Bolshevik Island: komwe, maonekedwe, mbiri ya phunziroli

Mu Ocean Arctic lagona zilumba za Severnaya Zemlya. Amakhala ndi zilumba anayi akuluakulu komanso ambiri ang'onoang'ono. Nkhaniyi imafotokoza chilumba chachiwiri waukulu mwa zilumba - ndi Bolsheviks. Ndi kum'mwera kwenikweni kwa North a Dziko Lapansi, ndi m'mphepete mwa nyanja ziwiri - Kara ndi Laptev. Ndi dziko la izo ndi wosiyana ndi wa Khwalala ya Vilkitsky, koma kwa October kuukira boma Island - Khwalala Shokalski.

mudziwe Hrs

Island 11 ali Bilshovyk m'dera tysyach 312 sq. makilomita, mlandu pafupifupi theka la zilumba lonse. mfundo zake lapamwamba kwambiri pa mamita 935. Mpumulo wa chisumbucho ndi makamaka mosabisa ndi mapiri angapo, nthawi zina kutembenukira mu phiri.

Ndondomeko ya m'deralo: 78 madigiri Mphindi 36 kumpoto kumpoto ndi madigiri 102 Mphindi 55 longitude kum'mawa. Tsopano mukudziwa kumene Bolshevik Island.

mwanyanja ake ali kwambiri indented, pali Magombe ambiri. Kwambiri chidwi - Gulf Akhmatova, yomwe ndi pafupifupi 60 kuchokera n'zimene m'dziko. Kudutsa kwambiri kumtunda fjord Thalmann ndi Gulf Mikoyan. Katundu wambiri pali m'ndandanda wa kumalo - Zhuravlev, dzuwa ndi ena.

Bolshevik Island monyadira ambiri mitsinje - odzola, Kamenka, Golysheva, otsetsereka ndi ena, koma pali nyanja zingapo ndipo iwo sali wamkulu.

nyengo

Nyengo Arctic nyanja. pafupifupi pachaka kutentha kwa zaka zambiri anali pa kuzungulira -14 ...- 16 ° C, pamene m'nyengo yozizira zikhoza kusiya kwa -40 ° C m'chilimwe kawirikawiri limatuluka pamwamba + 5 ° C. Chamvula kugwa pang'ono - mpaka mamilimita 400 pa chaka, makamaka June mpaka August. Ngakhale m'chilimwe nthaka thaws yekha pamwamba pang'ono zakuya (12-15 cm) nthaka zikumangidwa Madzi oundana. Area oposa 3 miliyoni sq. makilomita (30% wa chisumbucho) okutidwa oundana kuti konse kusungunula. Yaikulu ya iwo ngakhale dzina - Leningrad, Kropotkin, Mushketov.

Popeza kutentha otsika, kawirikawiri squally mphepo ndi zinthu zina chokhwima zimaonekeratu chifukwa chilumba ndi bwinja Bolshevik. Nyengo pano kwambiri kwa chaka zoipa kwambiri.

Biota

Ngakhale nyengo wankhanza kwambiri, Bolshevik chilumba komabe anthu. Pa misanje ya ambiri mbalame chisa. Kwenikweni ndi - pinki ndi siliva gulls, murres, wakuda miyendo kittiwake, glaucous gulls, komanso mitundu osowa monga peregrine kabawi, gulls Sabine ndi woyera.

Pachilumba rookeries akonzekeretse walruses ndi zisindikizo. Nthawi zina mukhoza kuona mphalapala, lemmings, afisi ndi nkhandwe. Koma mwiniwake wa chisumbucho, komanso zilumba lonse - chimbalangondo kumalo ozizira. Zafukulidwa wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 25 zikwi zapitazo mammoths anakhalapo kuno.

Malinga ndi akatswiri, ndi Bolsheviks pali pafupifupi 65 mitundu ya zomera, ndiko kuti, pachilumba ndi ochepa kwambiri zomera. Apa kupulumuka ndere ndi lichens, pafupifupi mosalekeza chivundikiro chophimba miyala, komanso msondodzi kumalo ozizira. Osowa maluwa - Arctic poppy, bloodroot, Saxifraga cespitosa, matalala saxifrage, minuartia lalikulu-fruited, bluegrass kufupikitsidwa, Saxifraga cernua, luzula losapesa komanso ena mitundu ina. Mbewu monga chimanga pa chisumbu kukula pickerel buluu imvi ya m'mapiri foxtail.

Khalidwe lalikulu la nyama wamba - amphamvu sparseness zomera, ndiye chinthu chachikulu chimene chiri miyala ndi gravelly zigwa ndi zitunda wa chisumbucho, amene akambidwa nkhaniyi.

Blizhlezhaschie zilumba zing'onozing'ono

The utali wozungulira wa makilomita angapo kuchokera Bolshevik lagona pa 20 tizilumba tina. The kwambiri awa akutchedwa Owonjezera. Ena - Low, aiwala, Sports, Klin, pachimake, pafupi, sitima ndi angapo - ndi malo pang'ono. Iwo onse kugawana akakhala ndi lathyathyathya miyala mtunda, nkhanza nyengo, zomera osauka ndi zomera zikusoŵa kwambiri.

Kodi kufufuza chilumba Bolshevik

Reviews padziko lino zoipa kumalo ozizira. Iwo amakonda zovuta za moyo ndi ntchito, koma chilumba chimenechi ndi onse chisoni zokongola wake unremarkable, wachisoni kumwamba, leaden mafunde, ndi mphamvu ya ikuwugenda pagombe.

Mbiri ya chitukuko wa chisumbucho, komanso onse kumpoto Lapansi - yowala, wodzala ndi woona tsamba ungwazi lonse chrede Hrs kutulukira. Otulukira chilumba - mamembala a hydrographic ulendo B.A.Vilkitskogo, amene adafika woyamba ku gombe la Bolsheviks mu 1913. Phunziro kwambiri zambiri ndi nkhani ya dziko chidachitika mu zaka 1930-1932 pa ulendo wa Institute for Phunziro la North. mamembala ake ali asayansi Urvantsev NN Asiya vv, Ushakov GA Zhuravlev ndi SP

Mu zaka 1979-1983 padziko lapansi anaona golide placer. Mu 1992 chilumbacho anachezeredwa ndi Bolshevik zachilengedwe ulendo asayansi asanu, amene ntchito yaikulu inali kudziwa mlingo wa mankhwala kuipitsidwa kwa Severnaya Zemlya.

chochitika chofunika anamvekanso Ornithology mu 1992, pamene chilumba kutulutsa adani ndi banding wa gulls woyera liwunikidwenso wa mtundu uwu.

Total chilumba 3 ndi kumalo ozizira siteshoni - kutumikira limodzi ( "Cape Baranova") ndi awiri chatsekedwa ( "dzuwa" ndi "mchenga").