The Republic of Nauru. A boma popanda likulu a. Zokopa, zosangalatsa

dziko ndi wokongola, chachinsinsi ndipo akhoza kudabwa tsiku lililonse. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ochepa mukudziwa kuti mu dziko pali pang'ono kuphunzira maphunziro onse, anataya pakati expanses zedi ndi Pacific Ocean - dziko laling'ono Republic of Nauru: pa khadi lake sadzatero aliyense wokonda madera.

malo

Anthu pofuna kuyesa - Zokuthandizani: kumadzulo kwa dziko la Oceania. Kakang'ono chilumba dziko amatenga dzina lomweli monga "chidwi" kukula - pang'ono kuposa 21 makilomita lalikulu. Ichi ndi 75 (!) Times kakang'ono kuposa dera London! N'zosadabwitsa kuti chinthu monga likulu la Nauru kulibe - chilumba chabe lagawidwa m'zigawo, ndipo onse sakhalitsa.

Izi ndi mmene matanthwe chilumba, pa zaka mamiliyoni ambiri, kukwera kuchokera mu kuya. Anapeza chifukwa cha kusaka yaitali, ndi Republic of Nauru pa mapu amaoneka ngati chowulungika amtengo elongated (4 Km lonse ndi 6 Km yaitali) ndi ni kumbali - ndi Anibare Bay (East Coast).

Chilumba atazungulira ndi m'madzi matanthwe - pa otsika mafunde izo poyera, ndiyeno inu mukhoza tione pa zida za nkhondo za Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri World, amene wavutika tsoka pano. gawo ili makamaka lathyathyathya - m'dera osati popitiriratu gombe.

Chibwenzi, chisumbu cha Nauru limatuluka pamwamba pa nyanja ndi pa avareji mamita 30-40. Ngati maulosi amenewa ya zachilengedwe za likutentha akwaniritsidwa, ambiri a iwo adzakhala pansi madzi - padziko kokha ndi chimbuzi cha chilumba (monga magwero osiyanasiyana osachepera 60 osapitirira 71 meters).

nkhani za m'mbiri

Palokha, chisumbu cha Nauru tikhoza kuitchula ndi liwu limodzi succinct: mavuto. Mbiri ya dziko yaing'ono zikusonyeza mtunda mmene pang'ono pakati pa zopusa ndi zomvetsa chisoni.

Anthu anayamba kukhazikika pano kalelo: pafupifupi 3 zikwi zapitazo. Asayansi akukhulupirira kuti anali wakale fuko lina lomwe kenako anaumba Polynesians ndi Micronesians.

Pa nthawi imene chilumba anapeza mkulu wa ngalawa English, D.Firn (1798), anali anthu mafuko 12, amene sankadziwa kwambiri statehood. Nauruans nsomba madzi ozungulira, nakulitsa imodzi mwa mitundu yake (milkfish) mu madzi kumtunda (m'gawo pali nyanja wotchedwa Buada), wakula kokonati ndi pandanus mwina anatha opanda chitukuko.

Firn England, popanda kupempha maganizo a anthu zamakolo, chisumbu chotchedwa "okoma" ndipo anachoka ku New Zealand, womwe poyamba ankapita. Kuyambira nthawi yomwe inayamba mavutowo mwa anthuwa kuti: tsogolo la Republic of Nauru chinaperekedwa ku kuukira "mwapang'onopang'ono" pafupifupi mosalekeza. Kuti tiyambepo pachilumbachi panali Ulaya ndi iwo - mizimu. Anthu wamba wayamba kukhala mofulumira kwambiri, "mphatso za chitukuko." Part - anachekedwa, ena kuphana mbodzi na mbodzi nkhondo internecine, munthu yodziwa matenda atsopano (kuphatikizapo mwa kugonana ..).

ulamuliro kunja

Popeza dziko kakang'ono alibe zinthu zodziteteza, "chabwino azungu 'anamutenga pansi phiko lake. Choyamba milandu mbadwa chinkhoswe mu England, mu 1888 linalanda chilumba Germany wosakhazikika, anapatsa Dzhaluitskoy kampani kasamalidwe.

Komabe, zinthu zambiri, palibe wina chidwi Nauru - mitengo ya kanjedza kotero nsomba choyambirira mbalame ophunzitsidwa ndi zochuluka kwambiri ndi nsombazo m'zamalonda.

zinthu zinasintha kwambiri pamene chilumba anapeza madipoziti wachuma wa mankwala thanthwe - iwo amene anali nkhani yake kukopa mwachangu. Pamene zinadziwika kuti pali chinachake ndalama, mphamvu zikhale kwa yomweyo pa Nauru: boma sangathe kupeza mwayi pa kufooka munthu, konse dziko hegemon. Mu 1906, chikhalidwe cha chilumba anayamba mwadongosolo kotheratu pa migodi.

Chilumba - msirikali wakale wa nkhondo ziwiri

Pamene anadza First World, wokoma chidutswa, odzaza ndi mchere, tikufuna kuti ambiri, koma nthawi yoyamba kwa Australia (pang'ono patsogolo pa Japanese, amene atangofika kumene iye, koma izo zinali mochedwa). Choncho tsogolo la Republic of Nauru ali nawo nkhondo padziko lonse, zotsatira amene anaperekedwa kwa League of Nations "mu phiko" a Great Britain, Australia ndi ku New Zealand - iwo ankayenera kulamulira chilumba pamodzi, koma ambiri mwa ntchitozo ndi ankaganiza Australia.

Zolusa chitukuko cha chuma mchere anali pachimake, ndipo eni okha perepadalo zachilengedwe zikusoŵa. Chikalatacho anapitiriza ochita kusamutsidwa moyo theka-lachitukuko, ndi kobvuta ndi m'zigawo yogwira thanthwe mankwala, kenako nkhondo inayambika kachiwiri.

Poyamba Germany kumva chilumba, koma zoipa. Vuto anabwera ndi Japanese, amene akhala akuchita chimodzimodzi loto akale ndi kulanda Nauru mu 1942.

Kuwulula nkhanza za wolakika: Sizikudziwika chake, koma iwo anathamangitsidwa m'dzikomo 1.2 zikwi a m'deralo ku zilumba Chuuk, kumene pafupifupi theka la iwo anafa .. Only mu 1946 Nauruans opulumuka anakhoza kubwerera kwawo.

Waulesi yolimbirana ufulu

Nkhondo yachiwiri itatha, mu 1946, analamula kuti azikhala nthawi yaitali League of Nations. Chifukwa UN limaona onse m'gawo lake analamula pansi phiko lake. M'mayiko Atetezi wa chisumbucho, umene ndi Republic of Nauru, yemweyo kuti anatchulidwa monga pamaso - ndi moyo anapita pa mwachizolowezi.

Chilakolako ufulu mbadwa anayamba kusonyeza 50s lapansi. Aumbike mwa 1927. The Council of Chiefs anali lidzasinthidwa boma, lomwe ndi ufulu wa voti chenjezo pa boma la chitsamunda. Kulibe, koma "ngakhale pang'ono, supuni - ndizo zabwino."

Mu 1966 Nauruans chilolezo kupanga Executive ndi Council Zokonza, ndipo mu 1968 - analengeza ufulu. Palibe makamaka anakana.

chuma openga

Ndiyeno anayamba masiku okondwa chifukwa am'deralo: m'zigawo za mwala wa phosphate anali pansi pa ulamuliro wa Nauru - State anatenga mwamsanga achuma (pamodzi ndi nzika). Pa intaneti izo Amayendayenda oseketsa nkhani za mmene apolisi mkulu wa chisumbucho anagula Lamborghini chokha chomwe chingatsimikizire kuti izo sizikugwirizana mmenemo (zikuoneka, ngakhale Oceania lokhudza wantchito wa matupi yazamalamulo akhale ndithu zodyetsedwa bwino).

Sizikudziwika ngati izi ziri zoona wa njinga, koma mbadwa kwenikweni si bwino wabwino inagwa pa iwo chuma. No zoyesayesa bwino kusiyanitsa boma sanatenge ndalama, imene analipira.

Kutha kwa ziyembekezo

Flag Nauru akuimira buluu gulu anagawa horizontally chikasu lamizeremizere. Pansi - ndi mtundu wa yowala nyenyezi woyera, umene ndi mapeto a XX m'ma chitachepa. Maminolo nkhokwe zatha phosphorite, mwadzidzidzi china chirichonse kuti chilumbachi sadziwa: ndipo Usodzi ndodo, ndipo ulimi, ndi gawo utumiki anali wakhanda.

Melbourne ndi wokwanira inawomba nyumba yaitali kuti kamodzi a chilumba hapless. Mu 2004, mbendera ya Nauru, ndi spire ake amayenera kuchotsedwa - boma anakakamizika kugulitsa nyumba kuti abwerere mbali ya ngongole anthu. Tsoka chomwecho anachitika chuma ena ambiri (makamaka - Malo). Pakutha kwa chirumikachi, zinadziwika kuti Nauru - zinatha.

Kuyesa kusintha ndalama ndi kulenga ndi zone zikawonongeka analephera - anthu padziko lonse kutsogozedwa ndi United States sanali kulekerera ntchito pachilumbachi ndalama mwachinyengo chiyambi n'ngwokayikitsa - pansi mavuto amenewa mphamvu kulemekezedwa anali lingaliro la ndalama zimavuta.

zilili

Pofuna kupeza ndalama m'zilumba lekani chilichonse: malirime zoipa kuti Russia analipira ndalama Nauru kuti anazindikira Abkhazia ndi South Ossetia. Zimadzetsa m'zilumba ndi malonda andale, kwinakunso pakati China ndi Taiwan.

States kuti zikugwira 1986, wachiwiri m'dziko mawu a GDP pa munthu, "ndinazembera" pa TH pa 160 mu 2014, koma chinthu choyipa ndi zinthu akupitiriza iwonongeke.

Democratic chilumba wagawo akuimira yamalamulo wopangidwa "mmene" 18 aphungu. Iwo lili Yaren District - izi ndi mtundu wa "likulu la Nauru", anapatsidwa kuti ambiri a maofesi a boma pafupi. Ndale nzika kwambiri (pafupifupi kwambiri) ndi yogwira :. atatu zipani pa anthu 10 zikwi - chiwerengero cha chidwi ndi pa zipolowe omwe anatsagana ndi chisankho cha Pulezident cha 2003, m'zilumba yapsya malo okhala a mphamvu ndi masabata ochepa kulankhulana ndi dzikoli.

"Big M'bale" Nauru

Lero Republic of Nauru amakhala ndi moyo m'malo omvetsa chisoni, kupeza mu njira iliyonse. Ndiwo ndalama - ndalama kulowetsedwa ku Australia.

Poyamba m'zilumba ada mangala kwa zaka zambiri "mtetezi" kukhoti - mbaathamangisamo chipukuta misozi chimodzimodzi m'zigawo zolusa thanthwe mankwala wathuwu. Tsopano kontinenti wotukuka amalipira Nauru kwa anthu othawa kuchititsa mufuna chimwemwe pansi pa thambo buluu Australia. Magwero ena akuganiza kuti anthu awa - chabe anthu wamba, amene adalipira iwo kukhala pa chilumba wake ndi konse anafuna.

Kulankhulana ndi Australia ambiri amphamvu kwambiri - moti kuti lamilandu la Nauru imatengedwa kuti ndi Australia Supreme Court.

ziyembekezo Island

Pangani zoyesayesa zawo zakhala bwino. N'zotheka nsomba - kuya kwa nyanja makilomita awiri okha a pachilumbachi mamita oposa 1,000, koma ku doko la Nauru "anawerengedwa" awiri okha mabwato ophera nsomba. Agriculture mwachuluka kutumikira okha anthu a Republic. zinthu zoipa ndi madzi akumwa - mayunitsi apadera desalted madzi, kawirikawiri ulesi chifukwa cha ngongole kwa magetsi.

Tourism, nayenso, ndi mu Chiyambi chake: Maholide mu Nauru si otchuka kwambiri, monga Oceania pali malo zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, mfundo zimene a view Koma umayang'ana. kukoma Local zaka, "mogwirizana" ndi azungu kwambiri anataya. Miyambo wawaiwala, malo akale kapena zipilala, nayenso, kumanzere.

Nauru malo kupuma

Ngakhale nyengo Nauru - mayeso aakulu kwa azungu: ngati chilumba lili pafupifupi equator (42 Km kum'mwera), pali chinyezi kwambiri ndi otentha. Chilimwe - chilala, kutentha pansi madigiri 40 masana, usiku iwo ukutsika "kwambiri" 30 - palibe mpweya kuno zambiri musati adzapulumuka. ntchito dzuwa ndi chotero kuti inu mukhoza kuwotcha ngakhale madzi. Mu mvula, koma kuti otentha, akadali ndi achinyezi - ambiri, nyengo aliyense.

Koma chinthu zomvetsa chisoni - ndi boma zachilengedwe. Kwa zaka pafupifupi migodi mankwala pafupifupi dera lonse la chilumbacho (90%) anali maonekedwe owonongeka - anali mosatsata nthaka ndi inasanduka otchedwa .. "Chikondwererochi malo" imene zachilengedwe kuwopseza dziko. Popeza kuti palibe amene amandikonda za kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe, kulikonse - ndi ndondomeko ya migodi, ovuta, milu ya zinyalala thanthwe - apa ndi zochititsa chidwi maganizo. Nauru satopa kupempha ndalama pulogalamu kubwezeretsa topezeka kudera. The UN, imene achinyamata boma ting'onoting'ono anabwera mu 1999, kuyesera mu njira iliyonse kupereka. Padakali Komabe, analephera Mokhumbira zabwino.

Ambiri, mu Nauru, maulendo omwe si kale misala kufunika kwa zifukwa izi, pafupifupi wina zosangalatsa - nyanja nsomba ndi kalozera m'deralo. Fans kuti ndi wokongola ozizira. Mungathe kusambira madzi ndi - losavuta kumiza ankachita mu Bay Anibare. Kuyambira nthawi ya moyo wakale anakhalabe maiwe ndi mabwalo a tenesi.