezeka nthawi zonse m'masitolo ogwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati palibe kuthekera kugula maziko okonzeka, mukhoza kuyesa nokha. Akatswiri ena amapanga zinthu zoyenera pazinthu izi, monga mwachitsanzo, chidole chakale cha Khirisimasi kapena mpira. Taganizirani njira yopangira mpira wa nyuzipepala, yomwe mungathe kupanga chobwezera chophika. Kalasi ya mbuye imaperekedwa mwa mawonekedwe a malangizo omwe ali ndi malangizo othandiza.

Kupanga mapepala a pepala kuchokera ku nyuzipepala

Chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti maziko ayenera kukhala ophweka. Pambuyo pake, pambuyo podzikongoletsera ndi phokoso, korona yokongoletsedwayo iyenera kuikidwa mwamphamvu pamtengo wopangidwa ndi chikumbutso. Choncho, chinthu choyenera kwambiri kupanga maziko a topiary ndi mapepala oonda. Tengani nyuzipepala yamba ndi ulusi woshona. Sungani mapepalawo mu zidutswa zing'onozing'ono za kukula kwa pepala limodzi kapena pang'ono. Choyamba, pang'anani pa chidutswa chochepa cha masentimita 3-4 masentimita, kenako yambani kugwiritsa ntchito zidutswa zina za nyuzipepala, ndikupanga mpira. Chiwerengero cha zigawo chimadalira molunjika kukula kwa gawo lapansi. Bwalo likakonzeka, limbani ndi ulusi, kusuntha mosiyana. Ngati malo odzala nsomba za maswiti akukonzekera kuti apachikike, konzekerani kukambirana pamene nyuzipepala zimadulidwa pakati pa zida za kukongoletsera. Ndipo ngati mukupanga mtengo wokumbukira, lembani ndodo pakati pa mpira, yomwe idzakhala mtengo. Kuti mukhale amphamvu kwambiri, mutha kudzoza workpiece ndi chochepera chochepa cha PVA glue.

Kodi mungakonze bwanji thunthu la topiary mumphika?

Mtengo wokonzedwa bwino umakula nthawi zambiri mu chidebe chaching'ono. Kawirikawiri, izi zimagwiritsa ntchito mphika wawung'ono kapena chidebe. Ndipo kuti m'ntchito yamtsogolo zinali zosavuta kukongoletsa topiary, kuyika zinthu zosiyanasiyana pansi, ndibwino kuti mwamsanga kukhazikitsa mbiya. Koma zisanachitike, musaiwale kukongoletsa udzu kapena kumamatira ndi zinthu zokongoletsera: mphepo ndi mapepala achikuda kapena makanema ofunika mu liwu la chikumbutso. Kenaka tsitsani madzi osakaniza, atsopano osungunuka a gypsum kapena alabaster mu mphika, ndikudzaza chidebecho ndi pafupifupi 4/5 ya voliyumu yonse. Pamene misa sungathe kuzizira kwambiri, ikani mbiya ya topiary mkatikati mwa mphika mpaka pafupifupi masentimita asanu ndi awiri mpaka asanu ndi awiri. Dikirani mpaka chisakanizo chikhazikike kwathunthu, chokhala ndi malo ozungulira. Mukhozanso kugwira ntchito mosiyana. Mu mphika womalizidwa uli ndi misala yodzaza, yambani dzenje lochepa, lofanana pakati pa mtengo wa mtengo. Ndiye mankhwalawo adzakhala ochepa-osokonezeka.

Master class (MK) "Topiary ya maswiti"

Ganizirani momwe mungakonze maswiti pogwiritsa ntchito chikumbutso. Kuti mupeze chokongola chogwiritsira ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito pepala lofiira kapena lowala kuti likhale lokongoletsa. Dulani zidutswa za 6x6 masentimita. Zidzakhala ngati "malaya" okongoletsera maswiti. Mapepala a mapepala angakhalenso a mawonekedwe ozungulira kapena wina aliyense. Mungathe kupanga chobwezera choyambirira cha chokoleti ndi manja anu omwe mumakhala ngati maluwa. Choyamba pepala pepala lowala mu pipi iliyonse (makamaka kuzungulira). Kenaka tulani zidutswazo kuchokera ku pepala lopangidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mapaundi. Pereka iwo kuzungulira chokoleti, ndikupanga mini-masamba. Yambani mwakachetechete m'mphepete mwachitsulo cha mankhwalawa. Konzani mbali ina yaulere ya ndodo yowongoka kumalo ozungulira a topiary. Pogwiritsa ntchito mndandanda wa mapepala, amawongolera ngati mapuloteni, amaika maswiti, kenako amawatsitsimutsa pamutu wa mtengo wachikumbutso. Kukonzekera kosavuta kogwiritsira ntchito ndi ntchito ya chupa-chups yokonzekera. Amamanga zingwe zawo pamutu, ndipo ngati akufuna, amakongoletsedwa ndi nthiti ndi zinthu zina zokongoletsera.

Kukongoletsa kwa mphika

Gawo lotsiriza la kulenga topiary ndi manja anu ndilo kapangidwe ka chidebe, momwe korona imakhazikitsidwa. Pakudzaza poto ndi gypsum njira yadziwika kuti ndi koyenera kudzaza misala mpaka pamtunda. Kodi cholingachi chimaperekedwa ndi chiyani? Inde, vutoli likhoza kuwonedwa pa chifuniro. Oyamba pa kulenga chikumbutso chawo choyamba makamaka samalani kukongoletsa mtengo korona. Njira yophweka - tchulani danga ndi mipira yojambulidwa ya ubweya wa thonje. Udzu wobiriwira wochokera ku pepala lodulidwa la mtundu womwewo umakhala wofewa kwambiri. Danga laulere mu mphika lingakhale loyambirira kukonzekera osiyana mosiyana. Ikani pepala laling'ono kapena mapepala oyera pa pulasitala, ndikutsanulira masamba okongola kapena zakudya zina pamwamba. N'zotheka kupereka kutsuka kwazitsulo muzitsulo, kukonza ndodo zingapo mmenemo. Kulembetsa pa maswiti omwe atsekedwa pamapepala ali owonjezera.

Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga topiary

Posachedwapa, zakhala zokongola kwambiri osati kungosonyeza zokoma zokoma monga mphatso, komanso kukongoletsa tebulo ndi iwo pamene akutumikira. Makamaka zinthu zomwe zili m'gulu la maphwando zimakondedwa ndi ana. Pambuyo pa zonse, mwamsanga pakuyamba ndikuganiza kuti n'zosatheka kuti chinthu chachilendo ndichoyimira choyambirira cha maswiti. Choncho, topiary izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kangapo. Kutsuka kwatsopano kwatsopano ndi maswiti kungakhale kosiyana kwambiri ndi mkati mkati (mu mphika) ndi kunja (korona). Pokonzekera maholide a ana, afunseni ana kuti apange zochitika zoterezi. Adzakhala okondwa kuti azichitira nawo alendo mtsogolo. Monga mukuonera, ndi zophweka kupanga topiary kuchokera ku chokoleti. Kalasi ya mbuye yomwe ikufotokozedwa m'nkhani ino idzakhala maziko a kukhazikitsidwa kwa malingaliro ndi malingaliro atsopano. Pangani zojambula zabwino, zokondweretsa diso ndi zodabwitsa ena!