Georgia, Mtskheta: zokopa, chikhalidwe, mbiri yakale zipilala

Kodi mukufuna kudziwa apaulendo ufulu kupita ku dziko lino kwabasi ngati Georgia? Mtskheta, zomwe zimakopa adzakhala anafotokoza m'nkhani ino ndi ayenera-onani kopita pa njira. Ndipotu, mzinda uno - likulu loyambirira la dziko. Ndipo ngakhale kuti udindo ankadutsa Tbilisi, Mtskheta akanali mtima wa Georgia, likulu lake chikhalidwe ndi mbiri yakale. Ndi zokwanira mumsewu wakale wa mzinda muzindikire zizindikiro za ukulu wake wakale. Mtskheta pa zaka zikwi ziwiri. Ndipo boma Chijojiya ndi pakuika mu mzinda ndalama zambiri kukopa alendo zokopa wakale umenewu. Onse zipilala mbiri pano limzake. Koma kuwonjezera alendo m'misewu ya Mtskheta amwendamnjira ambiri. Ndipotu, ndi wochokera ku mzinda uno anayamba kulalikira kwa Georgia. Izo zinachitika kumbuyo mu mazana atatu ndi makumi awiri ndi chiwiri chaka cha nthawi yathu ino. Kodi ndimaona Mtskheta - mwaphunzira nkhani imeneyi.

Kayendedwe

Choyamba muyenera kupeza kuti Georgia, Tbilisi likulu ano. pali mwachindunji yokonzedweratu ndege ku Russia. Iwo akupereka zinthu molimba-onyamula monga S7 ndi "Chijojiya Airways". kuyenda nthawi - awiri ndi theka maola. Mtengo wa ndege akhoza kukhala mtengo, ngati inu kuuluka polumikiza flights: ndi kusintha mu Warsaw (LOTI), Riga ( "Air Baltic"), Istanbul ( "Turkey Airlines") kapena Kiev. Ngati ndinu Georgia ndi galimoto, ulendo ku Tbilisi kuti Mtskheta adzatenga kota ya ola. Ndipotu zakale ndi zamakono likulu gawo makumi awiri okha makilomita. Inu mukanakhoza kunena kuti Mtskheta wakhala mumzinda kutali Tbilisi. Kumene, pakati pa mizinda iwiri zolumikizana mabasi. Kuti tifike Mtskheta, kufika pa Tbilisi okwerera sitima siteshoni "Didube". Potuluka yapansi, muyenera kamodzinso kuyenda pansi pa madzi mu ndimeyi ndi mobisa zikubweretsa msika lachibadwa. Kukhala mizere masamba, kupeza mofanana zinawonongeka siteshoni basi. Pa m'gawo lake pali thandala-kabati. M'pofunika kulipira lari imodzi tikiti kumeneko - dalaivala satenga ndalama. minibuses omasuka achoke pa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.

Nyengo ndi chikhalidwe cha Mtskheta

Kuwonjezera malo ambiri mbiri ndi chipembedzo, likulu lakale la Georgia amakhala ndi chikhalidwe wokongola. m'tawuni waima pa mfundo kumene Kura amalowa Aragvi. mtsinje Ichi anafotokozedwa ndi ndakatulo Lermontov a "The watsopano." Koma ichi - Patapita. Nyengo wofatsa kwambiri Mtskheta. Zima louma ndipo si ozizira kwambiri (monga kuyenera madera ambiri lamapiri). January kutentha ndi madigiri awiri pa avareji ndi chizindikiro kuphatikiza. Ndipo m'chilimwe si kotentha. Mu July ndi August, mpweya ndi usavutike ndi zabwino kwambiri madigiri twente-faifi. The bwino nthawi anakumana alendo kupita ku Mtskheta ndi kuchita akumeneko amanena kuti nthawi kuchokera March mpaka m'ma November. Mzindawu uli wazunguliridwa ndi mapiri otsika, pamwamba amene anayikidwa mchitidwe umenewu wakale ndi mipanda.

History of Mtskheta

Kutchula koyamba za mzinda mu mbiri ya theka lachiwiri la woyamba Zakachikwi BC, pamene unakhala likulu la boma wakale wa dera la Iberia. Koma nthano kwambiri pa zaka Mtskheta. Malinga ndi nthano, idamangidwa ndi mwana wa mfumu ya Kartli. dzina lake anali Mtsehotos - anapereka dzina la kukagawira. Ndipo kuchokera Kartli anatenga anthu onse amene anayambitsa ndiye boma wotchedwa "Kartveli" (Georgia). Mtskheta, zowoneka ndi amene amachitira umboni kale ulemerero wa dziko, anali mbamu chokoma pamaso pa anansi nkhondo yakale mpaka zaka za. City anayesa kulanda Ahelene, Aperisiya, Aroma, Turkey, ndi ena ambiri. Pafupifupi zaka chikwi Mtskheta unali likulu la dziko wonyada mpaka Mfumu Vakhtang Gorgasali, amene analamulira m'zaka za zana lachisanu, anamanga Tbilisi ndipo anasamukira ku nyumba yake. Koma ngakhale ndiye, mzinda siinafike umatha. Mtskheta anakhalabe likulu achipembedzo. Ndipotu, pali anaikidwa wachifumu wa Catholicos - mutu wa mpingo Chijojiya Mkhristu.

Georgia, Mtskheta: malo osangalatsa (mwachidule)

mzinda uwu umatchedwa Yerusalemu Chachiwiri. Ndipo weniweni Chijojiya kachisi achipembedzo. Ndi mu Mtskheta anabwera ndi uthenga wabwino wa Niño woyera Uthenga Mkhristu. Komanso, mu kachisi waukulu mumzinda adakali nawo za zinthu zopatulika akulemekezedwa - ndi chiton wa Yesu Khristu, amene pa Kalvare unagawidwa pakati pa legionaries Roma. Ulemerero Chachiwiri Yerusalemu zogona Catholicos zinachititsa kuti zikamera mchitidwe ambiri amene ankakhala mu mapiri ozungulira. kudzikundikira uyu wa zinthu zakale ndi achipembedzo sichingapezeke kwina kulikonse Georgia. Choncho, mzinda wonse wa Mtskheta anatengedwa amatetezedwa ndi UNESCO nalowa mndandanda wake monga cholowa dziko la umunthu. Kuvomerezedwa kukaona ndi mchitidwe umenewu Samtavro ndi Jvari, Svetitskhoveli Cathedral ndi Bebristsihe linga. Pafupi makumi atatu lari ofunika gulu basi ulendo ndi chiongoko ku Tbilisi.

Svetitskhoveli Cathedral. History of maonekedwe a kachisi

Izi - wachikhristu mpingo wamkulu mu Georgia. Komabe, kapangidwe ka sipangakhalenso anamusilira lero, inamangidwa m'zaka khumi. Koma malinga ndi nthano, m'zaka za zana lachinayi, panali mpingo waung'ono. Ndi maonekedwe ake chikugwirizana ndi nthano wokongola. Mtsikana wina Sidonia, pamene munalandila Chikhristu, adawawumiriza abale ake kubweretsa kwa Yerusalemu chinachake za thupi Yesu Khristu. Iwo anamvera kuchonderera ake n'kubwerera kwawo ndi mkanjo kuti sovlekli ndi Mpulumutsi asanapachikidwe. Mtengo Cydonia kwene nguwo, iye natsirizika. Choncho anaikidwa m'manda, chifukwa chovala sangathe kuchotsedwa zala za mtsikana akufa. Mpingo woyamba inamangidwa pamandapo. Awa ndi malo apadera, amene ali ndi maganizo amanyadira Georgia. Mtskheta, kumene chidwi ndi lambiri, komabe wotchuka ngati malo osungira zinthu zakale wachikhristu. Choncho mzinda amakopeka khamu la amwendamnjira.

Bakuman wa chilengedwe cha tchalitchi

Pamene mpingo waung'ono anawonongedwa mu nthawi ya nkhondo lotsatira, pa manda a Sidonia anakula mkungudza yaikulu. Mfumu yoyamba Mkhristu wa Georgia Mirian analamula kuti amange kachisi wa khumi ndi awiriwo Atumwi. Kuyambira mkungudza kugwetsa kudula mizati iwiri, imene anali kuthandiza Chipilala. Six a iwo anaika pa m'mbali. Koma mzati chiwiri atapachikidwa mu mlengalenga. Ndiye svyatitelnitsa Niño anayamba kupemphera, ndi chifukwa cha ndime iyi mu malo ndi zamirotochila. Choncho Svetitskhoveli kachisi ndi wotchedwa - "Lawi Kukhala". Ndipotu mafuta wapatali anachiritsa odwala amene anabwera ku mpingo machiritso. Izi, kumene, wokongola nthano. kachisi anamangidwa ndi wamanga Arsukisdze. maulendo onse Georgia, kuyendera Cathedral pa Nkhani yakuti mphunzitsi wamanga amasirira luso lake, kunyozedwa Master, kubweretsa kudula dzanja lake. Atsogoleri kusonyeza mtunda pa wapakamwa kumpoto. Iwo akunena Dzanja lagwira chigongono. Ndipo apa pali wapadera Zojambula pakhoma ndi kozungulira zouluka ndi akusuzumira pawindo kupeza munthuyo. Ilo liri mu kupenta wa mizati chapakati cha zozizwitsa. Mu kachisi script m'manda Chijojiya mafumu - Irakli II, Gorgasali George XII ndi ena. Bungwe unachitikira kukhala pampando wachifumu mwambo wa Catholicos latsopano.

obisika Samtavro

Obisika ili m'kati mwa mzinda wa Mtskheta. obisika inamangidwa ndi Mfumu Mirian mu malo mipingo unpreserved matabwa. Tidakhala mobwerezabwereza anawonongedwa ndipo anabwezeretsedwa. Pamene George I (zoyambirira za m'ma XI), agulupa natenga maonekedwe pano, ngakhale kumadera munthu ndipo mzikiti zinalengedwa Patapita chivomezi zaka XIII-XIV. Nthawi yomweyo komanso ntchito guwa chipata. Frescoes zaka XVI-XVII. Unani umenewo Samtavro zimasunga chidutswa Mirotochivogo Chipilala zozizwitsa mafano a ku Spain Amayi a Mulungu ndi St. Nina, zotsalira zina. kachisi wakhala malo kupumula za akhristu oyamba Mfumu Mirian ndi mkazi wake Nana. Komanso komweko akulemekezedwa Chijojiya woyera - Mkulu Gabriel.

Jvari

Ichi ndi kachisi wina, amene anatchuka chifukwa Mtskheta. Jvari ili kunja kwa mzinda, pa phiri lalitali. Kupeza kunja uko, makamaka ana, m'pofunika nditenge takisi - kuwuka kwa phiri n'kwakukulu ndithu. Pakuti makumi awiri gel osakaniza dalaivala whisk kwa kuonerera sitimayo, mukhoza kudikira nthawi yochuluka ndi kubwerera kumzinda. Ndi za Jvari Lermontov analemba "The watsopano." Pa phazi la phompho Aragvi Mtsinje "walukidwa m'manja mwa mlongoyo," ndi Kura. Dzina Djvari anawamasulira kuchokera Chijojiya monga "Cross". Ndipo dzina la obisika anapatsidwa osati mwangozi. Pa svyatitelnitsa izi thanthwe Niño kumanga mtanda polemekeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity ndi Georgia. Ndipo mpingo pawokha inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma chimodzi.

linga Bebristsihe

Ngati ndinu Georgia ndi galimoto, onetsetsani kukaona chipilala wakale umenewu. Ndipo ngati si - musati stint pa galimoto. kukopa ili mu Mtskheta pa mzinda wa kumpoto - ndi pamwamba pa phiri. Kuyang'ana zithunzi zojambula izi chikondi bwinja, ndi kukhulupirira kuti kamodzi loko wa Bebristsihe bwino kwambiri mzinda ku nkhondo ya adani. Izo zikuwoneka citadel ochepa. Ambiri mwina, anali asilikali yaing'ono. Mwina linga anali angaloŵe chifukwa malo ake ndipo salowa kufikira tsiku lathu owonjezera zolimba. M'mbiri ya citadel Bebristsihe otchulidwa kuyambira 1156. Mkati mwa makoma ake anamwalira Georgia Demetre woyamba mfumu. Mwatsoka, 2010, kukopa anali kwambiri kuonongeka ndi Matope omwe ankakokoloka anawononga a.

Shio-Mgvime

obisika zimenezi, pamodzi ndi Svetitskhoveli ndi Jvari, Georgia imatengedwa kuti ndi opatulika. wapadera ake kwagona kuti obisika ndi zosaoneka, ngakhale Iye asamabisanso. Monga inamangidwa kuphatikiza ndi ledges chikasu thanthwe kuoneka kokha pamene apaulendo pafupi ansembe pa mtunda pafupi. maulendo ambiri mu Georgia kubwera kwa wopatulika zovuta wamkulu mu Mtskheta. Agulupa nalo dzina lake kuchokera Simeona Mgvimskogo, amene anamanga mpingo m'nthawi ya chimodzi. Waliteteza pafupifupi wawo. A nyumba otsika ndi mzikiti awiri mlingo, amene aposa ndi nsanja yaing'ono ndi denga peaked, ndi wapadera osati Georgia komanso dziko. Agulupa ndi chidwi osati ndi mpingo. Maselo Chimonko wakale anadula mu miyala. Lilipobe mpaka pano wamwamuna phanga obisika amasunga chizindikiro zozizwitsa za mchiritsi Panteleimon, zimene zimakopa amwendamnjira ambiri.

zokopa Natural mu Mtskheta

Pafupi ndi tauni ya Kazbegi National Park ili. Izi si mwayi waukulu kuti ayanjane ndi chikhalidwe kwabasi la Georgia. Ndipotu gorge mu Terek Valley kalekale zofunika kwambiri njira ndimeyi ku Caucasus kumpoto. ovuta phompho korona nyumba akale. Kazbegi - wachitatu phiri lalitali. Malinga ndi nthano, Prometheus anamangiriridwa pano.