Ndi div kuti "Pascal" n'chiyani? Kuwonjezera anapezazo ndi zitsanzo

Chaka chilichonse kufunika kwa mapulogalamu ntchito. Panthawi kulemba zizindikiro za ankagwiritsa ntchito padziko zinenero dazeni mbali zosiyanasiyana. Pofuna kuti Kuphunzira mapulogalamu kompyuta zosavuta, ophunzira akusekondale ndi ophunzira maphunziro 1-2 amaphunzitsidwa loyamba kulenga ntchito zanu m'chinenero "Pascal". Ntchito div ndi yamakono, ndi kuwerengetsera ena pakati pake Cholinga cha nkhaniyi.

A mawu ochepa chinenero Pascal

"Pascal" analengedwa 1968-1969 ndi wasayansi wotchuka Niklaus Wirth, yemwe patapita kupereka kwa Turing linapereka ndi Mendulo "Anayambitsa makompyuta." Last atatsala pang'ono izo nawo chitukuko cha chinenero muyezo "Algol 68." Mu nkhani ina ya m'magazini mu 1970, cholinga chachikulu cha ntchito yake Wirth otchedwa chilengedwe cha chida champhamvu kwambiri chimene amagwiritsa zosanjidwa mapulogalamu ndi deta.

Kenako, chilankhulo "Pascal" wakhala zimakhudza kwambiri maganizo m'munda wa sayansi zambiri, kukhala maziko a. Lero, ndi ofotokoza kukhala katswiri mapulogalamu maphunziro ambiri mayunivesite otchuka dziko.

ndi inteja Chigawo Kodi

Mu masamu, pansi udindo kumvetsa ntchito integers awiri. Chifukwa cha inteja kugawikana kwa mmodzi wa iwo ndi mzake, ndi inteja mbali ya quotient lapansi. M'mawu ena, ngati:

24: 6 = 4;

100: 3 = 33

55: 6 = 9;

ndi zina zotero.

Inteja magawano umatchedwanso kupeza tsankho quotient.

Onani kuti ndi ntchito ili, ngati lopeza n'chochepa kuposa divisor, ndi chifukwa ndi ziro.

Potanthauza chifukwa cha kugawikana inteja ku b, onse Q. ndiye

T. e. magawano anachita m'lingaliro mwachizolowezi, kenako nazo zotsatira za inteja yapafupi ang'onoang'ono mbali.

Opaleshoni mu div "Pascal"

div - Mu chinenero chathu imapereka woyendetsa wapadera inteja magawano. Mawu akuti Pascal, chilinganizo chimene anapereka pamwamba, adzakhala mawonekedwe:

Q: = ndi div b.

Ngati tikulankhula zokhazikika, Mwachitsanzo, = 50 B = 9, ndiye tidzakhala Q: = 50 div 9. Chifukwa, Q adzakhala wofanana 5.

The mawerengedwe a muyezo

Opaleshoni mu div "Pascal" nthawi kuphunzira ndi yamakono ya. Pamaso ife tikupeza tanthawuzo kwa nkhani imeneyi, kuyang'ana pa momwe mungapezere ena chiwerengero.

Mwachidziwikire, angapezeke ntchito mtengo analandira chifukwa cha magawano inteja, mwachitsanzo. E.

r Mukhoza = munthu - bx Q.

Opaleshoni yamakono mu "Pascal"

Mu Pascal, kupeza yotsala akhoza kukhala wophweka kwambiri. Pakuti zolinga zimenezi amaperekedwa ndi bayinare woyendetsa yamakono.

Kwalembedwa motere:

r Mukhoza = ndi yamakono b.

Mwachitsanzo, munthu = 50 B = 9, ndiye tili r Mukhoza: = 50 yamakono 9. Chifukwa, r Mukhoza ndi wofanana 4.

Mavalidwewa

Kupeza yotsala ya kugawa (R) ntchito kompyuta ndi kutumiza mauthenga. Ndi ntchito ngati ulamuliro amayambira komanso manambala mwachisawawa osiyanasiyana yochepa.

yamakono woyendetsa, ndi ntchito kudziwa multiplicity a manambala, m. e. divisibility wa nambala wani ndi mzake ndi chifukwa ndi inteja. Mwachionekere, ndi awiri manambala, zimene chifukwa cha ntchito woyendetsa amapereka 0 yamakono.

Mu "Pascal" multiplicity chikhalidwe akhoza kulembedwa monga:

ngati yamakono B = 0 kulemba (a, 'khola, b).

Mwachitsanzo, pamene kuyamba chikhalidwe malamulo olembedwa pamwamba pa mfundo ndi = 4 ndi B = 2 polojekiti ndi adzasonyeza mawu akuti "4 khola 2".

Komanso, woyendetsa yamakono angagwiritsidwe ntchito kusonyeza manambala lotsiriza la nambala mu kalembedwe decimal. Kuchita izi, ntchito yomanga r Mukhoza = ndi yamakono 10. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo r Mukhoza = 37 yamakono 10 7 adzakupatsani zotsatira.

woyendetsa trunc

Pali woyendetsa wina, mungathe kupeza zotsatira mofanana kuchokera div kuti "Pascal". Ndi za trunc, amene akugwira ntchito osati integers. Iwo zotuluka zotsatira monga inteja gawo la mkangano fractional. Pamodzi ndi woyendetsa "wamasiku" akamagwira kugawa chifukwa chomwecho. Taganizirani chitsanzo pamwamba. Mulole = 51 B = 9. Ndiye ndi lamulo Q: = 51 9 div kupeza Q: = 5 timapeza chifukwa cha nazo. Koma ngati ntchito kwa nambalayi wa ntchito trunc, ndiye Q: = trunc (51/9) Kodi Q: .. = 5, ie, ndi chifukwa chomwecho.

CHITSANZO 1

Mungagwiritse ntchito div ndi yamakono mu "Pascal" kuthetsa mavuto othandiza. Tifanizire inu mukufuna kupeza ndalama manambala a nambala awiri zisathe. Mfundo ndi iyi:

• Monga kale tanena kale, otsiriza a manambala mu chiwerengero akhoza akamagwira ntchito kuti ndi nambala 10, yamakono woyendetsa;
• Kuti nambala yoyamba, ndiye zidzawayendera, ngati inu m'malo yamakono pa timu mu div "Pascal".

Tilembere malamulo kwa chinenero "Pascal". Iwo adzayang'ana motere:

pulogalamu Sum_2; (Dzina Program)

Number var, Number1, Number2, ndalama: inteja; (A ndandanda wa zosintha ndi kudziwa mtundu awo monga inteja ndi)

kuyamba (chiyambi cha pulogalamu ya thupi)

kulemba ( 'Lowetsani awiri manambala chiwerengero'); (Sonyezani mawu akuti "Lowetsani awiri manambala chiwerengero")

kuwerenga (Number); (Lowetsani koyamba chiwerengero)

Number1: = Number div 10; (Yowerengera ya manambala yoyamba)

Number2: = Number yamakono 10; (Yowerengera ya manambala wachiwiri)

Uwerenge: = Number1 + Number2; (Yowerengera kuchuluka kwa manambala)

kulemba (ndalama); (Zotsatira linanena bungwe pa zenera)

yotsiriza.

Chiwerengero 25 chifukwa cha ntchito pulogalamu imeneyi ndi 7, ndipo Mwachitsanzo, 37 - 9.

CHITSANZO 2

Lembani malamulo pulogalamu kuti linaŵerengera Uwerenge manambala nambala 3 zisathe.

Kodi kupeza chithunzi atsopano - n'zomveka. Si zovuta ndi mawerengedwe a 1. Izi zachitika chifukwa cha ntchito woyendetsa div kuti "Pascal" kuti nambala iyi ndi 100. Lidzagwira kudziwa mmene kupeza manambala chachiwiri. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito linapangidwira kwambiri, amene analandira ngati nambala pachiyambi, ndi kutsatira woyendetsa div 10, ndiyeno chifukwa ndi 10 yamakono woyendetsa.

pulogalamu kachidindo kwa kuwerengetsa Uwerenge manambala a zitatu manambala nambala motere:

pulogalamu Sum_3; (Dzina Program)

var Number3, ndalama: inteja; (A ndandanda wa zosintha ndi kudziwa mtundu awo monga inteja ndi)

kuyamba (chiyambi cha pulogalamu ya thupi)

kulemba ( 'Lowetsani Tree zisathe chiwerengero'); (Sonyezani mawu akuti «Lowetsani Tree zisathe chiwerengero»)

kuwerenga (Number3); (Lowetsani koyamba chiwerengero)

Uwerenge: = Number3 div 100 + Number3 yamakono 10 + Number3 div 10 yamakono 10; (Yowerengera cha kuchuluka)

kulemba (ndalama); (Zotsatira linanena bungwe pa zenera)

yotsiriza.

zolemba zina

Onani kuti ochiritsira magawano ntchito zikagwiritsidwa ntchito m'myoyo inteja mfundo kupitirira m'kalasi. Izi thunthu chimasiyanitsa izo opaleshoni mu div "Pascal", komanso woyendetsa yamakono, omwe akutipatsa zotsatira monga inteja ndi.

Dongosolo la kuphedwa ntchito bayinare mtundu (m. E. anachita pa 2 operands) mu mawu ovuta anatsimikiza ndi patsogolo ndi parentheses. M'mawu ena, ngati pali m'mabokosi ali ayesedwa choyamba mu mawu awo kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja. ntchito The * /, yamakono ndi div ali patsogolo kuposa + ndi -. Ngati m'mabokosi palibe, woyamba kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja ayenera kuchita zochita ndi yofunika kwambiri, ndiye - + ndi -.

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe kugwira ntchito ntchito mu div "Pascal". Inunso mukudziwa Mwai anapereka ntchito yamakono woyendetsa kuti, ndithudi, kungakuthandizeni kulenga ntchito zanu.