Mfundo ntchito magetsi a. Ali lophimba. ndi lophimba m'galimoto Kodi

Masiwichi - ndi zipangizo mafakitale kuti akhoza ili padera kapena kukhala mbali ya dongosolo pakompyuta.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito za magetsi ndi kusankha kufunika dera magetsi ndi kugwirizana kuti dera athandizira.

masiwichi masiku ano one-, thuu kapena Mipikisano njira komanso ndi mode mwadzidzidzi. Multichannel amapereka kudalirika wamkulu ndi mtendere wa dongosolo, kumene lophimba ndi chikugwirizana. Photo mmodzi wa zipangizo za mtundu uwu anapereka m'munsimu.

The magalimoto ndi galimoto lophimba ndi mtundu wa microcomputer kuti amapanga ndi analengeza zimachitika panopa kwa koyilo poyatsira (pa kandulo, amene uyatsa mafuta injini).

Mu kompyuta Intaneti komanso kulibe kusintha zipangizo, mwachitsanzo, Efaneti. Mfundo ntchito Efaneti lophimba ndi kuti, pamene phukusi abwera ku adiresi inayake, lapeza doko ake ndi patsogolo pa paketi ndi imodzi kuti wosuta izi. Pamene zipangizo zina zimafalitsa uthenga ku madoko onse.

ndi lophimba Kodi

zipangizozi ankagwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, ndipo anaika pa luso monga redistributors, breakers dera kapena masiwichi.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito za magetsi ndi zofanana ndi za pakompyuta, electromechanical, ndi cathode ray chubu.

Kopita lophimba ndi kulamulira mafunde a coils ndi lagona pa zizindikiro kalunzanitsidwe wa sensa.

Mu unyolo galimoto kumene lophimba mfundo amachita ntchito Tester poyatsira kachitidwe, basi kusinthitsa kudzera pa dongosolo mafuta ndi gasi mafuta nthawi ya poyatsira nthawi ndi zina zambiri.

A mbiri pang'ono

Dongosolo poyatsira wa magalimoto choyamba ntchito optional batire poyatsira, omwe amagwira ntchito pa mfundo za kudziletsa kupatsidwa ulemu. chiwembu ntchito imeneyi watenga mizu mu galimoto kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka zinthu zatsopano zinalengedwa. Iwo kunapangitsa kuti kusintha chipangizo ndipo potero kudzipulumutsa yekha kusinthana mfundo opaleshoni.

Chotsatira mu chitukuko cha chida ichi chinali chilengedwe cha analogue ake pakompyuta ntchito makiyi zochokera transistors kwa avtoupravleniya panopa amene akuyenda ku koyilo poyatsira. Kugwira ntchito mfundo akanali EMR ndi kudzera mafungulo utachepa katundu ntchito kwa magulu kukhudzana interrupter ndipo ukuwonjezeka panopa, zomwe zinkayenderera kupyola koyilo ndi kumulowetsa.

Mawu oyamba a zaluso ngati sayansi anapereka zotsatira izi:

• poyatsira kukana lizigwira wagawo anali kwambiri kumatheka;
• Iwo anakwanitsa kuonetsetsa mtendere ntchito pa kuchuluka injini liwiro imathamanga mkulu wa gulu;
• Chathandiza psinjika chiŵerengero.

Komanso, monga mbali ya masiwichi kwa ayamba:

• thyristor dera;
• zinthu transistor;
• masensa popanda kukhudzana;
• hybrid madera.

Kugwiritsa zigawo izi mu mfundo lophimba kwambiri kuchuluka khalidwe la galimoto ndipo kunapangitsa kuti ntchito batire poyatsira.

chakuti dongosolo galimoto kulamulira lophimba pakompyuta wakhala anayambitsa, wakupatsani m'malo kukhudzana baka ichidachi voteji pa kachipangizo moyandikana pa nthawi. Woyamba chipangizo amenewa anali lophimba Vaz, ndi poyatsira wa ozikidwa pa ntchito Nyumba kachipangizo.

Chotsatira anali cholengedwa zipangizo Mipikisano njira, kenako kukhazikitsa dongosolo osiyana ongokhala lophimba ndi koyilo anapereka pa chilichonse kandulo. Iwo wapereka ubwino wake:

• Ndinayamba wamphamvu kwambiri nthethe;
• Iwo anakwanitsa kuchepetsa kenako kuthetsa imfa ya powerengetsera;
• Anamuuza kuti kukwaniritsa kuthamanga khola pa liwiro osagwira;
• kwambiri akulakalaka mafuta;
• pa otsika kutentha, bwino injini oyambitsa.

Kugwira ntchito chipangizo

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito za magetsi ndi zotheka mwamsanga kusinthana dera ndi masensa kasinthasintha ndi kulamulira mafunde mu koyilo poyatsira.

Chakuti chizindikiro kwa masensa kasinthasintha ndi ofooka kapena analogi ndi kovuta ntchito. Choncho, ntchito dongosolo kulamulira, ayenera osati kulenga, komanso kulimbitsa, ndi Tulukani chachikulu kumulowetsa wa koyilo, amene amalola mkulu-liwiro kusinthitsa.

Multichannel chipangizo amatha kutulutsa kulamulira ndi kusinthitsa wa coils angapo poyatsira.

Location

Amapanga, lophimba akhoza pamodzi amagetsi injini ulamuliro wagawo, mmene ulamuliro chizindikiro analandira kuchokera mwachindunji kwa koyilo poyatsira.

Ngati kapangidwe ndi chotero kuti chipangizo zoti padera, akhoza wokwera:

• pa wogulitsa poyatsira monga Vaz;
• mu pafupi ndi koyilo poyatsira;
• padera pa pamwamba zitsulo za koziziritsira Mwachitsanzo pa mapiko kapena pakhoma pansi bonnet, monga mwa "Ford";
• pafupi amagetsi kulamulira wagawo ndi zambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, kusinthana "Audi" pansi pa zenera lakutsogolo ili mu injini chipinda mu casing zakuthupi ndi madzi. Palinso cholumikizira zipangizo matenda.

mitundu ya masiwichi

Kuchokera zosiyanasiyana mtundu wa zipangizo magalimoto ndi njinga zamoto ndi izi:

• chipangizo amene ali anamanga-jenereta mkulu voteji - DC CDI;
• lophimba opaleshoni yekha pamaso pa gwero zina voteji mkulu - AC CDI;
• koyilo lophimba.

masiwichi DC-mtundu ali kwambiri ntchito chifukwa cha zamalumikizidwe zosavuta, ali pa thupi ojambula anayi okha: Nyumba sensa, opanda, kuphatikiza, poyatsira koyilo.

zipangizozi ndi osiyanasiyana:

• popanda Kuchepetsa liwiro pazipita kapena naye;
• ndi n'zotheka kusintha gawo poyatsira nthawi;
• zosowa zosiyana - kupezeka kwa magulu zina kukhudzana.

masiwichi AC-mtundu amasiyana choyamba kuti iwo safuna kukhalapo nthawi zonse voteji, ndi kulumikiza iwo zovuta. Iwo ndi miyeso ochepa choncho ndi kapangidwe chosavuta. Chifukwa cha ichi, iwo alibe malire a liwiro pazipita, omwe amachepetsa chitetezo cha ntchito njira zamakono.

Masiwichi, coils ndi chidwi kwambiri, bwino kuphunzira ndi zochepa wamba mitundu. Iwo kuphatikiza ndi poyatsira koyilo ndi mchitidwe kusinthitsa, ndipo ali okonzeka ndi Nyumba kachipangizo.

Mfundo ntchito ndi pakamwa panopa kuti umayenda mwa voteji thiransifoma mkulu ndi otsika voteji-kumulowetsa koyilo. Nkosafuna anagwira usokoneze kukhudzana lophimba kuti actuated ndi kutsinde kwa wogulitsa la poyatsira lapansi.

System ndi wowaza makina ali kuipa zotsatirazi:

1. Chifukwa kwambiri panopa loyenda mu koyilo makamaka baka ichidachi kaŵirikaŵiri kwaiye mphamvu yomwe imatsogolera ku kuwonongeka kwa ojambula a iwo anasungunuka kuwotcha.
2. Mu nthawi yozizira ndi yonyowa wa chaka kulankhula poyera electrochemical kukokoloka.
3. Mkulu panopa kukhudzana mu zimayambitsa baka ichidachi, kuti nthawi ya poyatsira mphanvu kumaliseche ndi lalifupi, tidzapeza osauka mafuta poyatsira ntchito ndipo osalimba a injini pa revs otsika. Choncho, chofunika mtengo wa osakaniza wabwino.

Kupha kuipa izi latheka mkubwela kwa transistors mkulu-voteji mphamvu yapamwamba ndi mphamvu contactless zamagetsi poyatsira.

Ena madalaivala kusintha ntchito galimoto ndi kusintha kukhudzana contactless poyatsira dongosolo la chitsanzo latsopano. Ndi okwera mtengo ndi nthawi yambiri, chifukwa mukufuna kusintha dongosolo poyatsira kwathunthu ndi kugula ndi lophimba amagetsi. Komanso, sikuti kusamalira kupeza abwino buku latsopano kwa lophimba akale poyatsira.

Ngakhale izi, ngakhale pakati pa poyatsira koyilo ndi kukhudzana baka ichidachi kulumikiza lophimba yosavuta mphamvu transistor, akhoza kwambiri kuwongolera kukhudzana ndi galimoto poyatsira dongosolo:

• kusiya anasungunuka kukhudzana baka ichidachi chifukwa kuchepa kwa panopa;
• kuyang'anira mphanvu nthawi zingawonjezere pafupifupi theka, amene adzachititsa poyatsira bwino mafuta;
• dongosolo nthawi zonse kubwerera ku Baibulo loyambirira la losavuta rewiring mawaya mu chochitika anathetsa mu transistor lophimba.

mitundu ya masiwichi

Pali mitundu zotsatirazi:

• muyezo (katundu);
• masewera;
• ndi kotheka kusintha gawo poyatsira nthawi.

Standard umatchedwanso kuda, n'kuyamba yakwera ndi Mlengi, choncho ndi kuchita masamu pa magawo a zida unsembe. Zimenezi, limatitsimikizira kuti injini adzathamanga molondola ndi chuma kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi zambiri, masiwichi izi zili ndi limiters liwiro, omwe si yekha amene angapulumutse moyo wa dalaivala, komanso kukhala kwake zigawo zikuluzikulu ndi misonkhano makina.

Sport lophimba lakonzedwa kuonjezera malire chapamwamba liwiro engine. Iwo anaika m'malo muyezo pa pempho galimoto. Koma kuti zimenezi zitheke, tiyenera akatswiri yekha, ndi wagawo imeneyi iyeneranso m'malo ena zambiri. Ngati sanachite, kapena kuchita angaphophonye, luso mfundo sizigwira ntchito bwino mpaka kulephera chayandikira cha galimoto ndi.

Komanso, ngakhale m'malo akatswiri kwa lophimba muyezo pa masewera anawonjezera chiopsezo kwambiri za ngozi ngati galimoto athamanga dalaivala wosadziwa. Choncho kuti zimenezi ayenera kusamala kwambiri, kudziwa chiopsezo likudzalo, makamaka atakhala lophimba pa njinga yamoto yovundikira lapansi. Kwenikweni, tiyenera kusamala zonse zofunika.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya lophimba gawo kusintha poyatsira nthawi ndi kuti compensates mphamvu akusowa m'madera a ankasinthana kumene mukufuna, ndipo aligns ngodya yokhota Zithunzi za makokedwe. Izi zipangitsa phindu mu mathamangitsidwe poyerekeza ndi masiwichi muyezo ndi yunifolomu wamphamvu injini ntchito imathamanga zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi mitundu ya vuto

Zizindikiro kuti m'dziko poyatsira sichitha vuto alipo, mayiko amenewa ndi:

• palibe mphanvu pa mphanvu, injini si kuyamba;
• injini anayamba, koma patapita m'khola nthawi yochepa;
• ntchito injini galimoto opareshoni bwino, wogawana ndipo wafika mwakale pamene kusintha kwa taphunzira sanali zosalongosoka lophimba.

Childs, kulephera mu magetsi anakumana mitundu zotsatirazi:

• dera yochepa chifukwa zimamuchulukira chimodzi kapena zonse za windings yoyamba ya koyilo poyatsira;
• kulephera kwa dongosolo mkulu voteji.

Kodi kuyesa

Pofuna kuyesa magwiridwe chipangizo, pali njira otchuka. Makamaka, m'pofunika:

• njira yosavuta pa siteji koyamba - m'malo chipangizo ndi ntchito kudziwika ndi kufanizira zotsatira;
• kufufuza ngati kotunga voteji umagwiritsidwa ntchito malo chipangizo. Ziyenera kuchitika m'njira ziwiri: a voltmeter ndi katundu;
• kudzera cheke olondola waveform mawonekedwe athandizira chizindikiro kuti akudyetsedwa kusinthana ndi;
• njira yofanana kutsimikizira linanena bungwe waveform;
• ngati chida gulu galimoto zida ndi voltmeter, ndi mayeso akhoza kuchitika zowoneka, kuonera lonse wake. Chifukwa chaichi poyatsira ndi anazimitsa, komwe kufunika mwadzina pachionetsero ayenera pafupifupi 12V, ndi lophimba kwa nthawi yoti voteji. Pambuyo poyatsira ndi anatembenukira, muvi kanthawi kochepa mabasi, kenako inapitiriza zina lamanja za millimeter ndi oyima. Kulakwila ndondomeko amenewa amasonyeza wonongeka mu lophimba ndi;
• kutsimikizira ntchito poyatsira angagwiritse ntchito ulamuliro - zonse galimoto - babu kuwala. Mmodzi wa kukhudzana ake chikugwirizana ndi katundu, ndipo chachiwiri - pa koyilo linanena bungwe, amene olumikizidwa kwa commutator osachiritsika. Pa lophimba ntchito pamene nyali poyatsira adzakhala zimaphethira ndipo m'kupita kuyatsa kuwala kuposa;
• ndi kulamulira poyatsira, ngati kulephera si olumikizidwa kwa magetsi, muyenera kufufuza mawaya, kulankhula ndi zolumikizira, komanso kufufuza Nyumba kachipangizo.

Nkofunika tisaiwale kuti masiwichi ntchito ndi kupoletsa masensa sangathe ntchito mu kachitidwe kuti muli Nyumba kachipangizo. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mosemphanitsa.

Kodi kukonza lophimba

chipangizo Izi ndi zofunika mu dongosolo poyatsira. Mfundo zikugwira ntchito za magetsi ndi chotero kuti ngati ukulephera kuyamba injini galimoto sizigwira ntchito.

Komabe nthawi zambiri, kukonza sizingatheke ndipo unit ayenera m'malo, choncho usakhale nthano ndi yopuma woyendetsa ntchito chipangizo.

Kusinthana njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi

Childs, mu Chinese ndi scooters kwambiri Japanese ntchito dongosolo poyatsira zochokera capacitors. capacitor ntchito ndi kuti pambuyo kuyambira injini izo amasonkhana mphamvu, ndipo pamene voteji anakhumba umaperekedwa mwa thyristor panopa kuti koyilo, kumene ali n'kukhala mphamvu athandizira ndi prevyschayuschuyu nthawi 60-200 kuti akapsa ndi njinga yamoto yovundikira engine.

A lililonse nthumwi zida kwa njinga yamoto yovundikira ndi chikukhudza ndi voteji wambirimbiri capacitor lophimba ndi "Honda" Dio AF 34. ntchito zipangizo zoterezi ndi mphamvu nthawi zonse pakhale mphamvu yomweyo, imbaenda mtendere wa ndondomeko injini chiyambi.

Koma chifukwa chakuti ambiri scooters poyatsira dongosolo muli constructively mu chiwembu ambiri a magetsi, ngati dera yochepa kapena zimamuchulukira lophimba sichitha choyamba. Choncho n'zomveka pamene kugula njinga yamoto yovundikira kulabadira zitsanzo kumene kugwirizana lophimba ndi gawo poyatsira wokwera wodziimira dera magetsi. Chiopsezo cha kulephera iyi ndi yafupika.