Hyper-Threading - ndichiyani? Kodi kuloleza Hyper-Threading?

Ambiri a Intel mapurosesa monga zigawo ndi kuthandiza Hyper-Threading Technology, amene, malinga ndi kutukula lingaliro ndi kuthandiza kuonjezera zokolola za Chip ndi mathamangitsidwe wa PC wonse. ndi limatchula za chigamulo cha bungweli US chiyani? Kodi mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino Hyper-Threading?

zokhuza njira

Taganizirani mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza Hyper-Threading. ndi njira imeneyi n'chiyani? Intel ake zachitika ndipo koyamba kwa anthu mu 2001. Cholinga chake chinali kuonjezera ntchito makina. The mfundo akuyendera mu Hyper-Threading - kugawa purosesa kompyuta pa ulusi angapo. Ndipo n'zotheka, ngakhale mtundu yoyenera Chip chilichonse koma pachimake chimodzi (iwonso, ngati iwo ali 2 kapena zambiri, ndi mitsinje mu purosesa kale allocated - luso bwinobwino liyense limagwirira izi).

Machitidwe a dera lalikulu la PC a m'mitsinje angapo likuvutika makope a limati mapulani mu njira ya computations. Pamene izi adamulowetsa wina ndi kuika chomwecho chuma pa Chip lapansi. Ngati ntchito akugwiritsa ntchito mwayi ofananira, ntchito pafupifupi kwambiri zimagwiridwa kwambiri mofulumira. N'kofunikanso kuti luso mu funso, mothandizidwa kompyuta athandizira-linanena bungwe dongosolo - BIOS.

Tikuyambitsa Hyper-Threading

Ngati purosesa waikidwa mu PC, iwo amapereka muyezo zonse, izo kawirikawiri imayendetsa basi. Koma nthawi zina m'pofunika kuti azichita zinthu zofunika pamanja kuti Hyper-Threading Technology. Kodi Ine zimenezi? lophweka.

Fufuzani mu mawonekedwe waukulu BIOS. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mu chiyambi cha jombo muyenera kupitiriza Del, nthawizina - F2, F10, osachepera - makiyi zina, koma muyenera nthawi zonse kuonekera mu umodzi mwa mizere ya lemba anasonyeza pa zenera yomweyo pambuyo ponditembenukira pa PC. The mawonekedwe BIOS kupeza chinthu Hyper-Threading: chifukwa Mabaibulo amapereka kwa dongosolo athandizira-linanena bungwe, kaŵirikaŵiri ili mu malo aakulu. Posankha njira yoyenera, tilimbikire Enter kuti yambitsa izo, poona mmene chinathandiza. Ngati mode izi anakhazikitsa, zikutanthauza kuti Hyper-Threading Technology akuthamanga. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino wake onse. Mwa kum'patsa luso mu zoikamo, muyenera kusunga zolemba zonse BIOS ndi, kusankha Save ndi Tulukani dongosolo. Pambuyo pake, kompyuta adzakhala Chisudzulo Chikuwononga mu mode pamene CPU ikutha ndi kuthandiza Hyper-Theading. Mofananamo anagwira Hyper-Threading kutali. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kusankha ndime zogwirizana mu njira ina - olemala ndi kusunga zoikamo.

Ataphunzira mmene athe Hyper-Threading ndi nthawi yaitali pamalo angawa sayansi, kuyang'ana pa zinthu zake mwatsatanetsatane.

Mapurosesa ndi Hyper Threading thandizo

The purosesa poyamba, yemwe anali akuyendera pansi kulingalira zosiyana, malinga ndi malipoti ena - Intel Xeon MP, amatchedwanso MP wa oterewa. Chip Izi angapo zigawo mapulani ndi lofanana ndi Pentium 4, yomwe pambuyo pake komanso akuyendera luso mu funso. Kenako, ntchito ya kompyuta Mipikisano yamazinga unayamba pa Xeon Seva mapurosesa ndi ngale Prestonia.

Ngati ife kulankhula za kuchuluka panopa Hyper-Threading - kodi "peresenti" akathandize? Pakati pa tchipisi yotchuka kwambiri ya mtundu - amene a Kore banja ndi Xeon. Komanso, pali umboni kuti ma aligorivimu ofanana akuyendera mapurosesa Itanium ndi Atom mtundu.

Dziwani zambiri zofunika pa Hyper-Threading, mapurosesa ndi thandizo lake, taonani mfundo chidwi kwambiri zokhudza mbiri ya chitukuko luso.

History chitukuko

Monga momwe taonera pamwambapa, kampani Intel anasonyeza mfundo mu funso, kwa anthu mu 2001. Koma njira yoyamba chilengedwe cha luso tapangidwa mu 90s oyambirira. Akatswiri a kampani American, izo unkachitika kuti PC chuma purosesa pamene akuchita mndandanda wa ntchito kuti yambitsa bwinobwino.

Monga Intel ali masamu pamene wosuta akugwira ntchito pa Chip PC mwa intervals lalikulu - mwina nthawi zambiri - zimafunika kwambiri mwachangu - pafupifupi 30%. Katswiri maganizo pankhani chithunzi ichi ndi chosiyana kwambiri - munthu aganiza ndi bwino otsika kwambiri, ena - kwathunthu kugwirizana ndi nkhani yolembedwa ya kutukula American.

Komabe, ambiri IT-akatswiri ndi a maganizo ngakhale kuti 70% ya mphamvu CPU m'posafunika, koma ndalama zofunika kwambiri pa iwo.

Ntchito yaikulu ya kutukula ndi

Intel waganiza kukonza boma la zochitika chifukwa njira qualitatively latsopano kuwonetsetsa mphamvu ya Chip yaikulu PC. Iwo adapempha kuti akonze zipangizo zamakono kuti zimathandiza kuti ntchito yogwira cha mwayi wa mapurosesa. Mu 1996, Intel ali anapezerapo chitukuko othandiza.

Malinga ndi American kampani lingaliro, purosesa, processing deta ku pulogalamu munthu akhoza kutumiza zinthu zachabe ntchito ndi ntchito ina (kapena chigawo chimodzi pano, koma ndi dongosolo losiyana ndi amafuna kusakanikirana kwa zinthu zina). The aligorivimu ziwalo amadziwikanso ankaganiza mogwirizana ogwira ndi zigawo zina hardware pa PC - RAM, chipset, ndi mapulogalamu.

Intel anakwanitsa kuthetsa vutoli. Poyamba, luso amatchedwa Willamette. Mu 1999, iye anayambitsa pa zomangamanga a ena mapurosesa, ndipo anayamba kudziyesa izo. luso posachedwa Dzina limeneli pano - Hyper-Threading. Kodi kwenikweni zinali - ndi rebranding yosavuta kapena zinthu kwambiri ndi chosadziwika nsanja. Komanso mfundo za maonekedwe a sayansi anthu ndi kukhazikitsa mu zitsanzo zosiyanasiyana za Intel mapurosesa, ife tikudziwa kale. Mwa maina wamba a lero chitukuko - Hyper-Threading Technology.

ngakhale ndi zinthu zamakono

Kodi izo akuyendera Hyper-Threading Technology thandizo kachitidwe opaleshoni? Mwina ananena kuti pankhani Mabaibulo yamakono ya Windows, muli mavuto ndi wosuta kuti athe kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino Intel Hyper-Threading Technology, adzakhala osadzuka. Kumene, n'kofunika komanso kuonetsetsa kuti luso amathandiza dongosolo athandizira-linanena bungwe - ichi tanena pamwambazi.

Mapulogalamu ndi hardware zifukwa

Ponena za Mabaibulo akale a Os pulogalamu - Mawindo 98, NT ndiponso chakale XP, zofunika chikhalidwe cha ngakhale ndi Hyper-Threading - ACPI thandizo. Ngati opaleshoni dongosolo ndi sadatsatire, osati tizingwe kompyuta, amene anapanga ndi zigawo ziwalo zidzadziŵika ndi kompyuta. Onani kuti Windows XP lonse lili nkhani ya ubwino wa njira imeneyi. Ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti ma aligorivimu multithreading anali zagwiridwa ndi ntchito ndi mwini wa ntchito PC.

Nthawi zina mungafunike m'malo mavabodi PC - ngati inu kukhazikitsa pa mapurosesa ndi Hyper-Threading chithandizo, m'malo amene anaimirira koyamba ndipo anali sikugwirizana ndi sayansi. Komabe, monga mmene zinalili ndi kachitidwe zikugwira ntchito, mavuto sadzakhala, ngati wosuta nazo - PC ano, kapena zigawo zikuluzikulu zogwirizana za "chitsulo" woyamba purosesa Intel Kore i5. Hyper Threading, monga taonera pamwambapa, akuyendera mu mzere Kore, ndiponso kusintha kwa izo motherboards chipset amachita nawo mokwanira ziwalo ntchito Chip.

yosayambitsa kwa mathamangitsidwe

Ngati kompyuta yanu pa mlingo wa hardware ndi mapulogalamu zigawo sadzakhala yogwirizana ndi Hyper-Threading, ndiye njira imeneyi, chiphunzitso, ngakhale m'mbuyo ntchito yake. Zimenezi zachititsa ena madokotala kukayikira chiyembekezo njira kwa Intel. Iwo anaganiza sanali zogonjetsa luso, ndi njira malonda ndi maziko a mfundo Hyper Threading, lomwe ndi aligorivimu lomwe, ndi ukoma wa zomangamanga sangathe kwambiri kufulumizitsa PC wanu. Koma otsutsa chikaiko posakhalitsa kumatha mwa akatswiri Intel.

Choncho, zinthu zofunika kuonetsetsa kuti njira wakhala bwinobwino nawo:

- Hyper-Threading dongosolo thandizo athandizira-linanena bungwe;

- ngakhale kwa mavabodi ndi mtundu yoyenera purosesa;

- Support kwa sayansi opaleshoni dongosolo ndi ntchito yeniyeni kuthamanga pa izo.

Ngati woyamba pawiri mavuto wapadera ayenera sanalembedwepo pa mbali ya ngakhale pulogalamu Hyper-Threading ngakhale kuti ena anakuta. Koma tisaiwale kuti ngati ntchito amathandiza Mwachitsanzo, ntchito ndi purosesa wapawiri-pachimake, adzakhala n'zogwirizana, pafupifupi kungakupatseni ndi luso Intel a.

Osachepera pali maphunziro natsimikiza kukula kwa mapulogalamu zokolola, kusinthidwa kwa tchipisi wapawiri-pachimake, za 15-18%, ngati purosesa akuthamanga Intel Hyper Threading zigawo. Kodi kuletsa iwo - ife tikudziwa kale (mu nkhani wosuta ali ankakayikira za moyenera luso chinkhoswe). Koma zifukwa chogwirika chifukwa maonekedwe awo, mwina zochepa.

Phindu yeniyeni ya Hyper-Threading

Kaya luso wapereka, mu funso, chogwirika ubwino mpikisano wa Intel? Pali maganizo osiyanasiyana pa nkhani imeneyi. Koma ambiri amati: kotero anali wotchuka Hyper-Threading Technology, wasanduka njira yofunika mafakitale ambiri kachitidwe Seva, komanso anali kuwalandira ndi ogwiritsa wamba kompyuta.

The processing deta hardware

Ubwino waukulu wa sayansi - kuti akuyendera mtundu hardware. Ndiko, gawo lalikulu la anapezazo ndi adzachitidwa mkati purosesa kwa zigawo yeniyeni, osati ma aligorivimu mapulogalamu kuwapereka kwa mlingo wa chachikulu Chip ngale - zomwe zingasonyeze kuchepetsa ntchito chachikulu PC. Onse, monga mmene ananenera izo-akatswiri okonza Intel anakwanitsa kuthetsa vuto, amene anatsimikiza pa chiyambi cha chitukuko cha luso - chifukwa purosesa ntchito efficiently. Inde, monga momwe mayesero, njira ya ntchito zambiri pafupifupi zofunika kwa wosuta ntchito Hyper-Threading kuthi kwambiri kufulumizitsa ntchito.

Mwina kudziŵika kuti pakati pa Pentium 4 tchipisi, amene okonzeka ndi zigawo akuthandiza njira imeneyi, ntchito zambiri bwino ndi zosintha choyamba. Mu njira zambiri izi anasonyeza luso PC ndi ntchito mu mawonekedwe a multitasking weniweni - pamene mitundu angapo osiyana wa ntchito Windows, ndipo kwambiri osafunika kupweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha mowa chuma dongosolo ndi mmodzi wa iwo amachepetsa liwiro la ntchito za ena.

Yankho munthawi yomweyo mavuto osiyanasiyana

Choncho, mapurosesa ndi Hyper-Threading thandizo bwino ndinazolowera kuposa Chip amene sikugwirizana ndi izo, munthawi yomweyo kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mwachitsanzo, msakatuli, nyimbo ikuyimba ndi kugwira ntchito ndi zikalata. Kumene, ubwino zonsezi maganizo wosuta kuchita ngati mapulogalamu ndi hardware zigawo za PC ndi yodziwika ndi ngakhale okwanira ndi mode ofanana ntchito.

chitukuko ofanana

Hyper-Threading Technology - si yekhayo amene lakonzedwa kuti kumapangitsanso PC ntchito ndi kompyuta multithreaded. Iye ali analogues.

Mwachitsanzo, mu mapurosesa POWER5 anamasulidwa ndi IBM, mulinso kuthandiza Mipikisano threading. Ndiko kuti, aliyense wa mitima purosesa (a 2 anaika pomwepo mchitidwe lolingana) ingagwire ntchito mwa mitsinje awiri. Choncho Chip ndi amangomvera 4 kompyuta ulusi imodzi.

Pakati AMD alinso zotsatira zabwino m'munda mfundo Mipikisano threading. Amadziwika kuti zomangamanga Bulldozer, ma aligorivimu zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana Hyper-Threading. njira Mbali ku AMD kuti aliyense ulusi amangomvera munthu mayunitsi purosesa. Pamene posungira ili mlingo wachiwiri amagawidwa. Zikhulupiriro zofanana ndi zomwe zagwiridwa ndi mwakuchita AMD Bobcat zomangamanga, amene kusinthidwa kwa m'mabuku ndi ma PC yaing'ono.

Kumene, mfundo za m'gulu mwachindunji ku AMD, IBM ndi Intel tinganene kuti makonzedwe kwambiri. Komanso wakudza kwa mapangidwe kapangidwe purosesa ambiri. Koma mfundo zopezeka umisiri ndi zogwirizana tinganene kuti ofanana ndithu, ndi zolinga kuika kutukula ku mbali ya kukula Mwachangu tchipisi kukumbukira - kwambiri Ndipotu, ngati si zofanana.

Awa ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza sayansi yosangalatsa yochokera Intel. Chimene icho chiri, momwe kuti athe Hyper-Threading kapena, Tikawonetsetsa nthawi yaitali pamalo angawa, ife apeza. Mfundo, mwina mu kugwiritsa ntchito ubwino wake, amene mungagwiritse ntchito, kuonetsetsa kuti hardware PC ndi mapulogalamu thandizo luso.