System wagawo: Kaonekedwe ndi waukulu makhalidwe

Nthawi zina, akulankhula pa nkhani computer, anthu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa dongosolo kompyuta wagawo, ndipo zimenezi zimachititsa ambiri mafunso okhudza kapangidwe ndi makhalidwe zipangizo zonse kuti ali momwemo. owerenga ambiri sakudziwa kalikonse za magwiridwe ndi kapangidwe ka chipangizo kompyuta, kotero owerenga akuitanidwa kuti akonze mipata nzeru. Nkhani pa nkhaniyi: "System wagawo: kapangidwe ndi makhalidwe chachikulu" adzalola wosuta nthawizonse kukhala savvy nkhani zokhudza kompyuta.

Zitsulo bokosi magetsi

Mndandanda wa zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse kompyuta, amene ntchito kompyuta munthu, wotchedwa dongosolo. Choncho, mgwirizano wa zinthu zonse pa nsanja munthu wochita ngati amodzi wina ufulu otchedwa dongosolo unit. Kulankhula chilankhulo Kufikika, zonse chitsulo kapena nyumba pulasitiki, kuphatikizapo chimango yokha, amatchedwa dongosolo. The zikuchokera kwa munthu kompyuta wagawo amadziwika pafupifupi CPU aliyense wosuta, mavabodi, kukumbukira, khadi video, magetsi ndi mbali zina.

Kuweta magwiridwe nyumba si mgwirizano wa zigawo zonse pa kompyuta, koma komanso mogwirizana kwa mfulu - kutanthauza mwayi thupi zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse kwa wina ndi mzake. Mu msika kusiyanitsa thupi la mawonekedwe chinthu, amene amasankha kukula kwa chipangizo (kutalika, m'lifupi ndi kuya). Zitsanzo za mtundu Chinthu: ETX, ATX, ATX-midle, mini-ATX, yaying'ono-ATX, Barabone, Notebook, Server, ndi ena.

Mtima wa dongosolo

Zofunika kwambiri chigawo chimodzi cha owerenga ambiri amaona purosesa kuti gawo kuvomerezedwa ndi PC galimotoyo. Zimenezi ndi kolakwika. Chinthu chimene CPU processing, ie, kuwerengetsera zovuta masamu: .. Komanso, magawano, wochotsera, chulutsa. ntchito mtima mu kompyuta munthu umagwira magetsi kuti sikuti limangopereka chakudya magetsi kuti mbali zonse za nsanja, komanso amatitsimikizira khalidwe la kotunga ake (voteji ndipo panopa).

Pogula kompyuta wosuta chofunika kuwerengera mowa mphamvu zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za dongosolo wagawo ndi kusankha kufunika mphamvu okwanira, umene kupirira ntchitoyo. Kunyalanyaza pamawu izi, ndi kupeza magetsi otsika kwambiri akhoza kuwononga zinthu zonse kompyuta. Mwachibadwa, mtengo wa magetsi ndi mwachinsinsi ndi zomvetsa ngati kulephera kwa mbali zonse kompyuta.

Kuweta athandizira / dongosolo linanena bungwe

Sikutheka kuti amange kompyuta popanda mavabodi, ndilo gawo la kachitidwe unit. chipangizo izi n'cholinga kuphatikiza mbali zonse za nsanja, komanso kulamulira operability zigawo zikuluzikulu anaika. Mu mavabodi wakhala anamanga-mapulogalamu, ndilo lotchedwa BIOS. Zinali iye amene zambiri za zinthu opaleshoni ya chilengedwe mwa dongosolo unit. Zikuchokera, chiwerengero siriyo, dzina ndiponso zinthu zina zochokera mu pulogalamuyo.

The mavabodi, kuwonjezera pa mitundu yonse ya anthu opha ndi polumikizira, Integrated masensa zosiyanasiyana kuti kuwunika thanzi la kachitidwe. Mu nkhani ya mavuto chipangizo Lingatithandize wosuta phokoso chizindikiro Komabe, iwo anaganiza pa mlingo wa phokoso wapadera, sipangakhalenso decrypted kungoti akatswiri (tikulankhula za POST-zizindikiro). Monga nduna ya, mavabodi mawonekedwe Chinthu ndipo anatsimikiza ndi miyeso chomwecho ndi kulemba.

Features mavabodi

Mu msika kompyuta pali kugawanika kwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za mtengo ndi ntchito. Choncho, wosuta kusankha chotchipa awo computer, kupeza chipangizo woyenera m'kalasi bajeti ndiponso okonda-tima masewera ayenera kusankhidwa mbali mu PC mtengo. Kusiyana zofunika pakati pa zigawo alipo kwa onse zipangizo kompyuta kuti ndi gawo la kompyuta wagawo, ndi zochitachita ngakhale.

Komanso, motherboards kungakhale zikuluzikulu ndi Integrated. Zikatero, opha apadera anaika pa dongosolo matabwa, okhoza yesezera zipangizo zotumphukira (phokoso khadi, khadi video, Wi-Fi-gawo, ndi zina zotero. N.). Kusakanikirana zigawo zikuluzikulu kwambiri kumachepetsa mtengo wa dongosolo wagawo wonse Komabe, si analandiridwa ndi makasitomala, monga anamanga-mu zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito purosesa mphamvu, liwiro ntchito zake.

ubongo kompyuta

Poganizira chipangizo zikuluzikulu m'gulu dongosolo wagawo, wosuta ndithu kuti ayanjane ndi zigawo kukumbukira. chigawo ichi ndi kompyuta purosesa wothandizira. Ndikugwira ntchito kulunzanitsa, zipangizo zonse kale kubala anapezazo ndi mokwanira amasamalira deta onse, kuphatikizapo dongosolo opaleshoni ndipo ntchito akuthamanga. Kwakukulu kuchuluka kwa zinthu, liwiro kompyuta.

Sami zigawo kukumbukira amasiyana kupanga luso (DDR4, DDR3, DDR2), komanso mlingo deta (anayeza pa mafurikwense cha 1333 MHz, 2133 MHz, etc.). The apamwamba phindu, liwiro liwiro, koma pali zofooka. Iwo akulimbikitsidwa pazipita ntchito, kukumbukira ndi purosesa ntchito pa pafupipafupi yemweyo (synchronous).

nkhani yosungira

Data mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa kwina kwake zikuchokera dongosolo kompyuta wagawo kwenikweni zikuphatikizapo chimbale zovuta. Aggregators ndi maginito ndi olimba boma ndipo amasiyana accommodates deta voliyumu ndi liwiro. Izo zinachitika kuti SSDs ndi liwiro lalikulu, koma kupanga luso lawo zodula, kotero kuchuluka kwa yosungirako ndi osauka. mbale maginito ngati mtengo popanga Komabe, sangachite lalikulu liwiro la ntchito. Ndi malire imeneyi ndi kugwirizana ofooka mu dongosolo lonse unit.

Anthu ambiri amalangiza kuphatikiza ndi mitundu iwiri ya abulusa. Fast SSD-litayamba ntchito kwa opaleshoni dongosolo, ndi wozengereza - HDD - ntchito ngati nyumba yosungiramo katundu deta. chisankho ameneyu anali anuwo owerenga ambiri.

Feedback za eni kompyuta

Pezani umene zamakono zili mbali ya dongosolo wagawo, musaiwale za kugwirizana kulumikiza amalola wosuta kulamulira kompyuta, onani zotsatira za zochita zawo. Tikuyankhula zokhudza adaputala kanema kuti waikidwa pa mbale m'munsi ndipo amalola kutumiza zenizeni nthawi kanema pa kuwonetsera mudziwe (polojekiti, TV). makadi Video ndi apawokha ndi Integrated ndipo amasiyana ntchito ndi magwiridwe.

Mwachibadwa, adaputala Integrated okha mu mwayi ndi ntchito kompyuta kusonyeza zithunzi pa TV. Koma apawokha chipangizo ndi wosuta a chidwi kwambiri. Kukhala zithunzi anu purosesa ndi kukumbukira, chipangizo amatha yopangira kuwerengetsera yake, zomwe ndi zofunika mu masewera onse.

Global maukonde dziko

Kapangidwe ka dongosolo wagawo kwenikweni chikuphatikizapo adaputala maukonde kuti akhoza Integrated mu dongosolo bolodi kapena kukhala chipangizo palokha amene anaika mu kompyuta mu cholumikizira wapadera. Market azimuth njira yothetsera Integrated ndi ofunika ndalamayo, eni ambiri amakonda amakhulupirira kuti mavabodi maukonde Mtsogoleri basi kukhala.

Opha okha amasiyana pa mtengo deta ndi magwiridwe. Pali atatu mfundo liwiro: 10, 100 ndi 1024 Mbps. A nkhawa zinchito yekha mbali zina: maukonde katundu, kupereka mfundo za mmene download maukonde adaputala ndi mphamvu yakutali.

nyimbo

Pokambirana kuti mbali ya dongosolo wagawo, owerenga ambiri kuiwala za khadi omveka bwino, amene ndi chipangizo zotumphukira, osati mavabodi chigawo. The adaputala ndi udindo phokoso, komanso apawokha zithunzi khadi, zida ndi purosesa yake, maganizo, ndi opha zomvetsera processing. Distantly soundcard akufanana ndi kakang'ono mkuzamawu kunyumba zisudzo pa bolodi ndi wolandirayo ndi D Converter.

Kusankha dongosolo wagawo pa msika, zikuchokera chimene chikuphatikiza digito zomvetsera adaputala, muyenera kukonzekera mtengo yakusatetezeka mkulu wa kompyuta ambiri. Pakuti khalidwe nthawizonse amabwera pa mtengo. opanga ambiri Integrated phokoso khadi pa mavabodi lapansi. ganizo limeneli ndi ambiri owerenga bwino kwambiri, popeza kusiyana phokoso poyerekeza ndi zipangizo zokwera mtengo, popanda cholowa khutu nyimbo sangathe wapezeka.

makadi Kukula ndi magwiridwe awo

Kuweruza kopita kompyuta kungakhale pa zamkati ake, m'pofunika kuchotsa nyumba chivundikirocho ndi kudziwa zamakono zili mbali ya dongosolo unit. Choncho, mu makina Nawonso achichepere, mungapeze zambiri abulusa zovuta ndi kuukira Mtsogoleri. chipangizo ichi amatha kukonza abulusa Ufumuyo ndi kulenga pa maziko awo yosungiramo kubwerera.

The PC mkonzi, mungapeze kanema adani khadi kapena katswiri TV chochunira. Chotero chipangizo amalola kutembenuza mbendera kulowa deta ndi kuzisunga pa litayamba mwakhama. Ife opanga masewera kuwona angapo apawokha zithunzi makadi ndi dongosolo olamulira angakonde kukhazikitsa dongosolo mu galimoto kuwala ndi makadi angapo maukonde.

pomaliza

Monga mmene kumapeto, palibe zovuta mu kompyuta alibe - ndi constructor wabwinobwino, wopangidwa mwa mbali zofunika (zinthu kuvomerezedwa) ndi periphery. Tikufuna kudziwa zimene ayenera kukhala zotsatira zake zomalizira (kopita) ndipo palibe amene sadzakhala zovuta kusonkhanitsa dongosolo lake unit. The zikuchokera Komabe, ndi kulingalira, malinga ndi mwayi zachuma, chifukwa kompyuta msika amafuna ndalama ndithu ogula.