Gershvin Dzhordzh: yonena, ntchito

The kwambiri American Wolemba Gershvin Dzhordzh, amene yonena mwadzaza highs nthawi zonse ndi motsatana mwadzidzidzi, moyo wake ophatikizapo loto American. Iye akwaniritsa zonse yekha, kupeza njira zawo, kufika pamwamba zosaneneka ndi kutchuka dziko.

Banja ndi Childhood

September 26, chaka cha 1898 mu banja lina longobwera Russian Ayuda ku Brooklyn mnyamata anabadwa - Yakobo Gershovits. Banjali linali si olemera, mmenemo, kupatula Yakobo anali ndi ana atatu, iwo ankakhala m'kanyumba kakang'ono mu nyumba matabwa. Pamene mwana anali obnoxious, zonse zoipa, oipa kusukulu. Mayi poyamba ankaganiza iye adzakhala mphunzitsi, koma kenako anam'lemba ku sukulu ya zamalonda, ngakhale osokonezeka iwo George sanatero.

Kupeza nyimbo

The mnyamata kuyambira ali mwana wakhala chidwi ndi nyimbo. Ngakhale siketing'i, izo zikanakhoza amaundana pamalo akumva wokongola nyimbo. Koposa zonse, izo anakopeka jazi, koma nayenso ankakonda zapamwamba. Pamene sukulu wachita Maks Rozentsveyg: ankaimba vayolini, "Humoresque" Dvorak. Music wagonjetsa wolemba m'tsogolo. Anadikira nthawi yaitali konsati woyimba zeze, osati kudikira, anapita kunyumba kwake. Kenako iwo anakhala mabwenzi, ndipo ndicho Max George anatsegula dziko nyimbo. Mu Rosenzweig m'nyumba, adamva kuyimba ndi kuphunzira mwa khutu kuimba limba.

Makolo anasangalala kwambiri kudziwa kuti mwana wake panali chidwi amphamvu mu moyo ndi luso zoonekeratu. Analemba mu sukulu music, koma maphunziro mwadongosolo, maphunziro khutu ndi Popanga madzi a gamma m'gulu sanali George. Iye sanayambe aphunzira nyimbo. Koma dziko latsopano choyambirira woimba - Gershvin Dzhordzh, amene yonena anali tsopano inextricably zogwirizana ndi zilandiridwenso. Charles Hambitseru okha anakwanitsa kupeza chinenero anyamata. Iye anamupatsa iye maphunziro limba, analangiza akatswiri mogwirizana ndi orchestration.

nyimbo siteji ntchito

Kwa zaka 17, Gershwin katswiri ndizosowa kulemba nyimbo, anaphunzira bwino kuimba limba nayamba ankalemba ntchito zake. Izo kovuta kwambiri kuphunzira zidutswa chakale, koma anachita chidwi nyimbo otchuka.

Popeza 1915, amayamba kukonda ntchito: kusewera mu malo odyera, silipita ndi pang'onopang'ono analemba nyimbo zawo, makamaka ndi nyimbo yaing'ono ndi nyimbo.

Kenako anakhala wachilembo cha nyimbo nyimbo, izi akafika msinkhu izi. Dawn ntchito yake chinachitikira ndi kuwonjezeka kutchuka kwa jazi, Gershwin ndi kulimbikitsa mkhalidwe umenewu wakhala kwambiri. Iwo amalenga ambiri nyimbo zimene zikupangitsa kuti yoimba kuti mukupeka luso.

Latsopano sitepe kulenga anali mgwirizano ndi m'bale wake, amene ankagwira ntchito mu pseudonym Arthur Francis, ndi amene analemba libretto. Kwa zaka 10, mgwirizano uwu kulenga Chatuluka oposa 20 nyimbo chifukwa Broadway ndi Hollywood.

magetsi a Broadway

Mu 1918, Gershwin anakhala katswiri wolemba nyimbo. Sanalinso ayenera kupereka maphunziro ndi kuyang'ana kwa ntchito mu oimba. Tsopano analemba nyimbo Broadway nyimbo. Iye walemba 10 nyimbo chaka, ndi ena nyimbo ayamba kutchuka Mwachitsanzo, Swanee.

Mu 1922 pa Broadway limapezeka kukumenya za zisudzo Blue Lolemba, amene analengedwa ndi Gershvin Dzhordzh. Wambiri woimba akupanga kulumpha - anaitanidwa ntchito jazi gulu la oimba a Paulo Whiteman. Ndi pa mgwirizano umenewu zikuyenda bwino Dzhordzh Gershvin, Rhapsody mu izo - Rhapsody in Blue amakhala wotchuka ntchito nthawi imeneyi.

Mu 1924, ntchito ya George Gershwin ukufika kukhwima. Iye analemba Lady nyimbo, Limbani, amene ayamba ulemerero weniweni. Zikuchokera ndi munthu amene ndimamukonda imatengedwa zabwino chikondi nyimbo za m'ma XX.

Music ndi George Gershwin kumagwiritsa mutu wa symphonic zapamwamba, chi wakuda music, folklore amajambulapo maluwa okongola. Kalembedwe Woipeka imachitika nyimbo ija, kaimbidwe lakuthwa, mawu.

Total Gershwin analemba oposa 30 nyimbo, wotchuka kwambiri a ndizo O, Kay! (1926), «Mula Nkhope» (1927), bandi (1927/30), iwe ndimaimba (1931). wotchuka anali chiwonetsero iwe ndimaimba (1931), ntchito imeneyi, Gershwin ndi anzake analandira ndi Pulitzer Prize. Zinali yoyamba mu mbiri ya mphoto ya nyimbo premiums kolowera.

Opera "Porgy ndi Bess": nsonga ya zilandiridwenso

Wotchuka kwambiri ndi zofunika ntchito ndi Gershwin ndi sewero la "Porgy ndi Bess". ntchito wotchuka linalembedwa mu 1935 ndi sewero D. Hayward Negro Romeo ndi Juliet. lemba anachita chidwi kwambiri ndi woimba, ndipo anaganiza, ndi chilolezo cha Mlembi, nachiyika nyimbo. lingaliro anabwera mu 1926, koma mwachindunji ntchito ya George akuyamba mu 1933. Iwo amalankhula wolemba, anapita powonekera, kumvetsera zambiri wowerengeka nyimbo. Wolemba ntchito pa za zisudzo miyezi 20, ntchitoyi mwakhama, Gershwin ngakhale kumanzere New York pafupifupi chaka nakhala kamudzi nsomba South Carolina.

Zokambirana anali sikuthandiza: Gershwin anatha kulemba mwaluso kwenikweni. The ntchito kusonyeza dziko Gershwin Albucasis. Iye analemba amajambulapo maluwa okongola choyambirira wowerengeka ndi jazi improvisation ndi nyimbo symphonic. The kuyamba zinachitika mu 1935 ndipo anali ndi kupambana zidzasintha, koma mbiri enieni anabwera kwa ntchito atafa mlembi. Opera lidakalipobe mazana a chuma ndipo anayamba golide thumba nyimbo dziko.

moyo wa namatetule wa

Pokhala malingaliro za moyo bohemia anakhala Gershvin Dzhordzh, amene yonena mwadzaza misonkhano ndi akazi ndi ufulu. Iye anali weniweni Casanova. Kunena kwake ndi akazi okongola kwambiri sikutheka kulengeseka.

Wild moyo ntchitoyo pa thanzi za zisudzo Wolemba linafooka. Iye anamwalira ndi chotupa mu ubongo mu 1937, 39 zakubadwa.

Gershwin cholowa sangathe anakokomeza, izo zakhala tingachipeze powerenga za XX atumwi, nyimbo zake akupitiriza kutchula mbale. Ochita wamkulu amaona kuti ndi ulemu kuchita ntchito za Wolemba lapansi.