Andean - ndilo dziko? M'mayiko Andean: nyengo, chuma

Andean mayiko - zili wa Andes Community. Inakhalapo mu 1969 ndi mayiko asanu: Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru, Colombia ndi Chile.

Panopa, gulu amachita ngati miyambo wamphumphu. Anadziwana ndi wamba miyambo tariff, mfundo wamba malonda ikuchitika mu ubale m'maboma ena.

Nthaka ndi mchere

Andes - wamkulu phiri dongosolo la dziko. M'litali lamba phiri ndi 9000 kukafika mu msinkhu, ali yokha HimalayasI. 20 phiri nsonga upambana kutalika 6 Km, ndi apamwamba mfundo - kuphulika Akonkagua - ukufika 6960 mamita Andes yomwe ili m'mphepete mwa mbale lithospheric -. South America, kumene amagwira macheka makutu extruded ku pakhoma pa zokwawa Nazca zikuluzikulu mbale pansi pa slab kumtunda.

Zitunda, kufanana mizere ya contouring gombe kuimira unyolo mapiri. Mapiri a ku South America - yogwira, iwo nthawi dzukani ndipo tsanulirani chiphalaphala, chomwe chimadzaza toti intermountain ndi zigwa, n'kupanga chiphalaphala ya kumapiri yachonde.

Mchere wa gawo ili la Africa kumangidwanso kwa toti intermontane ndi matendawa, foothill wa Andes. M'mayiko Andean amadziŵika kuti ali m'matangadza lalikulu la mchere kawirikawiri. Pali mchere ncho monga mkuwa, nthaka, kutsogolera molybdenum, tini ndi ena.

Kapangidwe nthaka, n'zotheka kuti zimene mchere wa mayiko Andes. Resources a Latin America ndi yosiyanasiyana. M'mapiri pali zachilengedwe zotero chuma, monga gypsum, mitsempha ya malasha, mchere, Mercury, golide, pulatinamu ndi siliva. mayiko onse Andean kudzitama kotunga wokwanira wa miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi theka-mtengo wapatali monga ametusito, topazi, sibu ndi ena.

Nyengo ya maiko Andes

Andes - ndi yaikulu mapiri, limene mbali amasiyana Chrixitu. Pakuti mayiko akuyendayenda Andes anagawidwa mayiko anayi physiographic kuti amaphatikiza zingapo zochititsa.

M'mayiko Andean wa Latin America - ofunda limati kum'mwera, koma nyengo ndi pang'ono osiyana Chrixitu.

kumpoto Andes

Pa m'dera la mapiri ndi awa: mbali ya Ecuador, Venezuela ndi Colombia. M'maiko zathupi Hrs zikuphatikizapo: Caribbean Andes, Andes la Ecuador ndi chakumadzulo Andes.

Nyengo yamphamvu ndi boma yamphamvu. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya mu Pacific gombe mpaka 8000 mamilimita pa chaka, mu hinterland mvula zochepa koma chilala sizichitika. Mbali ya kum'mawa kwa amachepetsa chinyezi, mbali m'munsi mwa phiri otsetsereka kukula kokha letnezelenye mitengo, koma pamalo okwera 1000 mamita pamwamba kuyamba yonyowa gilei.

Pa otsetsereka lamkati la mvula ndi zochepa, choncho palibe pokhapokha letnezelenye kapena nkhalango olimbika Ndalankhula.

chapakati Andes

Conventionally, iwo anawagawa wa ku Bolivia ndi Peru Andes, monga m'mayikowa zili mu gawo ili la mapiri.

Chapakati Andes amasiyana nyengo mokwanira youma. Mbali driest - Bolivia Andes. Mvula ndi mamilimita zosakwana 300 pa chaka. Koma kuyambira msinkhu wa mamita 3500 pamwamba pa nyanja, umachuluka mpweya, choncho palibe kukula mbatata, balere, dzinthu ena. Mizinda yonse yaikulu ku okwera kuti.

Kutentha pafupifupi chaka ndi + 20-23 ° C. M'chaka kutenthaku yokwanira Andes + 18 ° C m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha + 15 ° C. Pa Pacific gombe kutentha m'munsimu.

Andes subtropical

Apa izo pafupi kwathunthu inali ku Chile. Kumpoto kwa phiri mpweya ndi laling'ono kwambiri - mamilimita 10 pa chaka. Nawu Atacama chipululu.

South ya mvula chipululu kumawonjezera mpaka 1500 mamilimita pa chaka.

Avereji ya January kutentha kwa + 22 ° C, mu July - pakati + 12 ° C ndi 18 ° C.

M'madera kumene mpweya limachititsa kukula nkhalango zachilengedwe za woyendera nthambi kotentha. Ndi kucheperachepera mpweya kuoneka nkhalango olimbika masamba, chitsamba zomera, amene akutembenukira mu chipululu.

Patagonian Andes

Mbali iyi ya dongosolo migodi ya wotsikitsitsa ndi zosamveka. Malo otsetsereka awo kumadzulo imagwera za 5000 mamilimita mvula pa chaka, ndi kutentha chilimwe ndi chisanu ndi + 15 ° C.

Pa otsetsereka kumadzulo kwa mpweya amachepetsa kwa 1500 mm, ndi kutentha pafupifupi ndi kuchuluka kwa + 20 ° C - + 24 ° C.

Andean Community

mayiko onse Andean kugawana mbiri wamba. Ngakhale patsogolo chitukuko cha colonizers awa m'dziko kumadzulo kwa Ulaya kwa anthu a mapiri - Amwenye - apanga awo chikhalidwe yekha ndi chuma. An boma wakale m'dera la Andes anali amphamvu mawu zachuma ndi chikhalidwe. Pali anayamba osati ulimi, ziweto, komanso anali kupanga mchere zosiyanasiyana. Zonse za izo anawonongedwa ndi kubera anagonjetsa a Britain, France ndi Portugal.

Colony anabweretsa chachikulu mayiko ndalama zokwanira choyamba. chitukuko Economic anali kupita mbali imodzi. Koma pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa mayiko ochokera m'mayiko atsamunda Andean anapita njira zawo osiyana kwambiri chuma masiku ano Latin America ndi osiyana kwambiri.

Kuti moyo wawo, mayiko Andean anapanga pangano - Andean Community. Choncho iwo ankafuna kuchita zambiri msika mayiko, amene anabalalika. Chifukwa, izo anayambitsa wamba miyambo tariff, panali ambiri mapulani mafakitale ndi maiko osachepera olemera - Bolivia ndi Ecuador - chaperekedwa ndi phindu lochuluka.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za Au ndi - ndi chilengedwe cha chimango nchito kumene ntchito supranational yochepa. chitsanzo Andean Community ofanana ndi chitsanzo cha bungwe la European Union, kusiyana chabe.

The AC tichipeza matupi zitatu:

- Council Pulezidenti. Apa ndiye matanthauziro ndondomeko kusakanikirana, amaganizira zofuna za subregion lapansi. Ayesedwa ndi zotsatira zake.

- Bungwe la nduna okhonda. Iwo amachita zosiyanasiyana ntchito zokhudzana ndi nkhani zakunja. Izi zili choncho makamaka nawo mgwirizano gulu zokambirana zosiyanasiyana mayiko ndi mabungwe.

- Secretariat General. Thupi wamkulu, lotsogoledwa ndi Mlembi General ndi wosankhidwa ndi Bungwe la nduna.

matupi ena wocheperapo: wa Andes yamalamulo, wa Andes Court of Justice, Secretariat General, ndi ena.

M'mayiko Andes ku America South - ndi European Union mu Europe.