Ngati meninjaitisi amawapeza, ndi oopsa kwambiri? ndi zizindikiro matenda chiyani?

Oumitsa khosi - ndi pachimake matenda kuti si nthawi zonse opatsirana. Akamanena za matenda lagona kusintha yotupa wa nembanemba yophimba ubongo ndi msana. Munthu akudwala kuledzera, mutu kwambiri, komanso zochitika kugwirizana ndi kuthamanga intracranial ndi ubongo edema. Ngati kutupa zimakhudza chipolopolo, komanso mankhwala a ubongo, matenda angatchedwe "encephalitis" kapena "meningoencephalitis".

Meninjaitisi - matenda amene agonjetsa anthu. Pankhaniyi, ndi matenda zolondola likhoza kukhala pa maziko a munthu lumbar puncture (lumbar puncture); njira zina zofufuzira mu nthawi imene chipulumutso anthu zimadalira m'mene msanga adzatembenuza ndi oyenerera, osati nkhani. Ena kusintha kuonekera pa kompyuta kapena Kujambula ndi mapanga sikani adzakhala kuonekera pambuyo masabata 2 isanayambike matenda; Ultrasound kapena X-ray sangathe kusonyeza meninjaitisi.

Kodi ndi mitundu iti ya meninjaitisi?

Ndi mtundu wa tizilomboto kuti zinayambitsa matenda, matenda oumitsa khosi pachimake kungakhale mabakiteriya, tizilombo, mafangasi kapena protozoal. Ndi chikhalidwe cha kusintha yotupa mu cerebrospinal madzimadzi - serous ndi purulent. Komanso, chifukwa purulent meninjaitisi pafupifupi 100% milandu - ndi bakiteriya amene akhoza mkatikati mwa zopinga selo zoteteza kuteteza ubongo. meninjaitisi Serous tingatsimikize chifukwa cha mavairasi (ali ochuluka zedi, kuphatikizapo varicella zoster kachilombo chikuku ndi chikuku), ndi zina tizilombo (leptospira, Koch a Bacillus), ndi bowa.

Zotsatira kusanthula pa zomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda matenda, mu nkhani ya purulent meninjaitisi analandira pambuyo masiku 3-5 ndi bacteriological seeding mowa mu sing'anga chikhalidwe, mu nkhani ya serous ndi yaitali. Koma kwambiri moyo pachiswe - Epstein-Barr HIV, nsungu simplex HIV, cytomegalovirus (yekha ndi iwo anayamba mankhwala enieni) - angathe kuonedwa ndi PCR kwa masiku 2.

Kodi meninjaitisi?

Kaya oumitsa khosi ndi serous kapena purulent, zizindikiro ndi:

- mutu mu parietal kapena zinthu zina mu mutu lonse, zoipa mu malo olungama, ndi poto ndi kuweramira mutu, phokoso mokweza ndi kuwala; ndi bwino kuchotsedwa othetsa ululu;

- malungo;

- munthu mosavuta aname, nthawi zambiri amatenga aima pa mbali yake ndi pursed mawondo ake m'chifuwa mwake;

- nseru, kusanza, amene osadalira pa chakudya, ndi masanzi anyamula chakudya usiku, ndi wodetsedwa wa ya ndulu, ndipo ngati oumitsa khosi chifukwa cha meningococcus, masanzi anyamula milozo magazi bulauni. Pambuyo kusanza sichikwiya mosavuta;

- diso kusapeza pamene kuyang'ana kuwala;

- kufooka, kusinza;

- ndikosatheka kunama kuti chibwano ake sternum ndi (nthawi zambiri akadali kwambiri kukopedwa kumbuyo);

- kukhudza khungu amamva kwambiri kangapo ndipo amachititsa kusapeza;

- zopweteka ndi imfa ya chikumbumtima limodzi ndi kutentha kuchuluka thupi (koma ana ochepera zaka 6 wa zaka zingasonyeze khunyu matenda pa maziko kutentha osati kuposa 38,5, ngati muzichita pa apamwamba kutentha, izo sindiye meninjaitisi, zingakhale kokha chizindikiro cha chosakhwima ya ubongo);

- totupa a mtundu uliwonse, amene si kuyabwa nawonekera pa maziko a kutentha kuchuluka thupi.

Zizindikiro zimenezi kuwonekera purulent oumitsa khosi kapena nthawi yomweyo, kapena pa maziko a mankhwala kuchepa (kapena kulephera kwa mankhwala), otitis, sinusitis, rhinitis ndi purulent ntchofu sinusitis. Zizindikiro za matenda oumitsa khosi serous ndinu yemweyo, kokha iwo zimakhala patatha anthu nthawi amadandaula zilonda zapakhosi, chimfine, zilonda zapakhosi, chifuwa pang'ono, zochepa m'mimba, conjunctivitis.